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ASTM C135-96(2009)e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water Immersion

Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water Immersion

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The true specific gravity of a material is the ratio of its true density, determined at a specific temperature, to the true density of water, determined at a specific temperature. Thus, the true specific gravity of a material is a primary property which is related to chemical and mineralogical composition.  
For refractory raw materials and products the true specific gravity is a useful value for: classification, detecting differences in chemical composition between supposedly like samples, indicating mineralogical phases or phase changes, calculating total porosity when the bulk density is known, and for any other test method which requires this value for the calculation of results.  
This test method is a primary standard method which is suitable for use in specifications, quality control, and research and development. It can also serve as a referee test method in purchasing contracts or agreements.  
Fundamental assumptions inherent in this test method are the following:  
The sample is representative of the material in general,  
The total sample has been reduced to the particle size specified,  
No impurity has been introduced during processing of the sample,  
The sample itself is not magnetic and all magnetic material introduced during processing of the sample has been removed,  
The material is not hydratable or reactive with water, and  
The test method has been conducted in a meticulous manner.  
Deviation from any of these assumptions negates the usefulness of the results.  
In interpreting the results of this test method it must be recognized that the specified sample particle size does not guarantee that all closed pores have been eliminated. The amount of residual closed pores may vary between materials or even between samples of the same or like materials, and the specified sample particle size is not the same as that specified for Test Method C 604. The values generated by this test method may, therefore, be close approximations rather tha...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of true specific gravity of refractory materials under prescribed conditions. It is not applicable to materials attacked by water.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception—The equipment used in this standard for weights and volumes is only available in SI units.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
28-Feb-2009
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C08 - Refractories
Drafting Committee
C08.03 - Physical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM C135-96(2009)e1 - Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water ImmersionASTM C135-96(2009)e1 - Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water Immersion
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ASTM C135-96(2009)e1 - Standard Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water Immersion
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:C135 −96(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
True Specific Gravity of Refractory Materials by Water
Immersion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C135; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
´ NOTE—Paragraph 1.2 was updated and 1.2.1 added in April 2009.
1. Scope the true specific gravity of a material is a primary property
which is related to chemical and mineralogical composition.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of true
specific gravity of refractory materials under prescribed con-
3.2 For refractory raw materials and products the true
ditions. It is not applicable to materials attacked by water.
specific gravity is a useful value for: classification, detecting
differences in chemical composition between supposedly like
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be
samples, indicating mineralogical phases or phase changes,
regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are
calculating total porosity when the bulk density is known, and
mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for
for any other test method which requires this value for the
information only and are not considered standard.
calculation of results.
1.2.1 Exception—The equipment used in this standard for
weights and volumes is only available in SI units.
3.3 This test method is a primary standard method which is
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the suitable for use in specifications, quality control, and research
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the and development. It can also serve as a referee test method in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- purchasing contracts or agreements.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.4 Fundamental assumptions inherent in this test method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
are the following:
3.4.1 Thesampleisrepresentativeofthematerialingeneral,
2. Referenced Documents
3.4.2 The total sample has been reduced to the particle size
2.1 ASTM Standards:
specified,
C604 Test Method for True Specific Gravity of Refractory
3.4.3 No impurity has been introduced during processing of
Materials by Gas-Comparison Pycnometer
the sample,
D153 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Pigments
3.4.4 The sample itself is not magnetic and all magnetic
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
material introduced during processing of the sample has been
Sieves
removed,
3.4.5 The material is not hydratable or reactive with water,
3. Significance and Use
and
3.1 The true specific gravity of a material is the ratio of its
3.4.6 The test method has been conducted in a meticulous
true density, determined at a specific temperature, to the true
manner.
density of water, determined at a specific temperature. Thus,
3.4.7 Deviation from any of these assumptions negates the
usefulness of the results.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee C08 on
3.5 In interpreting the results of this test method it must be
Refractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.03 on Physical
recognized that the specified sample particle size does not
Properties.
guarantee that all closed pores have been eliminated. The
Current edition approved March 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally
amount of residual closed pores may vary between materials or
approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C135 – 96 (2003).
DOI: 10.1520/C0135-96R09E01.
even between samples of the same or like materials, and the
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
specified sample particle size is not the same as that specified
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
for Test Method C604. The values generated by this test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. method may, therefore, be close approximations rather than
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
C135−96 (2009)
accurate representations of true specific gravities. Thus, com- (16 and 24°C) and should not vary more than 0.5°F (0.3°C)
parisons of results should only be judiciously made between during the test, and again weigh, recording the weight as W .
likematerialstestedbythistestmethodorwithfullrecognition In filling the pycnometer, there should be an overflow of water
of potentially inherent differences between the materials being through the capillary when the thermometer (stopper) is
compared or the test method used. inserted. Wipe the excess water from the tip in such a manner
as not to withdraw any water from the capillary. Place the cap
4. Apparatus
on the capillary tube, thoroughly dry any water adhering to the
4.1 Analytical Balance, accurate to 0.1 mg. outside of the pycnometer, and weigh a
...

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