ASTM D558-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Moisture-Density (Unit Weight) Relations of Soil-Cement Mixtures
Standard Test Methods for Moisture-Density (Unit Weight) Relations of Soil-Cement Mixtures
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These tests determine the optimum water content and maximum density (unit weight) to be used for molding soil-cement specimens in accordance with Test Methods D559 and D560.
Note 1—Since these tests are used in conjunction with Test Methods D559 and D560 and the criteria referenced therein, the test differs in several aspects from Test Method D698. There are three main differences between this standard and Test Method D698. Firstly, this standard allows a maximum particle size of ¾-in. (19.0 mm) for a 4-in. (101.6-mm) mold while Test Method D698 allows a maximum particle size of 3/8-in. (9.5-mm) for the same size mold. Secondly, this standard permits the material leftover after the water content specimen has been obtained to be mixed with the rest of the sample and reused for the next determination. Test Method D698 does not permit the material to be reused. Thirdly, this standard allows the material that is retained on the ¾-in. (19.0-mm) and passing the 3-in. (75-mm) to be discarded (scalping technique) and replaced with an equal mass of material that passes the ¾ -in. (19.0-mm) sieve and is retained on the No.4 (4.75-mm) sieve. Test Method D698 does not permit the scalp and replacement technique.
Note 2—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the relationship between the water content and the density of soil-cement mixtures when compacted before cement hydration as prescribed.
1.2 A 1/30-ft 3 (944-cm3) mold and a 5.50-lbf (24.5-N or mass of 2.49-kg) rammer dropped from a height of 12.0 in. (30.5 cm) are used and two methods, depending on soil gradation, are covered, as follows:
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D558 − 11
Standard Test Methods for
Moisture-Density (Unit Weight) Relations of Soil-Cement
1
Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D558; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two
separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine
relationship between the water content and the density of
the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single
soil-cement mixtures when compacted before cement hydra-
standard. As stated in 1.4.2, this standard includes the gravita-
tion as prescribed.
tional system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the
3 3
1
1.2 A ⁄30-ft (944-cm )moldanda5.50-lbf(24.5-Normass
slug unit for mass. However, the use of balances or scales
3
of2.49-kg)rammerdroppedfromaheightof12.0in.(30.5cm)
recording pounds of mass (lbm) or recording density in lbm/ft
are used and two methods, depending on soil gradation, are
shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
covered, as follows:
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Sections
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Test Method A, using soil material passing a No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
This method shall be used when 100 % of the soil sample passes the
No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve 7
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3
Test Method B, using soil material passing a ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
This method shall be used when part of the soil sample is retained on
the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. This test method may be used only on 8
3
2. Referenced Documents
materials with 30 % or less retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve
2
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
Practice D6026.
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
D559 Test Methods for Wetting and Drying Compacted
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3
Soil-Cement Mixtures (Withdrawn 2012)
as standard, except as noted below. The values given in
D560 Test Methods for Freezing and Thawing Compacted
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are
3
Soil-Cement Mixtures (Withdrawn 2012)
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used
Fluids
when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
(lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass
3
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft (600
is slugs.
3
kN-m/m ))
1.4.2 The slug unit of mass is almost never used in
D2168 Practices for Calibration of Laboratory Mechanical-
commercialpractice(density,scales,balances,etc.).Therefore,
Rammer Soil Compactors
the standard unit for mass in this standard is either kilogram
D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water
(kg) or gram (g) or both. Also, the equivalent inch-pound unit
(Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass
(slug) is not given.
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
1.4.3 It is common practice in the engineering/construction
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
With Admixtures. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D558–03. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D0558-11. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 B
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D558–04 Designation: D558 – 11
Standard Test Methods for
Moisture-Density (Unit Weight) Relations of Soil-Cement
1
Mixtures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D558; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the relationship between the water content and the density of soil-cement
mixtures when compacted before cement hydration as prescribed.
3 3
1
1.2 A ⁄30-ft (944-cm ) mold and a 5.50-lbf (24.5-N or mass of 2.49-kg) rammer dropped from a height of 12.0 in. (30.5 cm)
are used and two methods, depending on soil gradation, are covered, as follows:
Sections
Test Method A, using soil material passing a No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve.
This method shall be used when 100 % of the soil sample passes the
No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve 7
3
Test Method B, using soil material passing a ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve.
This method shall be used when part of the soil sample is retained on
the No. 4 (4.75-mm) sieve. This test method may be used only on ma- 8
3
terials with 30 % or less retained on the ⁄4-in. (19.0-mm) sieve
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard, except as noted below. The values given in
parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, andunits that are provided for information only and are not considered
standard.
1.4.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf)
represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs.
1.4.2 The slug unit of mass is almost never used in commercial practice (density, scales, balances, etc.). Therefore, the standard
unit for mass in this standard is either kilogram (kg) or gram (g) or both.Also, the equivalent inch-pound unit (slug) is not given.
1.4.3 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of
mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This implicitly combines two separate systems of units; that is, the absolute system and the
gravitational system. It is scientifically undesirable to combine the use of two separate sets of inch-pound units within a single
standard. As stated in 1.4.2, this standard includes the gravitational system of inch-pound units and does not use/present the slug
3
unit for mass. However, the use of balances or scales recording pounds of mass (lbm) or recording density in lbm/ft shall not be
regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
D559 Test Methods for Wetting and Drying Compacted Soil-Cement Mixtures
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.15 on Stabilization of
Additives.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. Originally approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D558 –03. DOI:
10.1520/D0558-04.on Stabilization With Admixtures.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally approved in 1938. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D558–03. DOI:
10.1520/D0558-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D558 – 11
D560 Test Methods for Freezing and Thawing Compacted Soil-C
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.