ASTM D1831-00
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
Standard Test Method for Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricating greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units for the apparatus dimensions are to be regarded as standard; the SI conversions are provided for information only. All other values stated in SI units are standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 1831 – 00 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
1
Roll Stability of Lubricating Grease
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope to form the product’s structure.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The thickener can be fibers (such as
1.1 This test method covers determination of the changes in
various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain
the consistency, as measured by cone penetration, of lubricat-
non-soap thickeners) which are insoluble or, at the most, only
ing greases when worked in the roll stability test apparatus.
very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units for the apparatus
requirements are that the solid particles be extremely small,
dimensions are to be regarded as standard; the SI conversions
uniformly dispersed, and capable of forming a relatively stable,
are provided for information only. All other values stated in SI
gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant. D 217
units are standard.
3.1.4 consistency, n—of lubricating grease, the degree of
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
resistance to movement under stress.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4.1 Discussion—The term consistency is used some-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
what synonymously with penetration. Generally, consistency
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
refers to the worked penetration of a grease. D 217
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.5 penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the depth that
2. Referenced Documents
the standard cone, when released to fall under its own weight
for 5 s, enters the sample. D 217
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.6 working, n—of lubricating grease, the subjection of a
D 217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
2
sample to the shearing action of the standard grease worker.
Grease
D 217
D 1403 Test Method for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
3.1.7 worked penetration, n—of lubricating grease, the
Grease Using One-Quarter and One-Half Scale Cone
2
penetration at 25°C (77°F), without delay, of a sample after 60
Equipment
double strokes in a standard grease worker. D 217
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
3
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Products, and Lubricants
3.2.1 roll stability, n—of lubricating grease, the change in
3. Terminology
consistency of a sample after a specified amount of working in
a test apparatus utilizing a weighted roller inside a rotating
3.1 Definitions:
cylinder.
3.1.1 lubricating grease, n—a semi-fluid to solid product of
a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
4. Summary of Test Method
3.1.1.1 Discussion—The dispersion of the thickener forms a
4.1 The Test Method D 1403 cone penetration of an ap-
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
proximately 50-g aliquot of lubricating grease is determined.
surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients
The grease is then subjected to low shear at 20 to 35°C (68 to
imparting special properties are often included. D 217
95°F) for 2 h 6 5 min in a standard roll stability apparatus,
3.1.2 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
before the cone penetration is again measured. The difference
surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them.
between the cone penetration before working and the cone
D 4175
penetration after is used as a measure of the effect of low shear
3.1.3 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, a substance com-
working on grease consistency.
posed of finely divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant
5. Significance and Use
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
5.1 The roll stability test is widely used in specifications.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Test results are significant insofar as they can show a direc-
D02.G on Lubricating Grease.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2000. Published January 2001. Originally tional change in consistency that could occur in service. No
e1
published as D 1831 – 61T. Last previous edition D 1831 – 94 .
accurate correlation is established between the test results and
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
shear stability in actual service.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
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