ASTM D3434-00(2006)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Multiple-Cycle Accelerated Aging Test (Automatic Boil Test) for Exterior Wet Use Wood Adhesives
Standard Test Method for Multiple-Cycle Accelerated Aging Test (Automatic Boil Test) for Exterior Wet Use Wood Adhesives
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended to differentiate between the exterior durability of two or more adhesives. At present, this is done by comparing the adhesives as described in 4.5 and 4.6 rather than by assigning absolute numerical values for durability performance.
The test method as described is for comparing potential long-term durability rather than for use as a quality control procedure. This makes it suitable for research, adhesive evaluation, process evaluation, and product design. A modification could be made, that is, shorten the number of cycles used so the test method would be suitable for quality control in production mills. The results obtained for a particular adhesive can be used to show how many cycles are required for a mill quality control test of that adhesive.
The test method assumes that boil/dry cycling is an adequate and useful accelerated aging technique. Evaluation of long-term durability of adhesives in wood joints under severe service conditions, including extended exterior exposure, is a complex field, and no entirely reliable short-term test is known to ensure that a new type of adhesive system will satisfactorily resist all of the chemical, moisture, microorganism, and solvent effects that such severe service may involve. Except for effects of microorganisms and other similar biological influences, this test method has proven very useful for comparison purposes to distinguish between adhesive systems of different degree of durability to the usual temperature, moisture, and cyclic moisture conditions. It has proven very useful to distinguish between bondlines, made with adhesives of proven chemical and biological durability, that were properly used in production to resist the mechanical and moisture effects that such joints must withstand in severe service over extended periods of exposure. It does not, in itself, assure that new types of adhesives will always withstand actual exterior or other severe service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for testing the durability of wood adhesives that may be suitable for exterior (wet use) exposure conditions. The possible use of adhesives suitable for evaluation includes, but is not limited to those used for laminating large members, manufacturing plywood, or fabricating wood joints such as finger or scarf joints. This practice is not suitable for interior type glues.
1.2 The test does not evaluate for any biological effects.
1.3 The test subjects specimens to a large number of alternate boil/dry cycles.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D3434 − 00 (Reapproved 2006)
StandardTest Method for
Multiple-Cycle Accelerated Aging Test (Automatic Boil Test)
for Exterior Wet Use Wood Adhesives
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3434; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,With
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for testing the
Lot or Process
durability of wood adhesives that may be suitable for exterior
(wet use) exposure conditions. The possible use of adhesives
3. Terminology
suitable for evaluation includes, but is not limited to those used
for laminating large members, manufacturing plywood, or 3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms in this test method
may be found in Terminology D907.
fabricating wood joints such as finger or scarf joints. This
2,3
practice is not suitable for interior type glues.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.2 The test does not evaluate for any biological effects.
4.1 The lumber is selected, adhesive obtained, and test
1.3 The test subjects specimens to a large number of
specimens prepared.
alternate boil/dry cycles.
4.2 The specimens are subjected to the required number of
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
boil/dry cycles.
standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are provided for
4.3 The specimens are withdrawn from the test at the
information only.
required periodic intervals.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.4 The designated number of specimens are tested in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tensile shear at the end of the specified number of boil/dry
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
cycles.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.5 Plotshearstrength,kPa(psi),orpercentofwoodfailure,
or both, versus the number of boil/dry cycles to which the
2. Referenced Documents
specimens have been subjected.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.6 Thegraphiscomparedforthetestadhesives.Becauseof
D906 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in
the variables occurring in wood, a known performance adhe-
Plywood Type Construction in Shear by Tension Loading
sive control should be run for each test set being evaluated.
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
D2339 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in
5. Significance and Use
Two-Ply Wood Construction in Shear by Tension Loading
5.1 This test method is intended to differentiate between the
D4422 Test Method for Ash in Analysis of Petroleum Coke
exterior durability of two or more adhesives.At present, this is
done by comparing the adhesives as described in 4.5 and 4.6
1 rather than by assigning absolute numerical values for dura-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood
bility performance.
Adhesives.
5.2 The test method as described is for comparing potential
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2006. Published October 2006. Originally
approved in 1975. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D3434 – 00. DOI:
long-term durability rather than for use as a quality control
10.1520/D3434-00R06.
procedure. This makes it suitable for research, adhesive
Walser and Colbeck, “Bond-Degrade Accelerating Machine Helps Predict
evaluation, process evaluation, and product design. A modifi-
Bond Life,” Adhesives Age, Vol 10(11), November 1967, pp. 33–35.
cation could be made, that is, shorten the number of cycles
Kreibich and Freeman, “Development and Design of an Accelerated Boil
Machine,” Forest Products Journal, Vol 18, No. 12, December 1968.
used so the test method would be suitable for quality control in
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
production mills. The results obtained for a particular adhesive
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
can be used to show how many cycles are required for a mill
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. quality control test of that adhesive.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D3434 − 00 (Reapproved 2006)
5.3 The test method assumes that boil/dry cycling is an 7.1.1 For Lumber Laminating Adhesives—Condition the
adequate and useful accelerated aging technique. Evaluation of wood at 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F) and a relative humidity of 50
long-term durability of adhesives in wood joints under severe to70 %(preferably65 %)untilamoisturecontentof8to14 %
service conditions, including extended exterior exposure, is a (preferably 9 to 12 %) has been attained. Freshly surface both
complex field, and no entirely reliable short-term test is known sides of each lamination before bonding with 6.3 6 0.25-mm
to ensure that a new type of adhesive system will satisfactorily (0.25 6 0.01-in) thick lumber. Since adhesives join materials
resistallofthechemical,moisture,microorganism,andsolvent by surface attachment, care must be taken to ensure a uniform
effects that such severe service may involve. Except for effects reproducible surface representative of actual construction.
of microorganisms and other similar biological influences, this Typical surfaces include sawed, planed, sanded, and skived.
test method has proven very useful for comparison purposes to Detailed surface preparation procedures used must be included
distinguish between adhesive systems of different degree of in the report (see 10.1).
durability to the usual temperature, moisture, and cyclic 7.1.1.1 Specimen moisture content (MC) conditions called
moisture conditions. It has proven very useful to distinguish for in this test method should be checked in accordance with
between bondlines, made with adhesives of proven chemical Test Methods D4422.
and biological durability, that were properly used in production
7.1.2 For Plywood Adhesives—Prepare the test specimen in
to resist the mechanical and moisture effects that such joints
accordance with Test Method D906.
must withstand in severe service over extended periods of
7.1.3 Miscellaneous Specimens—Other wood joints, such as
exposure. It does not, in itself, assure that new types of
finger or scarf joints, or other wood-based materials, such as
adhesives will always withstand actual exterior or other severe
particleboard, hardboard, or insulating board, may also be
service.
evaluated.
7.2 Adhesive—Store the adhesive or its components at the
6. Apparatus
manufacturer’s recommended conditions.
6.1 Due to the large number of boil/dry cycles involved, an
7.3 Bonding Procedure:
automated piece of test equipment is required. A schematic
7.3.1 It has been found convenient to fabricate large two-
diagram of one system found suitable is shown in Fig. 1;a
and three-ply blocks, which are subsequently cut into a number
photographinFig.2.Theequipmentsh
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