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ASTM C1776/C1776M-17

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Wet-Cast Precast Modular Retaining Wall Units

Standard Specification for Wet-Cast Precast Modular Retaining Wall Units

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wet-cast precast modular retaining wall units cast from first-purpose concrete with or without the inclusion of steel reinforcement. The precast units covered by this specification are machine-placed units intended for use in the construction of dry stacked modular retaining wall systems.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text of the specification, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents. Therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Jan-2017
ICS
91.060.10 - Walls. Partitions. Facades
Technical Committee
C27 - Precast Concrete Products
Drafting Committee
C27.20 - Architectural and Structural Products
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM C1776/C1776M-17 - Standard Specification for Wet-Cast Precast Modular Retaining Wall UnitsASTM C1776/C1776M-17 - Standard Specification for Wet-Cast Precast Modular Retaining Wall Units
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ASTM C1776/C1776M-17 - Standard Specification for Wet-Cast Precast Modular Retaining Wall Units
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1776/C1776M −17
Standard Specification for
1
Wet-Cast Precast Modular Retaining Wall Units
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1776/C1776M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A884/A884M Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Wire
and Welded Wire Reinforcement
1.1 This specification covers wet-cast precast modular re-
A934/A934M Specification for Epoxy-Coated Prefabricated
taining wall units cast from first-purpose concrete with or
Steel Reinforcing Bars
without the inclusion of steel reinforcement. The precast units
A1055/A1055M Specification for Zinc and Epoxy Dual
coveredbythisspecificationaremachine-placedunitsintended
Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
for use in the construction of dry stacked modular retaining
A1060/A1060M Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized)
wall systems.
Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed,
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
for Concrete
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for
as requirements of the standard.
Concrete
1.3 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
Specimens in the Field
textofthespecification,theSIunitsareshowninbrackets.The
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
values stated in each system are not exact equivalents.
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
Therefore, each system shall be used independently of the
drical Concrete Specimens
other. Combining values from the two systems may result in
C94/C94M Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
non-conformance with the standard.
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
gregates
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),Yield,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Concrete
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
2. Referenced Documents
C173/C173M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
2
Concrete by the Volumetric Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
A615/A615M SpecificationforDeformedandPlainCarbon-
Specimens in the Laboratory
Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
C231/C231M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly Mixed
A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-
Concrete by the Pressure Method
Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures
A767/A767M Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized)
for Concrete
Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
A775/A775M Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Rein-
Concrete
forcing Bars
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C27 on Precast
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.20 on
C666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to
Architectural and Structural Products.
Rapid Freezing and Thawing
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017. Published February 2017. DOI: 10.1520/
C1776_C1776M-17.
C823/C823M Practice for Examination and Sampling of
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Hardened Concrete in Constructions
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
C979/C979M Specification for Pigments for Integrally Col-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ored Concrete
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1776/C1776M−17
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in 4.1.6 Certification requirements (see 15.1).
Concrete and Mortars 4.1.7 Protective coatings for reinforcing steel, if required
C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic (see 5.5.1 and 5.5.2).
Cement
5. Materials and
...

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ASTM C1776/C1776M-17(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Wet-Cast Precast Modular Retaining Wall Units

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials, manufacturing practice, and corresponding test methods for wet-cast precast modular retaining wall units cast from first-purpose concrete with or without the inclusion of steel reinforcement. The precast units covered by this specification are machine-placed units intended for use in the construction of dry stacked modular retaining wall systems. First-purpose concrete used for the production of precast modular retaining wall units under this specification shall be ready-mixed or central-mixed concrete. Other materials covered by this specification include cementitious materials, aggregates, admixtures, steel reinforcement, and lifting devices.
This specification also covers ordering information that the purchaser shall specify, physical properties (compressive strength, air content), sampling, frequency of tests, specimen preparation, inspection, certification, product marking, and workmanship, finish, and appearance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers wet-cast precast modular retaining wall units cast from first-purpose concrete with or without the inclusion of steel reinforcement. The precast units covered by this specification are machine-placed units intended for use in the construction of dry stacked modular retaining wall systems.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text of the specification, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents. Therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1280-18(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Application of Exterior Gypsum Panel Products for Use as Sheathing

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the minimum requirements for and the methods of application of gypsum sheathing for use as a substrate for exterior wall cladding. Gypsum sheathing board is a substrate that shall be covered by an exterior cladding or other weather-resistive barrier and is not intended for long-term exposure. Framing members shall be installed so that the surface will be in an even plane, unless otherwise specified, after the gypsum sheathing has been applied. The gypsum sheathing shall be cut by scoring and breaking or by sawing, working from the face side. The cut edges and ends of gypsum sheathing shall be trimmed to obtain neat fitting joints when installed. Gypsum sheathing shall be fitted snugly around all window and door openings. Control joints, other accessories, and metal plaster base shall be fastened through gypsum sheathing to framing members. Where fire resistance or shear resistance is not required, and when metal lath and Portland cement plaster are to be applied as the exterior cladding over gypsum sheathing installed over framing members and the metal lath shall be installed after the gypsum sheathing, the gypsum sheathing shall be permitted to be applied and fastening of the gypsum sheathing shall be completed with the attachment of the self-furred metal lath.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum requirements for and methods of application of exterior gypsum panel products that are specifically designed for use as a substrate for exterior cladding.  
1.1.1 This specification does not cover gypsum panel products that are specifically designed for interior applications.  
1.2 Details of construction for a specific assembly to achieve the required fire resistance shall be obtained from reports of fire-resistance tests, engineering evaluations, or listings from recognized fire testing laboratories.  
1.2.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the fire-rated construction.  
1.3 Where sound control is required for a gypsum panel product assembly, the details of construction shall be in accordance with the acoustical test report of an assembly that has met the required acoustical value(s).  
1.3.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the sound-rated construction.  
1.4 Where resistance to racking loads or shear is required for a gypsum panel product assembly, the details of construction shall be in accordance with the racking or shear test report of an assembly that has met the required racking or shear value(s).  
1.4.1 This specification shall govern where it is more stringent (size or thickness of framing and size and spacing of fasteners) than the racking or shear-tested construction.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard references notes which provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM F3660-23(Specification)
Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Motorized Partitions

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1.1 This consumer safety performance specification establishes performance requirements, test methods, and labeling requirements for motorized partitions.  
1.2 Motorized partitions are used to provide flexibility in the size of spaces typically used for meetings, sports, recreational areas, schools, or social functions where children are often present.  
1.3 Motorized partitions include a motor to direct the opening and closing of the partition and are operated by trained individuals who control the on/off mechanism and opening and closing movement of the partition.  
1.4 The partition is made up of a series of rigid panels that move along a track.  
1.5 This specification does not include motorized curtains, elevator or garage doors, or non-motorized partitions.  
1.6 This specification shall be taken into consideration by owners/operators, architects, planners, engineers, equipment manufacturers, construction companies, construction contractors, and appropriate inspectors who may be involved in the design and construction of new facilities.  
1.7 This specification applies to the installation of new motorized partitions but may be useful for renovation projects such as updating older motorized partitions.  
1.8 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E2837-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining the Fire Resistance of Continuity Head-of-Wall Joint Systems Installed Between Rated Wall Assemblies and Nonrated Horizontal Assemblies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the following under the specified test conditions:  
5.1.1 The ability of a test specimen to undergo movement without reducing its fire resistance rating, and  
5.1.2 The duration for which a test specimen will contain a fire and retain its integrity during a predetermined fire resistive test exposure.  
5.2 This test method provides for the following measurements and evaluations where applicable:  
5.2.1 Ability of the test specimen  to movement cycle.  
5.2.2 Ability of the test specimen  to prohibit the passage of flames and hot gases.  
5.2.3 Transmission of heat through the test specimen.  
5.2.4 Ability of the test specimen  to resist the passage of water during a hose stream test.  
5.3 This test method does not provide the following:  
5.3.1 Any information about the rated wall assembly because its performance has already been determined.  
5.3.2 Evaluation of the degree by which the test specimen contributes to the fire hazard by generation of smoke, toxic gases, or other products of combustion.  
5.3.3 Measurement of the degree of control or limitation of the passage of smoke or products of combustion through the test specimen.  
5.3.4 Measurement of flame spread over the surface of the test specimen.
Note 3: The information in 5.3.1 – 5.3.4 may be determined by other suitable fire resistive test methods. For example, 5.3.4 may be determined by Test Method E84.  
5.4 In this procedure, the test specimens are subjected to one or more specific tests under laboratory conditions. When different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by, or from, this test method to predict changes to the characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the exposure conditions described in this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response test method measures the performance of a unique fire resistive joint system called a continuity head-of-wall joint system, which is designed to be used between a rated wall assembly and a nonrated horizontal assembly during a fire resistance test.  
1.2 This fire-test-response standard does not measure the performance of the following:  
1.2.1 The rated wall assembly, which is already established by other test methods, such as Test Method E119, or  
1.2.2 The nonrated horizontal assembly, which would be established by other test methods such as Test Method E119.
Note 1: Typically, rated wall assemblies obtain a fire resistance rating after being tested to Test Method E119, NFPA 251, UL 263, CAN/ULC-S101, or other similar fire resistive test methods.  
1.3 This fire-test-response standard is not intended to evaluate the connections between rated wall assemblies and nonrated horizontal assemblies  unless part of the continuity head-of-wall joint system.  
1.4 The fire resistive test end point is the period of time elapsing before the first performance criteria is reached when the continuity head-of-wall joint system is subjected to one of two time-temperature fire exposures.  
1.5 The fire exposure conditions used are either those specified by Test Method E119 for testing assemblies to standard time-temperature exposures or Test Method E1529 for testing assemblies to rapid-temperature rise fires.  
1.6 This test method specifies the heating conditions, methods of test, and criteria to establish a fire resistance rating only for a continuity head-of-wall joint system.  
1.7 Test results establish the performance of continuity head-of-wall joint systems to maintain continuity of fire resistance of the rated wall assembly where the continuity head-of-wall joint system interfaces with a nonrated horizontal assembly during the fire-exposure period.  
1.8 Test results shall not be construed as having determined the continuity head-of-wall joint system, nonrated horizontal assembly and the rated wall assembly’s suitability for use after that ...

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ASTM E1996-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Performance of Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, Doors, and Impact Protective Systems Impacted by Windborne Debris in Hurricanes

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This specification covers exterior windows, glazed curtain walls, doors and impact protective systems used in buildings located in geographic regions that are prone to hurricanes. The test specimens shall be Fenestration assemblies, and impact protective systems; which shall be tested using the large missile test, and small missile test. The air pressure cycling, missiles, and impact location are also detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers exterior windows, glazed curtain walls, doors, and impact protective systems used in buildings located in geographic regions that are prone to hurricanes.  
1.1.1 Exception—Exterior garage doors and rolling doors are governed by ANSI/DASMA 115 and are beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.2 This specification provides the information required to conduct Test Method E1886.  
1.3 Qualification under this specification provides a basis for judgment of the ability of applicable elements of the building envelope to remain unbreached during a hurricane; thereby minimizing the damaging effects of hurricanes on the building interior and reducing the magnitude of internal pressurization. While this standard was developed for hurricanes, it may be used for other types of similar windstorms capable of generating windborne debris.  
1.4 This specification provides a uniform set of guidelines based upon currently available information and research.2 As new information and research becomes available it will be considered.  
1.5 All values are stated in SI units and are to be regarded as standard. Values given in parentheses are for information only. Where certain values contained in reference documents cited and quoted herein are stated in inch-pound units, they must be converted by the user.  
1.6 The following precautionary statement pertains only to the test method portion, Section 5, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM C946-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Construction of Dry-Stacked, Surface-Bonded Walls

ABSTRACT
This practice covers material, workmanship, and construction procedures for applying surface bonded mortar to both sides of dry stacked concrete masonry units. Mortar shall be mixed and shall be selected in accordance with the proportion specification prescribed. Shims shall be corrosion-resistant metal or plastic with a required minimum compressive strength. Courses of concrete masonry units between the leveling courses shall be placed without mortar on the bed or head joints. Place units in running bond. Remove burrs and butt blocks tightly. Use shims, mortar, or surface bonding mortar to plum and level individual units when necessary. Use clean mixing equipment and water free of deleterious amounts of acid, alkali, and organic materials. Mix only full bag multiples of material to overcome any segregation of ingredients. Mixing time shall be kept to a minimum, as over mixing may cause damage to the fibers. Before applying surface bonding mortar, wet the wall uniformly with water to prevent excessive suction of water from the surface bonding mortar. Trowel- or spray-apply surface bonding mortar to both sides of dry-stacked concrete masonry units. When a second coat of surface bonding mortar is to be applied, the first coat shall have taken its initial set. Dampen the wall with a water mist after a specified time, but within a day of application of surface bonding mortar. The top of the walls shall be covered with a nonstaining, waterproof covering to prevent moisture from entering the wall until the top is permanently protected.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers material, workmanship, and construction procedures for applying surface bonded mortar to both sides of dry stacked concrete masonry units. It does not include grout, reinforcing, anchorage, or control joints since their use is essentially the same as conventional concrete masonry construction, unless specifically mentioned in this practice.  
Note 1: Design and construction procedures for conventional concrete masonry construction are found in Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures (TMS 402-16) and Specification for Masonry Structures (TMS 602-16).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1381/C1381M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Molded Glass Fiber Reinforced Gypsum Parts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers molded glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GRG) parts, which are nonload-bearing, thin-shell, ornamental shapes for architectural embellishment of interior building construction. GRG parts shall be produced using the same materials used to make the composites in conformance with the referenced specification. GRG parts shall be manufactured from the mixed slurry or alpha gypsum cement, potable water and additives, and glass fiber reinforcement using either the hand lay-up or the spray-up process in a mold. GRG parts shall be produced according to approved shop drawings. Shop drawings shall specify part dimensions, quantities, recommended attachment points and methods, reinforcements, embedments, and tolerance. The material shall conform to the required mechanical properties and to the specified dimensions and tolerances of GRG parts.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers molded glass fiber reinforced gypsum (GRG) parts, which are nonload-bearing, thin-shell, ornamental shapes for architectural embellishment of interior building construction.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The information presented refers to the molded surface of the part.  
1.4 The text of this standard references footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These footnotes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E2511-17(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Detailing of EIFS-Clad Barrier and Drainage Wall Assemblies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is for use by individuals and entities involved with the design and specification of EIFS details for a specific building.  
4.2 This guide can be applied to both EIFS-clad barrier wall assembly and EIFS-clad wall with drainage.  
4.3 This guide can be applied to new and existing EIFS buildings, prefabricated versus on-site installed EIFS, and residential and commercial EIFS buildings.  
4.4 This guide is not meant to replace the types of information normally present in text format in a project’s specifications.  
4.5 This guide is not applicable to EIFS materials used in non EIFS applications, such as a topcoat for other base materials like traditional Portland cement plaster (stucco) and concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes the types of project-specific construction conditions that need to be communicated by means of drawings (“details”) for the purpose of constructing Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS)-clad barrier and drainage wall assemblies. EIFS manufacturers provide basic details for the installation of their materials and interface with adjacent materials. These details are generic and, in many cases, do not apply to specific project conditions.  
1.2 This guide addresses only the EIFS itself and the interface between the EIFS and the materials immediately adjacent to the EIFS; it does not address all parts of the wall assembly.  
1.3 Not all possible construction detail conditions are addressed by this guide. Identify and provide details for all construction conditions that exist on a specific building.  
1.4 This guide is intended to supplement but not supersede information from the EIFS manufacturer about how their specific product should be detailed, nor to supersede technical product acceptance reports or the code requirements of regulatory authorities.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E331-00(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining the resistance to water penetration under uniform static air pressure differences. The air-pressure differences acting across a building envelope vary greatly. These factors should be fully considered prior to specifying the test pressure difference to be used.
Note 1: In applying the results of tests by this test method, note that the performance of a wall or its components, or both, may be a function of proper installation and adjustment. In service, the performance will also depend on the rigidity of supporting construction and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes, vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, etc. It is difficult to simulate the identical complex wetting conditions that can be encountered in service, with large wind-blown water drops, increasing water drop impact pressures with increasing wind velocity, and lateral or upward moving air and water. Some designs are more sensitive than others to this upward moving water.
Note 2: This test method does not identify unobservable liquid water which may penetrate into the test specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of exterior windows, curtain walls, skylights, and doors to water penetration when water is applied to the outdoor face and exposed edges simultaneously with a uniform static air pressure at the outdoor face higher than the pressure at the indoor face.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to any curtain-wall area or to windows, skylights, or doors alone.  
1.3 This test method addresses water penetration through a manufactured assembly. Water that penetrates the assembly, but does not result in a failure as defined herein, may have adverse effects on the performance of contained materials such as sealants and insulating or laminated glass. This test method does not address these issues.  
1.4 The proper use of this test method requires a knowledge of the principles of pressure measurement.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 7.1.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E518/E518M-22(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Flexural Bond Strength of Masonry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are intended to provide simplified and economical means for gathering comparative research data on the flexural bond strength developed with different types of masonry units and mortar or for the purpose of checking job quality control (materials and workmanship).
Note 2: These test methods are not intended for use in establishing design stresses. For this purpose, Test Methods C1717 should be used.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover determination of the flexural bond strength of unreinforced masonry assemblages. Two procedures are provided:  
1.1.1 Test Method A—Simply supported beam with third-point loading.  
1.1.2 Test Method B—Simply supported beam with uniform loading.
Note 1: Third-point loading (Test Method A) produces a moment distribution that is significantly different from uniformly distributed loading (Test Method B).Third-point loading (Test Method A) subjects more mortar joints to the maximum moment and thus, is likely to produce more conservative capacities than uniform loading (Test Method B).  
1.2 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 These test methods cover the application of the tests using either inch-pound or SI units. The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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