ASTM A638/A638M-10(2018)e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
Standard Specification for Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot-finished or cold-finished precipitation hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. The mechanical properties of these alloys are developed by suitable solution treating and precipitation hardening treatments. Two grades of iron base alloy are covered; Grade 660 and Grade 662 (bars and forgings). The material shall meet the requirements as to stress rupture properties specified. The material shall conform to the chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical properties requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers hot-finished or cold-finished precipitation hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. The mechanical properties of these alloys are developed by suitable solution treating and precipitation hardening treatments.
1.2 Two grades of iron base alloy are covered. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and elevated temperature characteristics.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.4 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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´1
Designation: A638/A638M −10 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Specification for
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars,
Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA638/A638M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Revised Table 4 editorially in June 2018.
1. Scope* Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
2 A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-
1.1 This specification covers hot-finished or cold-finished
cal Analysis of Steel Products
precipitation hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and
E30 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Steel, Cast Iron,
forging stock for high-temperature service. The mechanical
Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
properties of these alloys are developed by suitable solution
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
treating and precipitation hardening treatments.
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
1.2 Twogradesofironbasealloyarecovered.Selectionwill
dependupondesign,serviceconditions,mechanicalproperties,
3. Ordering Information
and elevated temperature characteristics.
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
(metric)unitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandards;within
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The
limited to, the following:
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
therefore, each system must be used independent of the other.
3.1.2 Name of material (precipitation hardening iron base
Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-
superalloy),
formance with the specification.
3.1.3 Form (bars, forgings, and forging stock),
3.1.4 Dimensions (in the case of rough or finished forgings
1.4 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the
the order shall be accompanied by a print or drawing or
material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
otherwiseadequatelydescribedastotheshapeanddimension),
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.5 Grade designation (Table 1),
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.6 Condition (Section 5),
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.1.7 Finish (Section 3),
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.8 Mechanical requirements (Section 8),
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.9 ASTM designation, and
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.10 Special requirements.
2. Referenced Documents
4. General Requirements
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all
A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for
requirements of the current edition of Specification A484/
A484M shall apply. Failure to comply with the general
1 requirements of Specification A484/A484M constitutes non-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
conformance with this specification.
A01.17 on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published June 2018. Originally
5. Condition
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A638/A638M – 10.
DOI: 10.1520/A0638_A0638M-10R18E01.
5.1 The product forms covered in this specification may be
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
furnished in one of the following conditions:
cation SA-638 in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
A638/A638M − 10 (2018)
TABLE 1 Mechanical Property Requirements
A
Grade 660 Grade 662 (bars) Grade 662 (forgings)
B
Heat treatment solution + precipitation solution + precipitation solution + precipitation
harden harden harden
Tensile strength, min:
psi 130 000 130 000 125 000
[MPa] [895] [895] [860]
Yield strength (0.2 % offset), min:
psi 85 000 85 000 80 000
[MPa] [585] [585] [550]
Elongation in 4D min, % 15 15 15
Reduction of area min, % 18 18 18
Brinell hardness 248 min 248 min 248 min
A 2 2
The elongation of tensile specimens machined tangentially from near the center of large disk forgings over 50 in. [320 cm ] in cross section may be as low as 10 %.
The reduction of area may be as low as 12 %.
B
Refer to Table 3 of heat treatment.
TABLE 2 Stress-Rupture Requirements
A
Grade Heat Treatment Test Temperature Applied Stress During Stress- Minimum Minimum
B
Rupture Testing Hours Elongation, %
°F [°C] psi [MPa]
660 solution + precipitation harden 1200 [650] 65 000 [450] 23 3
662 solution + precipitation harden 1200 [650] 60 000 [415] 15 3
A
Refer to Table 3 for details of heat treatment.
B
Test specimens meeting minimum requirements may be overloaded to produce rupture in a reasonable and practical time period.
5.1.1 Hot-finished, 6.2 When a sample cut from the forging stock and heat
5.1.2 Solution treated (Grade 660 only—Type 1 or Type 2 treated as prescribed in T
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: A638/A638M − 10 A638/A638M − 10 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Specification for
Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Bars,
Forgings, and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A638/A638M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Revised Table 4 editorially in June 2018.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers hot-finished or cold-finished precipitation hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and
forging stock for high-temperature service. The mechanical properties of these alloys are developed by suitable solution treating
and precipitation hardening treatments.
1.2 Two grades of iron base alloy are covered. Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, mechanical properties,
and elevated temperature characteristics.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as standards; within the text
and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
must be used independent of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specification.
1.4 Unless the order specifies an “M” designation, the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A484/A484M Specification for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Bars, Billets, and Forgings
A751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron (Withdrawn 1995)
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
3. Ordering Information
3.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Such requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following:
3.1.1 Quantity (weight or number of pieces),
3.1.2 Name of material (precipitation hardening iron base superalloy),
3.1.3 Form (bars, forgings, and forging stock),
3.1.4 Dimensions (in the case of rough or finished forgings the order shall be accompanied by a print or drawing or otherwise
adequately described as to the shape and dimension),
3.1.5 Grade designation (Table 1),
3.1.6 Condition (Section 5),
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17
on Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel.
Current edition approved April 1, 2010June 1, 2018. Published April 2010June 2018. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20042010 as
A638/A638M – 00 (2004).A638/A638M – 10. DOI: 10.1520/A0638_A0638M-10.10.1520/A0638_A0638M-10R18E01.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-638 in Section II of that Code.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
A638/A638M − 10 (2018)
TABLE 1 Mechanical Property Requirements
A
Grade 660 Grade 662 (bars) Grade 662 (forgings)
B
Heat treatment solution + precipitation solution + precipitation solution + precipitation
harden harden harden
Tensile strength, min:
psi 130 000 130 000 125 000
[MPa] [895] [895] [860]
Yield strength (0.2 % offset), min:
psi 85 000 85 000 80 000
[MPa] [585] [585] [550]
Elongation in 4D min, % 15 15 15
Reduction of area min, % 18 18 18
Brinell hardness 248 min 248 min 248 min
A 2 2
The elongation of tensile specimens machined tangentially from near the center of large disk forgings over 50 in. [320 cm ] in cross section may be as low as 10 %.
The reduction of area may be as low as 12 %.
B
Refer to Table 3Table 3 of heat treatment.
3.1.7 Finish (Section 3),
3.1.8 Mechanical requirements (Section 8),
3.1.9 ASTM designation, and
3.1.10 Special requirements.
4. General Requirements
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all requirements of the current edition of Specification A484/A484M
shall apply. Failure to comply with the general requirements of Specification A484/A484M constitutes nonconformance with this
specification.
5. Condition
5.1 The product forms covered in this specification may be furnished in one of the following conditions:
5.1.1 Hot-finished,
5.1.2 Solution treated (Grade 660 only—Type 1 or Type 2 solution treatment as specified),
5.1.3 Solution and precipitation treated (Grade 660 only—Type 1 or Type 2 solution treatment as specified), or
5.1.4 Other as specified.
6. Heat Treatment
6.1 Samples cut from bars, forgings, or a sample forged from the forging stock shall conform to the mechanical properties of
Table 1 and Table 2 when heat treated as prescribed in Table 3.
6.2 When a sample cut from the forging stock and heat t
...
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