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ASTM D7189-12

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Relative Mileage of News Ink on Newsprint

Standard Test Method for Relative Mileage of News Ink on Newsprint

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Ink mileage on a production press is of economic importance of the user of printing inks, the lower the mileage figure, the less ink is required to produce a job. This test method provides a procedure by which news inks can be assessed for mileage or newsprint stocks for ink receptivity in the laboratory.  
5.2 Because of the many variables that exist among laboratory and production presses, this test method is apt to yield more meaningful information when results are expressed on a relative rather than an absolute basis.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory procedure for determining the relative mileage of news inks on newsprint. The test method utilizes a proofing press, analytical balance and a reflection densitometer.  
1.2 This test method is intended for black oil-based news inks that dry by penetration (that is, letterpress or web offset) and for which a suitable reference standard is available. With appropriate optical instrumentation, it is also applicable to colored news inks.  
1.3 This test method may also be used to determine the relative ink receptivity of test newsprints versus a reference standard.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This test method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-May-2012
ICS
87.080 - Inks. Printing inks
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.56 - Printing Inks
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7189-05 - Standard Test Method for Relative Mileage of News Ink on Newsprint
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012
Replaced By
ASTM D7189-12(2020) - Standard Test Method for Relative Mileage of News Ink on Newsprint
Effective Date
01-Jun-2020
Referred By
ASTM D7680-10(2020) - Standard Practice for Preparing Prints of Paste Printing Inks by a Motor-Driven Printability Tester
Effective Date
01-Jun-2012

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7189 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Relative Mileage of News Ink on Newsprint
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7189; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory procedure for 3.1 Definitions:
determining the relative mileage of news inks on newsprint. 3.1.1 ink mileage, n—weight per unit area of ink required to
2
The test method utilizes a proofing press, analytical balance achieve a given reflection density, laboratory units are g/m .
and a reflection densitometer.
3.1.2 ink receptivity, n—weight per unit area of ink required
to achieve a target reflection density when comparing different
1.2 This test method is intended for black oil-based news
2
newsprint stocks, units are g/m .
inks that dry by penetration (that is, letterpress or web offset)
and for which a suitable reference standard is available. With
3.1.3 news ink, n—a pigmented paste composition that is
appropriate optical instrumentation, it is also applicable to
applied to newsprint by printing machinery.
colored news inks.
3.1.4 newsprint, n—paper substrate made from wood pulp
1.3 This test method may also be used to determine the
used chiefly for printing newspapers.
relative ink receptivity of test newsprints versus a reference
3.1.5 reflection density, n—the light absorbing ability of a
standard.
material, expressed as the logarithm of the reciprocal of the
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the reflectance factor (that is, higher reflection density indicates
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information more light is absorbed).
only.
3.2 Symbols:
1.5 This test method does not purport to address all of the
A = weight of inked plate after printing, g
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
B = weight of inked plate before printing, g
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C = coverage (weight of ink) on the print, g
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
C = C required to achieve the target reflection density, g
T
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D = reflection density
2
M = mileage of an ink, or ink receptivity of a paper, g/m
2. Referenced Documents
2
S = printed area on the paper specimen, cm
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D528 Test Method for Machine Direction of Paper and
4. Summary of Test Method
3
Paperboard (Withdrawn 2010)
4.1 Laboratory prints of the test news ink on the designated
D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products
newsprint are made at various ink film weights giving reflec-
3
for Testing (Withdrawn 2010)
tion densities that span the target value.
D5039 Test Methods for Identification ofWire Side of Paper
3
4.2 The weight of ink on the print corresponding to the
(Withdrawn 2009)
target density is determined graphically or by regression
D7305 Test Method for Reflection Density of Printed Matter
2
analysis. The resulting value for mileage, expressed as g/m ,is
compared to that obtained with the reference news ink tested in
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint the identical fashion.
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
4.3 When the test method is used to compare different
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2012.PublishedJuly2012.Originallyapproved newsprint stocks with a reference newsprint, the relationship is
in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D7189 – 05. DOI: 10.1520/
called ink receptivity.
D7189-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5. Significance and Use
contactASTM Customer Service as service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
5.1 Ink mileage on a production press is of economic
the ASTM website.
3
importance of the user of printing inks, the lower the mileage
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. figure, the less ink is required to produce a job. This test
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7189 − 12
TABLE 1 Guidelines for Test Materials
method provides a procedure by which news inks can be
assessed for mileage or newsprint stocks for ink receptivity in Printability Size of Size of Surface area of Initial ink added to
Tester newsprint print distribution rollers
the lab
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7189 − 05 D7189 − 12
Standard Test Method for
1
Relative Mileage of News Ink on Newsprint
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7189; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory procedure for determining the relative mileage of news inks on newsprint. The test
method utilizes a proofing press, analytical balance and a reflection densitometer.
1.2 This test method is intended for black oil-based news inks that dry by penetration (that is, letterpress or web offset) and for
which a suitable reference standard is available. With appropriate optical instrumentation, it is also applicable to colored news inks.
1.3 This test method may also be used to determine the relative ink receptivity of test newsprints versus a reference standard.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This test method does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D528 Test Method for Machine Direction of Paper and Paperboard (Withdrawn 2010)
3
D685 Practice for Conditioning Paper and Paper Products for Testing (Withdrawn 2010)
3
D5039 Test Methods for Identification of Wire Side of Paper (Withdrawn 2009)
D7305 Test Method for Reflection Density of Printed Matter
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
2
3.1.1 ink mileage, n—weight per unit area of ink required to achieve a given opticalreflection density, laboratory units are g/m .
3.1.2 ink receptivity, n—weight per unit area of ink required to achieve a target opticalreflection density when comparing
2
different papernewsprint stocks, laboratory units are g/m .
3.1.3 news ink, n—a pigmented paste composition that is applied to newsprint by printing machinery.
3.1.4 newsprint, n—paper substrate made from wood pulp used chiefly for printing newspapers.
3.1.5 opticalreflection density, n—the light absorbing ability of a material, expressed as the logarithm of the reciprocal of the
reflectance factor (that is, higher opticalreflection density indicates more light is absorbed).
3.2 Symbols:
A = weight of inked plate after printing, g
B = weight of inked plate before printing, g
C = coverage (weight of ink) on the print, g
C = C required to achieve the target optical density, g
T
C = C required to achieve the target reflection density, g
T
D = optical density
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.56 on Printing Inks.
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published September 2005July 2012. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D7189DOI:
10.1520/D7189-05. – 05. DOI: 10.1520/D7189-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service as service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7189 − 12
D = reflection density
2
M = mileage of an ink, or ink receptivity of a paper, g/m
2
S = printed area on the paper specimen, cm
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Laboratory prints of the test news ink on the designated newsprint are made at various ink film weights giving
opticalreflection densities that span the target value.
4.2 The weight of ink on the print corresponding to the target density is determined graphically or by regression analysis. The
2
resulting value for mileage, expressed as g/m , is compared to that obtained with the reference news ink tested in the identical
fashion.
4.3 When the test method is used to compare different newsprint stocks with a reference newsprint, the relationship is called
ink receptivity.
5. Sig
...

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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the relative resistance of printed matter to liquid chemicals, as evidenced by lack of discoloration, bleeding, or loss of gloss.  
1.2 This practice utilizes a sandwich procedure similar in principle to ISO/TC 130 N 589. Spotting or immersion procedures are covered in Test Methods D1308, D1647, and D2248.  
1.3 This practice is applicable to prints on any flat substrate including paper, paperboard, metallic foil, metal plate, and plastic films, and produced by any printing process including letterpress, offset lithography, flexography, gravure, silk screen, and non-impact.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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