ASTM D2158-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Control over the residue content (required by Specification D1835) is of considerable importance in end-use applications of LPG. In liquid feed systems residues can lead to troublesome deposits and, in vapor withdrawal systems, residues that are carried over can foul regulating equipment. Those that remain will accumulate, can be corrosive, and will contaminate following product. Water, particularly if alkaline, can cause failure of regulating equipment and corrosion of metals.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of extraneous materials weathering above 38°C that are present in liquefied petroleum gases. The extraneous materials will generally be dissolved in the LPG, but may have phase-separated in some instances.
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain certain anti-icing additives can give erroneous results by this test method.
1.3 Although this test method has been used to verify cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for many years, it might not be sensitive enough to protect some equipment from operational problems or increased maintenance. A more sensitive test, able to detect lower levels of dissolved contaminants, could be required for some applications.
1.4 WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s websitehttp://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htmfor additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D2158 −11
Designation: 317/95
Standard Test Method for
1
Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationofextraneous 2.1 ASTM Standards:
materials weathering above 38°C that are present in liquefied D96Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by
3
petroleum gases. The extraneous materials will generally be Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure) (Withdrawn 2000)
dissolved in the LPG, but may have phase-separated in some D1796Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
instances. the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D1835Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
1.2 Liquefiedpetroleumgasesthatcontaincertainanti-icing
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
additives can give erroneous results by this test method.
2.2 Energy Institute Document:
1.3 Although this test method has been used to verify
IP Test Methods - Appendix A.Specifications - IP standard
cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for 4
thermometers
many years, it might not be sensitive enough to protect some
equipment from operational problems or increased mainte-
3. Terminology
nance. A more sensitive test, able to detect lower levels of
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
dissolved contaminants, could be required for some applica-
3.1.1 oil stain observation, n—the volume of solvent-
tions.
residue mixture required to yield an oil stain or ring that
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
persists for 2 minutes under specified conditions on absorbent
regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
paper.
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
3.1.2 residue, n—the volume, measured to the nearest 0.05
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
mL, of the residual material boiling above 38°C resulting from
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
the evaporation of 100 mL of sample under the specified
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
conditions of this test method.
terial Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
3.1.3 solvent-residue mixture, n—a mixture (solution) of 10
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for addi-
mL of solvent with any residue remaining in the centrifuge
tional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury
tube at the conclusion of the first step in this test method.
and/or mercury containing products into your state or country
may be prohibited by law.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.1 A 100-mL sample of liquefied petroleum gas is weath-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
ered in a 100-mL centrifuge tube. The volume of residue
standard.
remaining after heating the tube to 38°C is measured and
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
recorded.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 Todissolveanyresidue,10mLofsolventisaddedtothe
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
centrifuge tube. Small, measured volumes of solvent-residue
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee the ASTM website.
3
D02.H0 on Liquefied Petroleum Gas. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally www.astm.org.
4
approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D2158–05. DOI: Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
10.1520/D2158-11. U.K. www.energyinstpubs.org.uk
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2158 − 11
mixture are deposited on an absorbent paper in a specified 6. Interferences
manner. The appearance of the absorbent paper to which the
6.1 Solid contaminants such as rust
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2158–05 Designation: D2158 – 11
Designation: 317/95
Standard Test Method for
1
Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2158; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of extraneous materials weathering above 38°C that are present in liquefied
petroleumgases.TheextraneousmaterialswillgenerallybedissolvedintheLPG,butmayhavephase-separatedinsomeinstances.
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain certain anti-icing additives can give erroneous results by this test method.
1.3 Although this test method has been used to verify cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for many years,
itmightnotbesensitiveenoughtoprotectsomeequipmentfromoperationalproblemsorincreasedmaintenance.Amoresensitive
test, able to detect lower levels of dissolved contaminants, could be required for some applications.
1.4
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be prohibited by law.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D96 Test Methods forMethod For Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by Centrifuge Method (Field Procedure)Field Procedure
D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D1835 Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
2.2 Other Document: Energy Institute Document:
4
IPAppendix AIP Test Methods - Appendix A. Specifications - IP standard thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 oil stain observation, n—the volume of solvent-residue mixture required to yield an oil stain or ring that persists for 2
minutes under specified conditions on absorbent paper.
3.1.2 residue, n—the volume, measured to the nearest 0.05 mL, of the residual material boiling above 38°C resulting from the
evaporation of 100 mL of sample under the specified conditions of this test method.
3.1.3 solvent-residue mixture, n—a mixture (solution) of 10 mL of solvent with any residue remaining in the centrifuge tube
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.H0 on
Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
Current edition approved Nov.Jan. 1, 2005.2011. Published November 2005.February 2011. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20042005 as
D2158–04.D2158–05. DOI: 10.1520/D2158-05.10.1520/D2158-11.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
4
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K. www.energyinstpubs.org.uk
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2158 – 11
at the conclusion of the first step in this test method.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A100-mL sample of liquefied petroleum gas is weathered in a 100-mL centrifuge
...
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