ASTM D3835-02

Standard Test Method for Determination of Properties of Polymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary Rheometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is sensitive to polymer molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, polymer stability—both thermal and rheological, shear instability, and additives such as plasticizers, lubricants, moisture reinforcements, or inert fillers, or combination thereof.
The sensitivity of this test method makes the data useful for correlating with processing conditions and aids in predicting necessary changes in processing conditions. Unlike Test Method D 1238, which makes a one-point measure at a shear rate typically below processing conditions, this test method determines the shear sensitivity and flow characteristics at processing shear rates, and therefore can be used to compare materials of different compositions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the rheological properties of polymeric materials at various temperatures and shear rates common to processing equipment. It covers measurement of melt viscosity, sensitivity, or stability of melt viscosity with respect to temperature and polymer dwell time in the rheometer, die swell ratio (polymer memory), and shear sensitivity when extruding under constant rate or stress. The techniques described permit the characterization of materials that exhibit both stable and unstable melt viscosity properties.
1.2 This test method has been found useful for quality control tests on both reinforced and unreinforced thermoplastics, cure cycles of thermosetting materials, and other polymeric materials having a wide range of melt viscosities.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1—Although this test method and ISO 11443-1995, "Plastic—Determination of the Fluidity of Plastics Using Capillary and Slit-Die Rheometers" differ in approach or detail, the data obtained using ISO 11443, Method A is technically equivalent to this test method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2002
• ICS: 83.080.20 - Thermoplastic materials
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.30 - Thermal Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3835-96 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Properties of Polymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary Rheometer
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D3835-08 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Properties of Polymeric Materials by Means of a Capillary Rheometer
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D8366-21a - Standard Specification for Extruded and Compression Molded Shapes Made from Unfilled Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) PVDF
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F942-18(2023)e1 - Standard Guide for Selection of Test Methods for Interlayer Materials for Aerospace Transparent Enclosures
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4101-17e1 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5575-18(2023) - Standard Classification System for Copolymers of Vinylidene Fluoride (VDF) with Other Fluorinated Monomers
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5592-94(2018) - Standard Guide for Material Properties Needed in Engineering Design Using Plastics
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D4067-23 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Reinforced and Filled Poly(Phenylene Sulfide) (PPS) Injection Molding and Extrusion Materials Using ASTM Methods
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F561-19 - Standard Practice for Retrieval and Analysis of Medical Devices, and Associated Tissues and Fluids
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5138-23 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Liquid Crystal Polymers Molding and Extrusion Materials (LCP)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3222-21 - Standard Specification for Unmodified Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) (PVDF) Molding Extrusion and Coating Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F451-21 - Standard Specification for Acrylic Bone Cement
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5422-17 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Properties of Thermoplastic Materials by Screw-Extrusion Capillary Rheometer
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D8033-22 - Standard Classification System for Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) (PEEK) Molding and Extrusion Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3364-99(2019) - Standard Test Method for Flow Rates for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) with Molecular Structural Implications
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3835–02
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Properties of Polymeric Materials by
1
Means of a Capillary Rheometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3835; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2.2 ANSI Standard:
3
B46.1 Surface Texture
1.1 This test method covers measurement of the rheological
properties of polymeric materials at various temperatures and
3. Terminology
shear rates common to processing equipment. It covers mea-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
surement of melt viscosity, sensitivity, or stability of melt
3.1.1 apparent values—viscosity, shear rate, and shear
viscosity with respect to temperature and polymer dwell time
stressvaluescalculatedassumingNewtonianbehaviorandthat
in the rheometer, die swell ratio (polymer memory), and shear
all pressure drops occur within the capillary.
sensitivity when extruding under constant rate or stress. The
3.1.2 critical shear rate—the shear rate corresponding to
techniques described permit the characterization of materials
the critical shear stress (1/s).
that exhibit both stable and unstable melt viscosity properties.
3.1.3 critical shear stress—the value of the shear stress at
1.2 This test method has been found useful for quality
which there is a discontinuity in the slope of log shear stress
control tests on both reinforced and unreinforced thermoplas-
versus log shear rate plot or periodic roughness of the polymer
tics, cure cycles of thermosetting materials, and other poly-
strand occurs as it exits the rheometer die (MPa).
meric materials having a wide range of melt viscosities.
3.1.4 delay time—the time delay between piston stop and
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
start when multiple data points are acquired from a single
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
charge(s).
information only.
3.1.5 melt density—thedensityofthematerialinthemolten
NOTE 1—Although this test method and ISO 11443–1995, “Plastic—
form expressed in g/mL.
Determination of the Fluidity of Plastics Using Capillary and Slit-Die
3.1.6 melt time—the time interval between the completion
Rheometers” differ in approach or detail, the data obtained using ISO
of polymer charge and beginning of piston travel(s).
11443, Method A is technically equivalent to this test method
3.1.7 percent extrudate swell—the percentage change in the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
extrudate diameter relative to the die diameter.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.8 shear rate—rate of shear strain or velocity gradient in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the melt, usually expressed as reciprocal time such as
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- −1 −1
second (s ).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.9 shear stress—force per area, usually expressed in
pascals (Pa).
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.10 swell ratio—the ratio of the diameter of the extruded
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
strand to the diameter of the capillary (die).
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
3.1.11 viscosity—ratioofshearstresstoshearrateatagiven
D1238 TestMethodforMeltFlowRatesofThermoplastics
shear rate or shear stress. It is usually expressed in pascal
by Extrusion Plastometer
seconds (Pa·s).
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
3.1.11.1 Viscosity determined on molten polymers is some-
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
times referred to as melt viscosity.
3.1.11.2 Viscosity determined on materials exhibiting non-
Newtonian flow behavior is referred to as apparent viscosity
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
unless corrections are made as specified in Section 11.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties
(Section D20.30.08).
3.1.12 zero shear viscosity, h —thelimitingviscosityasthe
0
Current edition approved November 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Origi-
shear rate falls to zero.
nally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D3835–96.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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