ASTM C922-21
(Specification)Standard Specification for Sintered Gadolinium Oxide-Uranium Dioxide Pellets for Light Water Reactors
Standard Specification for Sintered Gadolinium Oxide-Uranium Dioxide Pellets for Light Water Reactors
ABSTRACT
This specification covers finished pellets composed of sintered gadolinium oxide-uranium dioxide of any concentration for use in light-water reactors. Materials shall adhere to specified chemical (impurity content, stoichiometry, moisture content, and gadolinium oxide concentration), nuclear (isotopic content), and physical (dimensions, density, homogeneity, integrity, axial and circumferential surface cracks, cylindrical surface chips, pellets ends, cleanliness and workmanship, identification, and irradiation stability) requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is for finished sintered (U,Gd)O2 pellets. It applies to (U,Gd)O2 pellets containing uranium (U) of any 235U concentration and any concentration of gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) for use in nuclear reactors.
1.2 This specification recognizes the presence of reprocessed U in the fuel cycle and consequently defines isotopic limits for (U,Gd)O2 pellets made from commercial grade UO2. Such commercial grade UO2 is defined so that, regarding fuel design and manufacture, the product is essentially equivalent to that made from unirradiated U. UO2 falling outside these limits cannot necessarily be regarded as equivalent and may thus need special provisions at the fuel fabrication plant or in the fuel design.
1.3 This specification does not include (a) provisions for preventing criticality accidents, (b) requirements for health and safety, (c) avoidance of hazards, or (d) shipping precautions and controls. Observance of this specification does not relieve the user of the obligation to be aware of and conform to all applicable international, federal, state, and local regulations pertaining to possessing, shipping, processing, or using source or special nuclear material. Examples of U.S. Governmental documents are Code of Federal Regulations (Latest Edition), Title 10, Part 50, Title 10, Part 70, Title 10, Part 71, and Title 49, Part 173.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the technical requirements portion, Section 4, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C922 −21
Standard Specification for
Sintered Gadolinium Oxide-Uranium Dioxide Pellets for
1
Light Water Reactors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C922; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification is intended to provide the nuclear industry with a general specification for
gadolinium oxide-uranium dioxide (U,Gd)O pellets for light water reactor use. It recognizes the
2
diversity of manufacturing methods by which (U,Gd)O pellets are produced and the many special
2
requirements for chemical and physical characterization that may be imposed by the operating
conditions to which the pellets will be subjected in different light water reactors. Therefore, it is
anticipated that the purchaser may supplement this specification with additional requirements for
specific applications.
1. Scope 1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis
1.1 This specification is for finished sintered (U,Gd)O
2
standard.
pellets. It applies to (U,Gd)O pellets containing uranium (U)
2
235
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
ofany Uconcentrationandanyconcentrationofgadolinium
technical requirements portion, Section 4, of this specification:
oxide (Gd O ) for use in nuclear reactors.
2 3
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety
1.2 This specification recognizes the presence of repro-
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
cessed U in the fuel cycle and consequently defines isotopic
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety,
limitsfor(U,Gd)O pelletsmadefromcommercialgradeUO .
2 2
health, and environmental practices and determine the appli-
Such commercial grade UO is defined so that, regarding fuel
2
cability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
designandmanufacture,theproductisessentiallyequivalentto
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
thatmadefromunirradiatedU.UO fallingoutsidetheselimits
2
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
cannot necessarily be regarded as equivalent and may thus
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
need special provisions at the fuel fabrication plant or in the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
fuel design.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.3 This specification does not include (a) provisions for
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
preventingcriticalityaccidents,(b)requirementsforhealthand
2. Referenced Documents
safety, (c) avoidance of hazards, or (d) shipping precautions
2
and controls. Observance of this specification does not relieve
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the user of the obligation to be aware of and conform to all
C753Specification for Nuclear-Grade, Sinterable Uranium
applicable international, federal, state, and local regulations
Dioxide Powder
pertaining to possessing, shipping, processing, or using source
C859Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
or special nuclear material. Examples of U.S. Governmental
C888Specification for Nuclear-Grade Gadolinium Oxide
documents are Code of Federal Regulations (Latest Edition),
(Gd O ) Powder
2 3
Title 10, Part 50, Title 10, Part 70, Title 10, Part 71, and Title
C968Test Methods for Analysis of Sintered Gadolinium
49, Part 173.
Oxide-Uranium Dioxide Pellets
C996Specification for Uranium Hexafluoride Enriched to
235
Less Than 5% U
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on
NuclearFuelCycleandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC26.02onFuel
2
and Fertile Material Specifications. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published February 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C922–14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0922-21. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C922−21
E105Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials impurity elements listed in Table 1 shall not exceed 1500 µg/g
E112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size U. If an element analysis is repo
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C922 − 14 C922 − 21
Standard Specification for
Sintered Gadolinium Oxide-Uranium Dioxide Pellets for
1
Light Water Reactors
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C922; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification is intended to provide the nuclear industry with a general specification for
gadolinium oxide-uranium dioxide pellets.(U,Gd)O pellets for light water reactor use. It recognizes
2
the diversity of manufacturing methods by which gadolinium(U,Gd)O oxide-uranium dioxide pellets
2
are produced and the many special requirements for chemical and physical characterization that may
be imposed by the operating conditions to which the pellets will be subjected in specific reactor
systems. different light water reactors. Therefore, it is anticipated that the purchaser may supplement
this specification with additional requirements for specific applications.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification is for finished sintered gadolinium(U,Gd)O oxide-uranium dioxide pellets for use in light-water reactors.
2
235
pellets. It applies to gadolinium(U,Gd)O oxide-uranium dioxide pellets containing uranium (U) of any U concentration and any
2
concentration of gadolinium oxide.oxide (Gd O ) for use in nuclear reactors.
2 3
1.2 This specification recognizes the presence of reprocessed uraniumU in the fuel cycle and consequently defines isotopic limits
for gadolinium(U,Gd)O oxide-uranium dioxide pellets made from commercial grade UO . Such commercial grade UO is defined
2 2 2
so that, regarding fuel design and manufacture, the product is essentially equivalent to that made from unirradiated uranium.U.
UO falling outside these limits cannot necessarily be regarded as equivalent and may thus need special provisions at the fuel
2
fabrication plant or in the fuel design.
1.3 This specification does not include (1a) provisions for preventing criticality accidents or accidents, (2b) requirements for
health and safety. safety, (c) avoidance of hazards, or (d) shipping precautions and controls. Observance of this specification does
not relieve the user of the obligation to be aware of and conform to all applicable international, federal, state, and local regulations
pertaining to possessing, shipping, processing, or using source or special nuclear material. Examples of U.S. Governmental
documents are Code of Federal Regulations (Latest Edition), Title 10, Part 50, Title 10, Part 70, Title 10, Part 71, and Title 49,
Part 173.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.02 on Fuel and Fertile
Material Specifications.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014Jan. 1, 2021. Published February 2014February 2021. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 20082014 as
C922 – 08.C922 – 14. DOI: 10.1520/C0922-14.10.1520/C0922-21.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C922 − 21
1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the technical requirements portion, Section 4, of this specification: This
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the applicability
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C753 Specification for Nuclear-Grade, Sinterable Uranium Dioxide Powder
C859 Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
C888 Specification for Nuclear-Grade Gadolinium Oxide (Gd O ) Powder
2 3
C968 Test Methods for Analysis of Sintered Gadolinium Oxide-Uranium Dioxide Pellets
235
C996
...
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