ASTM C1214-02(2009)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Concrete Pipe Sewerlines by Negative Air Pressure (Vacuum) Test Method
Standard Test Method for Concrete Pipe Sewerlines by Negative Air Pressure (Vacuum) Test Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This is not a routine test. The values recorded are applicable only to the sewer being tested and at the time of testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing concrete pipe sewerlines, when using the negative air pressure (vacuum) test method to demonstrate the integrity of the installed material and the construction procedures. This test method covers testing of 4 to 36-in. diameter circular concrete pipe sewerlines utilizing gasketed joints.
Note 1—The user of this test method is advised that methods described herein may also be used as a preliminary test to enable the manufacturer or installer to demonstrate the condition of sewer pipe prior to delivery or backfill. Minimum test times presented in Table 1 are for pipelines. Holding times for testing an individual pipe may have to be increased to allow for the accumulation of leakage when the tested pipe are incorporated into a continuous pipeline.
Note 2—The user of this test method is advised that the negative air pressure (vacuum) test criteria presented in this test method are similar to those in general use. The test and criteria have been used widely and successfully in testing smaller diameter pipe. Larger pipe will be accepted more conveniently by visual inspection and individual joint testing.
Note 3—The user of this test method is advised that no correlation has been found between loss of vacuum and water leakage.
1.2 This test method is the inch-pound companion to Test Method C 1214M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for specific safety precautions.
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Designation: C1214 − 02(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Concrete Pipe Sewerlines by Negative Air Pressure
(Vacuum) Test Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1214; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C924 Practice for Testing Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines by
Low-Pressure Air Test Method
1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing concrete
C969 Practice for Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance
pipesewerlines,whenusingthenegativeairpressure(vacuum)
Testing of Installed Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines
test method to demonstrate the integrity of the installed
material and the construction procedures. This test method
3. Terminology
covers testing of 4 to 36-in. diameter circular concrete pipe
sewerlines utilizing gasketed joints.
3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtoconcrete
NOTE 1—The user of this test method is advised that methods described
pipe, see Terminology C822.
herein may also be used as a preliminary test to enable the manufacturer
or installer to demonstrate the condition of sewer pipe prior to delivery or
4. Summary of Test Method
backfill. Minimum test times presented in Table 1 are for pipelines.
Holding times for testing an individual pipe may have to be increased to
4.1 The sewerline to be tested is plugged. Air is removed
allow for the accumulation of leakage when the tested pipe are incorpo-
from the plugged line by a vacuum pump or vacuum reservoir.
rated into a continuous pipeline.
The amount of vacuum loss is used to determine the accept-
NOTE 2—The user of this test method is advised that the negative air
pressure (vacuum) test criteria presented in this test method are similar to ability of the sewerline.
those in general use. The test and criteria have been used widely and
successfully in testing smaller diameter pipe. Larger pipe will be accepted
5. Significance and Use
more conveniently by visual inspection and individual joint testing.
NOTE 3—The user of this test method is advised that no correlation has
5.1 This is not a routine test. The values recorded are
been found between loss of vacuum and water leakage.
applicable only to the sewer being tested and at the time of
1.2 This test method is the inch-pound companion to Test
testing.
Method C1214M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in
the test method.
6. Safety Precautions
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.1 Warning—The user of this test method is advised that
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
thistestmaybedangerousifalineisnotpreparedproperlyand
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
proper procedures are not followed.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.2 Accessmanholesorstructuresmustbeventilatedandair
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for
quality continuously monitored.
specific safety precautions.
6.3 No one shall be allowed in or near the manholes during
2. Referenced Documents
testing.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
7. Preparation of the Sewerline
Products
7.1 Where practical, clean the line prior to testing, wet the
pipe surface, and eliminate debris.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
NOTE 4—The user of this test method is advised that a wetted exterior
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods
pipe surface is desirable and will produce more consistent test results.Air
of Test.
may pass through the walls of dry pipe. This can be overcome by wetting
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2009.PublishedJuly2009.Originallyapproved
in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C1214 – 02. DOI: 10.1520/ the pipe. Usually, moisture absorbed from the backfill is sufficient to cope
C1214-02R09. with this situation. If the problem persists, segmental testing of the line
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
will establish if there is a significant leak.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
7.2 Plug all pipe outlets including laterals. Review safety
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. precautions in Section 6.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1214 − 02 (2009)
TABLE 1 Minimum Test Time
8.2 Evacuate air until the internal air pressure of the
Nominal Nominal sewerline is lowered by approximately 8 in. of mercury. Close
T (Time), T (Time),
Pipe Pipe
the valve on the vacuum line and shut off the vacuum pump.
min/100 ft min/100 ft
Size, in. Size, in.
Allow the air pressure to stabilize.
4 0.3 21 3.0
6 0.7 24 3.6
8.3 When the pressure has stabilized and is at or below the
8 1.2 27 4.2
starting test vacuum of 7 in. of mercury, commence the test by
10 1.5 30 4.8
12 1.8 33 5.4
allowing the gage pressure to drop to 7 in. of mercury, at which
15 2.1 36 6.0
pointthetimerecordingisinitiated.Recordthedropinvacuum
18 2.4
for the test period.
8.4 If the drop in vacuum is 2 in. of mercury or less during
8. Procedure
the test period, accept the line. If the drop in vacuum is more
8.1 Determine the test time for the sewerline to be tested by
than 2 in. of mercury during the test period, inspect, evaluate,
using Table 1. Table 1 has been established using the criteria
and retest the line to determine the cause of excessive vacuum
specified in Table 2 and the formulas contained in the Appen-
loss.
dixes.The test time is the time required for the vacuum to drop
8.5 Use or failure of this vacuum test shall not preclude
from 7 to 5 in. of mercury.
acceptance by appropriate low-pressure air (see Practice
NOTE 5—
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C1214–94 (Reapproved 2000) Designation:C1214–02 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Concrete Pipe Sewerlines by Negative Air Pressure
(Vacuum) Test Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1214; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers procedures for testing concrete pipe sewerlines, when using the negative air pressure (vacuum) test
method to demonstrate the integrity of the installed material and the construction procedures. This test method covers testing of
4 to 36-in. diameter circular concrete pipe sewerlines utilizing gasketed joints. 1.2Methods described in
NOTE 1—The user of this test method is advised that methods described herein may also be used as a preliminary test to enable the manufacturer or
installer to demonstrate the condition of sewer pipe prior to delivery or backfill. Minimum test times presented inTable 1 are for pipelines. Holding times
for testing an individual pipe may have to be increased to allow for the accumulation of leakage when the tested pipe are incorporated into a continuous
pipeline.
1.3A complete metric companion to Test Method C1214 has been developed—C1214M; therefore, no metric equivalents are
presented in this test method.
NOTE1—The 2—The user of this test method is advised that the negative air pressure (vacuum) test criteria presented in this test method are similar
to those in general use. The test and criteria have been used widely and successfully in testing smaller diameter pipe. Larger pipe maywill be accepted
more conveniently by visual inspection and individual joint testing.
NOTE2—It should be understood that no correlation has been found between loss of vacuum and water leakage.
1.4 3—The user of this test method is advised that no correlation has been found between loss of vacuum and water leakage.
1.2 This test method is the inch-pound companion to Test Method C 1214M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the
test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. See Section 6 for specific safety precautions.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C 822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C 924 Practice for Testing Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines by Low-Pressure Air Test Method
C 969 Practice for Infiltration and Exfiltration Acceptance Testing of Installed Precast Concrete Pipe Sewer Lines
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C 822.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sewerline to be tested is plugged. Air is removed from the plugged line by a vacuum pump or vacuum reservoir. The
amount of vacuum loss is used to determine the acceptability of the sewerline.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This is not a routine test. The values recorded are applicable only to the sewer being tested and at the time of testing.
6. Safety Precautions
6.1This test may be dangerous if a line is not prepared properly and proper procedures are not followed.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.09 on Methods of Test.
´1
Current edition approved July 15, 1994. Published September 1994. Originally published as C1214–92. Last previous edition C1214–92 .
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published July 2009. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as C 1214 – 02.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 04.05.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C1214–02 (2009)
TABLE 1 Minimum Test Time
Nominal Nominal
T (Time), T (Time),
Pipe Pipe
min/100 ft min/100 ft
Size, in. Size, in.
4 0.3 21 3.0
6 0.7 24 3.6
8 1.2 27 4.2
10 1.5 30 4.8
12 1.8 33 5.4
15 2.1 36 6.0
18 2.4
6.1 Warning—The user of this test method is advised that this test may be dangerous if a line is not prepared properly and
proper procedures are not followed.
6.2 Access manholes or structures must be ventilated and air quality continuously monitored.
6.3 No one shouldshall be allowed in or near the manholes during testing.
7. Preparation of the Sewerline
7.1 Where practical, clean the line prior to testing, wet the pipe surface, and eliminate debris.
NOTE3—A 4—The user of this test method is advised that a wetted exterior pipe surface is desirable and will produce more consistent test results.Air
may pass through the walls of dry pipe. This can be overcome by wetting the pipe. Usually, moisture absorbed from the backfill is sufficient to cope with
this situation. If the problem persists, segmental testing of the line will establish if there is a significant leak.
7.2 Plug all pipe outlets including laterals. Review safety precautions in Section 6.
8. Procedure
8.1 Determine the test time for the sewerline to be tested by using Table 1. Table 1 has been established using the criteria
specified in Table 2 and the formulas contained in theAppendixes. The test time is the time required for the vacuum to drop from
7 to 5 in. of mercury.
NOTE4—To 5—To provide satisfactory test results, the vacuum pump shouldshall be capable of evacuating the sewer test section in the required test
time, or less, as determined by 8.1.The pump capacity required to accomplish the evacuation of the line is equal to the rate necessary to reduce the sewer
to the desired pressure plus the allowable vacuum loss rate:
C 5 0.17D L/T 1 Q (1)
where:
C = vacuu
...
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