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ASTM C421-08(2014)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation

Standard Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Several test methods for measuring mass loss by abrasion and impact of preformed block-type and preformed pipe-covering-type thermal insulation have been used previously. It is believed that no single test method completely covers all factors involving such forces for different kinds of materials, but this test method is intended to provide a procedure that gives reproducible results. It is used for comparing the mass loss by tumbling before and after a specific treatment of the insulation, as agreed upon by the purchaser and the manufacturer.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the mass loss of preformed block-type and preformed pipe-covering-type thermal insulation as a result of a combination of abrasion and impact produced by a laboratory tumbling mechanism.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2014
ICS
27.220 - Heat recovery. Thermal insulation
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation
Drafting Committee
C16.32 - Mechanical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C421-08 - Standard Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Apr-2014
Replaced By
ASTM C421-08(2020) - Standard Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Mar-2020
Referred By
ASTM C447-15(2022) - Standard Practice for Estimating the Maximum Use Temperature of Thermal Insulations
Effective Date
01-Apr-2014
Referred By
ASTM C533-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Calcium Silicate Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Apr-2014
Referred By
ASTM F1015-21 - Standard Test Method for Relative Abrasiveness of Synthetic Turf Playing Surfaces
Effective Date
01-Apr-2014
Referred By
ASTM C1594-23 - Standard Specification for Polyimide Rigid Cellular Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Apr-2014
Referred By
ASTM C1482-23 - Standard Specification for Polyimide Flexible Cellular Thermal and Sound Absorbing Insulation
Effective Date
01-Apr-2014
Referred By
ASTM C610-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Molded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Apr-2014

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ASTM C421-08(2014) - Standard Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationASTM C421-08(2014) - Standard Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
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ASTM C421-08(2014) - Standard Test Method for Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
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Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C421 − 08 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Test Method for
Tumbling Friability of Preformed Block-Type and Preformed
Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C421; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope ously. It is believed that no single test method completely
covers all factors involving such forces for different kinds of
1.1 This test method covers determination of the mass loss
materials, but this test method is intended to provide a
of preformed block-type and preformed pipe-covering-type
procedure that gives reproducible results. It is used for com-
thermal insulation as a result of a combination of abrasion and
paring the mass loss by tumbling before and after a specific
impact produced by a laboratory tumbling mechanism.
treatment of the insulation, as agreed upon by the purchaser
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
and the manufacturer.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
5. Apparatus
and are not considered standard.
5.1 Box—A cubical box of oak wood, having inside dimen-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1 3 3
sions of 7 ⁄2 by 7 ⁄4 by 7 ⁄4 in. (190 by 197 by 197 mm),
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3 3
mounted rigidly at the center of one 7 ⁄4 by 7 ⁄4 in. (197 by 197
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mm) end, so that the axis normal to a face of the box is that of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a rotatable horizontal shaft. One side of the box shall be hinged
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
as a door and shall be gasketed to be dust-tight. The box shaft
shall be motor driven at a constant speed of 60 6 2 r/min.
2. Referenced Documents
3 1
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.2 Cubes—Twenty-four room-dry, solid oak, ⁄4 6 ⁄32-in.
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation (19 6 0.8-mm) cubes shall be placed in the box with the test
C302 Test Method for Density and Dimensions of Pre- specimens. The specific gravity of the oak cubes shall be
formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal Insulation approximately 0.65; white oak meets this requirement.
C303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-
NOTE 1—Number each group of wood cubes 1 through 24. At the end
formed Block and Board–Type Thermal Insulation
of every 600-revolution test, remove one “used” cube (follow the number
sequence and remove the oldest cube) and replace with a correspondingly
3. Terminology
numbered “new” cube. In this manner, cube wear is eliminated as an
uncontrolled variable in the test method. When the corners of the wood
3.1 Definitions—Definitions pertaining to thermal insulat-
cubes have been worn so that the radius of curvature is greater than ⁄16 in.
ing materials are defined in Terminology C168.
(1.6 mm) or the cubes have become altered so as not to be comparable
with new cubes, they shall be discarded and new ones used. A conven-
4. Significance and Use
tional machinist’s radius gage is used for checking the edge wear.
4.1 Several test methods for measuring mass loss by abra-
sion and impact of preformed block-type and preformed 6. Test Specimens
pipe-covering-type thermal insulation have been used previ-
6.1 Cut the insulation with a fine-tooth saw (similar to a
16-tooth band saw) into 1 6 ⁄16-in. (25.4 6 1.6-mm) cubes.
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C16 on Thermal
6.2 Test twelve cubes at a time cut from one piece of
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.32 on Mechanical
Properties. insulation. When flat insulation has special surfaces due to
Current edition approved April 1, 2014. Published April 2014. Originally
treatment or molding, cut each cube to include such special
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C421 – 08. DOI:
surfaces as one face, except that the edges and corners of the
10.1520/C0421-08R14.
insulation shall not be used.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.3 Dry and condition specimens prior to test, following
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. applicable specifications for the material. If the material is
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C421 − 08 (2014)
TABLE 1 Precision
adversely affected by oven temperatures, then condition spe
...

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dimensions and density, after conditioning, of preformed pipe insulation.  
1.1.1 Procedure A is applicable to sections of one-piece pipe covering or to sections of segmental pipe covering that can be joined together concentrically and measured as one-piece.  
1.1.2 Procedure B is applicable to segmental pipe covering where each section of material is measured.  
1.1.3 Procedure C is applicable to sections of one-piece pipe covering, such as soft foam or mineral wool materials, where it is possible to penetrate the material.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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