ASTM F2207-06(2023)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Cured-in-Place Pipe Lining System for Rehabilitation of Metallic Gas Pipe
Standard Specification for Cured-in-Place Pipe Lining System for Rehabilitation of Metallic Gas Pipe
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements and test procedures for materials, dimensions, hydrostatic burst strength, chemical resistance, peeling strength, adhesion strength, and tensile strength properties for cured-in-place (CIP) pipe liners installed into existing metallic gas pipes for rehabilitation purposes. These cured-in-place pipe liners are intended for use in pipelines that transport natural gas, petroleum fuels (propane-air and propanebutane vapor mixtures), and manufactured and mixed gases, where resistance to gas permeation, ground movement, internal corrosion, leaking joints, pinholes, and chemical attack are required. The materials, which shall be considered separately for testing, consist of the flexible tubing, jacket, elastomer skin, and adhesive system.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements and method of testing for materials, dimensions, hydrostatic burst strength, chemical resistance, adhesion strength and tensile strength properties for cured-in-place (CIP) pipe liners installed into existing metallic gas pipes, 3/4 to 48 in. nominal pipe size, for renewal purposes. The maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) of such renewed gas pipe shall not exceed a pressure of 300 psig (2060 kPa). The cured-in-place pipe liners covered by this specification are intended for use in pipelines transporting natural gas, petroleum fuels (propane-air and propane-butane vapor mixtures), and manufactured and mixed gases, where resistance to gas permeation, ground movement, internal corrosion, leaking joints, pinholes, and chemical attack are required.
1.2 The medium pressure (up to 100 psig) cured-in-place pipe liners (Section A) covered by this specification are intended for use in existing structurally sound or partially deteriorated metallic gas pipe as defined in 3.2.10. The high pressure (over 100 psig up to 300 psig) cured-in-place pipe liners (Section B) covered by this specification are intended for use only in existing structurally sound steel gas pipe as defined in 3.2.10. CIP liners are installed with limited excavation using an inversion method (air or water) and are considered to be a trenchless pipeline rehabilitation technology. The inverted liner is bonded to the inside wall of the host pipe using a compatible adhesive (usually an adhesive or polyurethane) in order to prevent gas migration between the host pipe wall and the CIP liner and, also, to keep the liner from collapsing under its own weight.
1.2.1 Continued growth of external corrosion, if undetected and unmitigated, could result in loss of the host pipe structural integrity to such an extent that the liner becomes the sole pressure bearing element in the rehabilitated pipeline structure. The CIP liner is not intended to be a stand-alone pipe and relies on the structural strength of the host pipe. The operator must maintain the structural integrity of the host pipe so that the liner does not become free standing.
1.3 MPL CIP liners (Section A) can be installed in partially deteriorated pipe as defined in 3.2.10. Even for low pressure gas distribution systems, which typically operate at less than 1 psig, MPL CIP liners are not intended for use as a stand-alone gas carrier pipe but rely on the structural integrity of the host pipe. Therefore, the safe use of cured-in-place pipe lining technology for the rehabilitation of existing cast iron, steel, or other metallic gas piping systems, operating at pressures up to 100 psig, is contingent on a technical assessment of the projected operating condition of the pipe for the expected 30 to 50 year life of the CIP liner. Cured-in-place pipe liners are intended to repair/rehabilitate structurally sound pipelines having relatively small, localized defects such as localized corrosion, welds that are weaker than required for service, or loose joints (cast iron pipe), where leaks might occur.
1.3.1 HPL CIP liners (Section B) are intended for use only in existing st...
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2207 − 06 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Cured-in-Place Pipe Lining System for Rehabilitation of
Metallic Gas Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2207; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope maintain the structural integrity of the host pipe so that the liner
does not become free standing.
1.1 This specification covers requirements and method of
testing for materials, dimensions, hydrostatic burst strength,
1.3 MPL CIP liners (Section A) can be installed in partially
chemical resistance, adhesion strength and tensile strength
deteriorated pipe as defined in 3.2.10. Even for low pressure
properties for cured-in-place (CIP) pipe liners installed into
gas distribution systems, which typically operate at less than 1
existing metallic gas pipes, ⁄4 to 48 in. nominal pipe size, for
psig, MPL CIP liners are not intended for use as a stand-alone
renewal purposes. The maximum allowable operating pressure
gas carrier pipe but rely on the structural integrity of the host
(MAOP) of such renewed gas pipe shall not exceed a pressure
pipe. Therefore, the safe use of cured-in-place pipe lining
of 300 psig (2060 kPa). The cured-in-place pipe liners covered
technology for the rehabilitation of existing cast iron, steel, or
by this specification are intended for use in pipelines transport-
other metallic gas piping systems, operating at pressures up to
ing natural gas, petroleum fuels (propane-air and propane-
100 psig, is contingent on a technical assessment of the
butane vapor mixtures), and manufactured and mixed gases,
projected operating condition of the pipe for the expected 30 to
where resistance to gas permeation, ground movement, internal
50 year life of the CIP liner. Cured-in-place pipe liners are
corrosion, leaking joints, pinholes, and chemical attack are
intended to repair/rehabilitate structurally sound pipelines
required.
having relatively small, localized defects such as localized
1.2 The medium pressure (up to 100 psig) cured-in-place
corrosion, welds that are weaker than required for service, or
pipe liners (Section A) covered by this specification are
loose joints (cast iron pipe), where leaks might occur.
intended for use in existing structurally sound or partially
1.3.1 HPL CIP liners (Section B) are intended for use only
deteriorated metallic gas pipe as defined in 3.2.10. The high
in existing structurally sound steel gas pipe as defined in
pressure (over 100 psig up to 300 psig) cured-in-place pipe
3.2.10. HPL CIP liners are not intended for use as a stand-alone
liners (Section B) covered by this specification are intended for
gas carrier pipe but rely on the structural integrity of the host
use only in existing structurally sound steel gas pipe as defined
pipe. Therefore, the safe use of cured-in-place pipe lining
in 3.2.10. CIP liners are installed with limited excavation using
technology for the rehabilitation of existing steel gas piping
an inversion method (air or water) and are considered to be a
systems, operating at pressures up to 300 psig, is contingent on
trenchless pipeline rehabilitation technology. The inverted liner
a technical assessment of the projected operating condition of
is bonded to the inside wall of the host pipe using a compatible
the pipe for the expected 30 to 50 year life of the CIP liner.
adhesive (usually an adhesive or polyurethane) in order to
prevent gas migration between the host pipe wall and the CIP
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
liner and, also, to keep the liner from collapsing under its own
as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
weight.
standard.
1.2.1 Continued growth of external corrosion, if undetected
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and unmitigated, could result in loss of the host pipe structural
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
integrity to such an extent that the liner becomes the sole
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
pressure bearing element in the rehabilitated pipeline structure.
The CIP liner is not intended to be a stand-alone pipe and relies priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
on the structural strength of the host pipe. The operator must
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.60 on Gas.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Current edition approved July 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F2207 – 06 (2019). DOI:
10.1520/F2207-06R23. Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2207 − 06 (2023)
2. Referenced Documents 3.2.4 elastomer skin—the elastomer skin is a membrane,
2 typically made of polyurethane or polyester, allowing for both
2.1 ASTM Standards:
inversion of the liner during the installation process and
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
pressure tight in-service operation. When the flexible tubing is
D543 Practices for Evaluating the Resistance of Plastics to
inverted into the pipeline to be rehabilitated, the elastomer skin
Chemical Reagents
becomes the inside surface of the newly rehabilitated pipeline,
D763 Specification for Raw and Burnt Umber Pigments
directly exposed to the gas being transported.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
3.2.5 expansion ratio table—a table of measured diameters
D1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
of the flexible tubing at increments of pressure, supplied by the
Under Constant Internal Pressure
manufacturer. The expansion ratio is used to calculate the
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-
pressure required to fit the flexible tubing against the pipe wall
tics
and to determine the applicable range of pipe I.D. for a given
D1763 Specification for Epoxy Resins
diameter flexible tubing.
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hard-
ness 3.2.6 flexible tubing—the flexible tube is the tubing material
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis
inverted into the host pipe and is used to carry and distribute
for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis
the adhesive. For a two-component system, the flexible tubing
for Thermoplastic Pipe Products
consists of a cylindrical jacket coated with an elastomer skin.
D3167 Test Method for Floating Roller Peel Resistance of
For a three-component system, it is the same as the elastomer
Adhesives
skin.
D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
3.2.7 high-pressure liner (HPL)—a CIP liner only intended
D4814 Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine
for structurally sound steel pipe in sizes 4 in. and larger with an
Fuel
MAOP greater than 100 psig up to 300 psig. High pressure
D4848 Terminology Related to Force, Deformation and
liners (HPL) are only intended for steel pipe that has a
Related Properties of Textiles
maintained cathodic protection system with annual reads per
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
local codes, such as CFR 49 Part 192, and other mandated
Methods
maintenance, such as leak surveys. The PDB testing conducted
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
on high pressure liners is intended for the extreme case if holes
occur in the steel pipe that are not detected by the cathodic
2.2 Other Standards:
CFR 49 Part 192 protection maintenance system. Corrosion monitoring per CFR
49 Part 192 shall be conducted annually to track changes in
3. Terminology required readings and confirm there is no active corrosion
3.2.8 jacket—the jacket is a textile product that is manufac-
3.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with those set
tured into a cylindrical form. It is made of synthetic materials,
forth in Terminologies D123, D883, D4848, D4850, and F412.
typically polyester, and provides the tensile strength and
Abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600,
flexibility necessary to resist the specified sustained pressure
unless otherwise indicated.
when installed in partially deteriorated pipe as defined in
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.10.
3.2.1 adhesive system—the adhesive system is typically a
3.2.9 medium-pressure liner (MPL)—a CIP liner intended
two-part adhesive or polyurethane consisting of a resin and a
for all types of structurally sound or partly deteriorated metal
hardener. The flexible tubing, after wet-out, is inserted into the
pipes and for all applicable sizes of pipe with an MAOP of 100
pipeline to be rehabilitated using an inversion method. After
psig or less. MPL liners are relatively flexible.
the inversion is complete, the adhesive is cured using either
3.2.10 partially deteriorated metallic pipe—pipe that has
ambient or thermal processes.
either been weakened or is leaking because of localized
3.2.2 cleaned pipe—pipe whose inside wall, that which is
corrosion, welds that are weaker than required for service,
bonded to the CIP pipe liner, has been cleaned down to bare
deteriorated joints (cast iron), etc. Partially deteriorated pipe
metal and is free of tars, pipeline liquids, oils, corrosion
can support the soil and internal pressure throughout the design
by-products, and other materials that could impair the bonding
life of the composite except at the relatively small local points
of the liner to the pipe wall.
identified above.
3.2.3 composite—the composite is the combination of the
3.2.11 three-component system—a CIP pipe lining system
cured adhesive system, the elastomer skin, and the jacket.
comprised of three separate components, which are the elasto-
mer skin, the jacket, and the adhesive.
3.2.12 two-component system—a CIP pipe lining system
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
comprised of two separate components, which are the flexible
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
tube and the adhesive.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3.2.13 wet-out—the process of placing the adhesive system
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of
into the flexible tubing and uniformly distributing it prior to the
Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://
www.access.gpo.gov. inversion process.
F2207 − 06 (2023)
4. Materials flexible tubing, forms the composite. Either ambient or thermal
curing of the adhesive system may be used.
4.1 The materials shall consist of the flexible tubing, jacket,
and the adhesive system. The combination of materials used in
5. Requirements
both the flexible tubing and the adhesive system shall depend
5.1 Jacket and Elastomer Skin (Pre-Installation):
on the desired design characteristics of the composite. All
5.1.1 Workmanship—Both the jacket and the elastomer skin
materials shall be compatible for natural gas service. Because
shall be free from defects such as tears, bubbles, cracks, and
CIP pipe liners are both multi-component and multi-material
scratches that could cause the liner to not be able to hold
systems, it becomes necessary to specify minimum material
inversion and expansion pressures and, therefore, fail during
performance requirements for the liner composite rather than
installation. For two-component systems, the flexible tubing
specific material testing requirements for the individual com-
shall be rolled onto a reel designed to provide protection during
ponents. These requirements are outlined in Section 5.
shipping and handling. For three-component systems, the
4.1.1 Flexible Tubing—For a two-component system, the
elastomer skin shall be rolled onto reels designed to provide
flexible tubing consists of a jacket with an elastomer skin that
protection during shipping and handling. The jacket may either
functions as a gas barrier. For a three-component system, the
be rolled onto reels or folded into boxes.
elastomer skin is the flexible tubing. The elastomer skin in both
5.1.2 Dimensions—An expansion ratio table, as defined in
systems is typically made of polyurethane or polyester. The
3.2.5, including nominal size and length, shall be attached to
flexible tubing is fit tightly against the inner surface of the
each roll of flexible tubing or jacket and elastomer skin prior to
existing pipe by diametrical expansion using air or water
shipment from the manufacturer. All material dimensions and
pressure and bonded to the inner pipe wall with an adhesive.
physical properties must at least meet the minimum
4.1.2 Jacket—The jacket is made of polyester or other
specifications, requirements, or tolerances assumed in estab-
synthetic materials compatible with the application. The jacket
lishing the strength tests under Section 6.
provides the necessary strength to the composite to meet the
5.1.3 Chemical Resistance—The jacket and the elastomer
required design characteristics, for example, resistance to
skin materials shall be compatible with the liquids listed in
internal and external pressure, resistance to earth movement,
Table 1 and tested in accordance with Practice D543, Practice
and diametrical expandability.
A, Procedure I. Neither tensile strength nor elongation of any
4.1.3 Elastomer Skin—The elastomer skin holds the adhe-
of the components shall change more than 20 %. Weight of the
sive system inside the flexible tubing during the wet-out,
test specimen after testing shall not have increased by more
inversion, and curing. During the inversion and curing, the
than 14 % or decreased by more than 3 %. This test shall be a
elastomer skin holds the air, water, or steam pressure inside the
qualification test to be performed once for each class or
flexible tubing. When the flexible tubing is inverted into the
pressure rating of installed pipe liner.
existing pipe, the elastomer skin becomes the inside s
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