ASTM E1354-02de1

Standard Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter

SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard provides for measuring the response of materials exposed to controlled levels of radiant heating with or without an external ignitor.
1.2 This test method is used to determine the ignitability, heat release rates, mass loss rates, effective heat of combustion, and visible smoke development of materials and products.
1.3 The rate of heat release is determined by measurement of the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygen concentration and the flow rate in the exhaust product stream. The effective heat of combustion is determined from a concomitant measurement of specimen mass loss rate, in combination with the heat release rate. Smoke development is measured by obscuration of light by the combustion product stream.
1.4 Specimens shall be exposed to heating fluxes in the range of 0 to 100 kW/m². External ignition, when used, shall be by electric spark. The value of the heating flux and the use of external ignition are to be as specified in the relevant material or performance standard (see X1.2 ). The normal specimen testing orientation is horizontal, independent of whether the end-use application involves a horizontal or a vertical orientation. The apparatus also contains provisions for vertical orientation testing; this is used for exploratory or diagnostic studies only.
1.5 Ignitability is determined as a measurement of time from initial exposure to time of sustained flaming.
1.6 This test method has been developed for use for material and product evaluations, mathematical modeling, design purposes, or development and research. Examples of material specimens include portions of an end-use product or the various components used in the end-use product.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-2002
• ICS: 17.200.10 - Heat. Calorimetry
• Technical Committee: E05 - Fire Standards
• Drafting Committee: E05.21 - Smoke and Combustion Products

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
ε1
Designation:E1354–02d
Standard Test Method for
Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and
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Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1354; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (ε) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Footnote 1 was changed to reflect changes approved inAugust, September and October 2002 and incorporated into
this version of the standard.
1. Scope 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.
1.1 This fire-test-response standard provides for measuring
1.8 This standard is used to measure and describe the
the response of materials exposed to controlled levels of
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
radiant heating with or without an external ignitor.
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
1.2 This test method is used to determine the ignitability,
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
heatreleaserates,masslossrates,effectiveheatofcombustion,
assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under
and visible smoke development of materials and products.
actual fire conditions.
1.3 The rate of heat release is determined by measurement
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
of the oxygen consumption as determined by the oxygen
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
concentration and the flow rate in the exhaust product stream.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
The effective heat of combustion is determined from a con-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
comitant measurement of specimen mass loss rate, in combi-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
nation with the heat release rate. Smoke development is
statements, see Section 7.
measured by obscuration of light by the combustion product
stream.
2. Referenced Documents
1.4 Specimens shall be exposed to heating fluxes in the
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
range of 0 to 100 kW/m . External ignition, when used, shall
D3286 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and
be by electric spark. The value of the heating flux and the use
2
Coke by the Isoperibol Bomb Calorimeter
of external ignition are to be as specified in the relevant
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E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
material or performance standard (see X1.2). The normal
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
specimen testing orientation is horizontal, independent of
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ASTM Test Methods
whether the end-use application involves a horizontal or a
E662 Test Method for Specific Optical Density of Smoke
vertical orientation. The apparatus also contains provisions for
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Generated by Solid Materials
vertical orientation testing; this is used for exploratory or
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
diagnostic studies only.
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Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.5 Ignitability is determined as a measurement of time
E906 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release
from initial exposure to time of sustained flaming.
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Rates for Materials and Products
1.6 Thistestmethodhasbeendevelopedforuseformaterial
2.2 ISO Standards:
and product evaluations, mathematical modeling, design pur-
ISO 5657-1986(E) Fire Tests—reaction to fire—ignitability
poses, or development and research. Examples of material
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of building materials
specimens include portions of an end-use product or the
ISO 5725 Precision of test methods—determination of re-
various components used in the end-use product.
peatability and reproducibility for a standard test method
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire
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Standardsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.21on Smoke and Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.05.
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Combustion Products. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.
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CurrenteditionapprovedAug.10,2002,Sept.10,2002,Oct.10,2002,andNov. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
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10, 2002. Published December 2002. Originally published as E1354–90. Last Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd Street,
previous edition E1354–02c. 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E1354–02d
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by inter-laboratory tests
R = reproducibility (the units are the same as for the
variable being characterized).
3. Terminology
r = stoichiometric oxygen/fuel mass ratio (–).
o
s = sample-based st
...