ASTM E776-87(2009)

Standard Test Method for Forms of Chlorine in Refuse-Derived Fuel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The standard is available to producers and users of RDF for determining the content and forms of chlorine present in the fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the forms of chlorine in refuse-derived fuel-three (RDF): total chlorine, water-soluble chloride, and water-insoluble chlorine.
1.2 This test method may be applicable to any waste material from which a laboratory analysis sample can be prepared.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precaution statements see Section 6 and 11.2.1.
FIG. 1 Graph From a Potentiometric Titration of Chloride

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2009
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.03 - Treatment, Recovery and Reuse

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E776-87(2004) - Standard Test Method for Forms of Chlorine in Refuse-Derived Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E776 − 87(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
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Forms of Chlorine in Refuse-Derived Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E776; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 refuse-derived fuels—solid forms of refuse-derived
fuels from which appropriate analytical samples may be
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the forms
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prepared are defined as follows in ASTM STP 832:
of chlorine in refuse-derived fuel-three (RDF): total chlorine,
RDF-1—Wastes used as a fuel in as-discarded form with
water-soluble chloride, and water-insoluble chlorine.
only bulky wastes removed.
1.2 This test method may be applicable to any waste
RDF-2—Wastes processed to coarse particle size with or
material from which a laboratory analysis sample can be
without ferrous metal separation.
prepared.
RDF-3—Combustible waste fraction processed to particle
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as sizes, 95 % passing 2-in. square screening.
RDF-4—Combustible waste fraction processed into powder
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. form, 95 % passing 10-mesh screening.
RDF-5—Combustible waste fraction densified (compressed)
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
into the form of pellets, slugs, cubettes, or briquettes.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.2 total chlorine—all chlorine as determined in the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- refuse-derived fuel.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3.1.3 water-insoluble chlorine—water-insoluble chlorides
precaution statements see Section 6 and 11.2.1.
and chlorine in the refuse-derived fuel.
3.1.4 water-soluble chloride—those chlorides which are
2. Referenced Documents
water-solubilized by water extraction as determined in the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
refuse-derived fuel.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E144 Practice for Safe Use of Oxygen Combustion Bombs
4. Summary of Test Method
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
4.1 The forms of chloride and chlorine are determined. The
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
various procedures in the method convert the forms of chlorine
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cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
into a water-soluble chloride form that can be quantitated by
E287 Specification for Laboratory Glass Graduated Burets
titration.
E711 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse-
4.1.1 Total Chlorine—The sample is combusted in an oxy-
Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter (Withdrawn
gen atmosphere. The chlorine is converted to chloride and
3
2011)
absorbed in an alkaline solution.
E829 Practice for Preparing Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF)
4.1.2 Water-Soluble Chlorides—A portion of the analysis
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Laboratory Samples for Analysis (Withdrawn 2002)
sample is successively extracted with hot chloride-free water.
4.1.3 Water-Insoluble Chlorine—Water-insoluble chlorine
3. Terminology
is calculated from the results of the total chlorine and the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
water-soluble chloride determination where:
water 2 insoluble chlorine 5 total chlorine 2 water 2 soluble chlorides
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
(1)
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment,
Recovery and Reuse.
4.2 The chlorides contained in the alkaline solution (4.1.1)
Current edition approved July 1, 2009. Published August 2009. Originally
and the extraction solution (4.1.2) are determined by potentio-
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E 776 – 87 (2004).
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
metric (see Section 13) or modified Volhard titration (see
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Section 14).
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Thesaurus on Resource Recovery Terminology, ASTM STP 832, ASTM, 1983,
www.astm.org. p. 72.
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E776 − 87 (2009)
FIG. 1 Graph From a Potentiometric Titration of Chloride
5. Significance and Use excess of sulfide is easily removed by gently boiling the acid
solution for a few minutes. S
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