ASTM A278M-93e1

Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 350&#176C (Withdrawn 2001)

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers gray iron for castings suitable for pressure-containing parts for use at temperatures up to 350°C.
1.2 Castings of all classes are suitable for use up to 230°C. For temperatures above 230°C and up to 350°C, only Class 275, 300, 325, 350, 380, and 415 castings are suitable.
1.3 This specification is the SI companion to Specification A278.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1992
• ICS: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
• Technical Committee: A04 - Iron Castings
• Drafting Committee: A04.01 - Grey and White Iron Castings

Standards Content (Sample)

e1
Designation: A 278M – 93
METRIC
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Specification for
Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts for
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Temperatures Up to 350°C
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 278M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—The Tensile Requirements table was corrected editorially in July 1996.
1. Scope 5.1.4 Whether or not heat treatment is required for Class
275, 300, 325, 350, 380, and 415 castings to be used at
1.1 This specification covers gray iron for castings suitable
temperatures at 230°C or less (see 6.2),
for pressure-containing parts for use at temperatures up to
5.1.5 The size of separately cast test bar to be poured (see
350°C.
Section 9 and Table 1),
1.2 Castings of all classes are suitable for use up to 230°C.
5.1.6 The size of test specimen to be machined from test
For temperatures above 230°C and up to 350°C, only Class
barsCorS,and
275, 300, 325, 350, 380, and 415 castings are suitable.
5.1.7 Special requirements.
1.3 This specification is the SI companion to Specification
A 278.
6. Materials and Manufacture
2. Referenced Documents 6.1 Castings intended for use above 230°C shall be stress-
relieved by placing them in a suitable furnace at a temperature
2.1 ASTM Standards:
not exceeding 200°C and heating them uniformly to the
A 278 Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-
2
temperatures and for the times specified in Table 2. The heating
Containing Parts for Temperatures Up to 650°F
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and cooling rates shall be uniform and shall not be more than
A 644 Terminology Relating to Iron Castings
3
250°C/h for castings of 25 mm maximum section. For heavier
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
sections the maximum heating and cooling rates in degrees
3. Terminology
Celsius per hour shall be 5000 divided by the maximum section
thickness.
3.1 Definitions of many terms common to gray iron castings
6.2 Castings of Class Nos. 275, 300, 325, 350, 380, and 415,
may be found in Terminology A 644.
which are to be used at temperatures below 230°C, may be heat
4. Classification
treated in accordance with 6.1 or they shall be cooled in the
mold to 250°C at an average rate of not more than 50°C/h for
4.1 Castings ordered to this specification are classified
castings up to 25 mm in section. For heavier sections the
based upon the minimum tensile strength of the iron in MPa.
maximum cooling rate in degrees Celsius per hour shall be
Class 150 has a minimum specified tensile strength of 150
1250 divided by the maximum section thickness.
MPa.
7. Chemical Composition
5. Ordering Information
7.1 Class 275, 300, 325, 350, 380, and 415 castings in-
5.1 Orders for material in this specification should include
tended for service above 230°C shall have a maximum carbon
the following information:
equivalent of 3.8 % as calculated from the equation CE = %C
5.1.1 ASTM designation and year date,
+ 0.3 (%Si + %P). The maximum phosphorus and sulfur
5.1.2 Class of iron required and service temperature,
contents shall be 0.25 % and 0.12 %, respectively.
5.1.3 Quantity,
7.2 The chemical analysis for total carbon shall be made on
either chilled cast pencil-type specimens or thin wafers ap-
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This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-4 on Iron
proximately ⁄32 in. thick cut from test coupons. Drillings shall
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.01 on Gray Iron
not be used because of attendant loss of graphite.
Castings.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1993. Published November 1993. Originally
8. Tensile Requirements
published as A 278M – 85. Last previous edition A 278M – 85(1991).
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02.
8.1 Iron used in supplying castings to this specification shall
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
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A 278M
TABLE 1 Diameters and Lengths of Cast Test Bars TABLE 4 Separately Cast Test Bars for Use When a Specific
Correlation Has Not Been Established Between the Test Bar and
As-Cast Diameter, mm Length, mm
the Casting
Nominal
Test Bar
Minimum Maximum Minimum Maximum
Thickness of the Wall of the Controlling Test Bar
(Mid-
(Bottom) (Top) (Specified) (Recommended)
Section of the Casting, mm
Length)
Under 6 S
A 23 22 25 125 150
6–12 A
B 33 32 36 150 230
13–25 B
C 54 53 58 175 255
A 26–50 C
S
Over 50 S
A
All dimensions of Test Bar S shall be as agreed upon by the manufacturer and
the purchaser.
11. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
TABLE 2 Stress Relieving Requirements
11.1 All castings shall be made in a workmanlike manner
A
Holding Time, h
Metal
...