ASTM F1039-87(1993)e1

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Low Level X-Radiation Used in X-Ray Security Screening Systems (Withdrawn 2002)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method establishes the procedures for measuring the ionizing radiation inside the radiation chamber of a low level X-ray security screening system.  
1.2 This test method establishes minimum requirements for the radiation detector used to measure this ionizing radiation inside the radiation chamber.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this test standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-1992
• ICS: 17.240 - Radiation measurements
• ICS: 19.100 - Non-destructive testing
• Technical Committee: F12 - Security Systems and Equipment
• Drafting Committee: F12.60 - Controlled Access Security, Search, and Screening Equipment

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: F 1039 – 87 (Reapproved 1993)
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Low Level X-Radiation Used in X-Ray
Security Screening Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1039; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Keywords were added and Footnote 3 was corrected editorially in April 1993.
1. Scope 3.1.2 line scanning—a thin curtain of X-radiation produced
by placing a slit collimator in the X-ray beam and impinging
1.1 This test method establishes the procedures for measur-
this curtain of X-radiation on an aligned array of X-ray sensors.
ing the ionizing radiation inside the radiation chamber of a low
The item being screened is passed over this sensor array.
level X-ray security screening system.
3.1.3 low level X-ray—one milliroentgen or less of X-ray
1.2 This test method establishes minimum requirements for
exposure per screening cycle.
the radiation detector used to measure this ionizing radiation
3.1.4 pulse—a short burst of X-radiation; may be as long as
inside the radiation chamber.
a few milliseconds or as short as a few nanoseconds.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.5 radiation chamber—the X-ray shielded enclosure in
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
which an item is exposed to X-radiation.
information only.
3.1.6 scatter block—a block of X-ray scattering material
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
used to create a worst case condition when measuring radiation
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
levels.
responsibility of the user of this test standard to establish
3.1.7 spot scanning—similar to line scanning except that a
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
slot spinning in front of the X-ray tube window forms a small
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific
spot of radiation which continuously moves to scan the item
hazards statements are given in Section 7.
being screened as it passes over the sensor.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Significance and Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 This test method is meant to be used by the manufac-
F 792 Practice for Design and Use of Ionizing Radiation
turers and users of low level X-ray security screening systems
Equipment for the Detection of Items Prohibited in Con-
located at controlled access screening points in airports,
trolled Access Areas
transportations terminals, public buildings, or other high secu-
2.2 Federal Standard:
rity areas where the safety of items sensitive to low level
21 CFR Performance Standards for Ionizing Radiation
X-radiation exposure is of concern (See Practice F 792).
Emitting Products, Cabinet X-Ray Systems, Section:
4.2 This test method is not intended to establish safe
1020.40 Radiation Equipment for the Detection of Items
exposure levels for any radiation sensitive items but to accu-
Prohibited in Controlled Access Areas
rately measure the radiation exposure to the item during the
3. Terminology
X-ray security screening procedures.
4.3 The most significant attribute of this test method is the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
test procedure and the description of the instrumentation to be
3.1.1 broad beam X-ray—the full cone of radiation emitted
used to accurately measure the X-ray exposure to items being
from the X-ray tube without collimators or other restrictions in
screened in low level X-ray security systems.
the X-ray beam except those necessary to confine the
X-radiation within the exposing chamber.
5. Interference
5.1 Take extreme care in handling the radiation monitor to
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-12 on prevent possible electrostatic and microphonic effects from
Security Systems and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
causing erroneous readings. Exposed surfaces of the radiation
F 12.60 on Controlled Access, Security, Search and Screening Equipment.
sensitive element of some radiation monitors must not be
Current edition approved Jan. 30, 1987. Published March 1987.
touched, brushed, or vibrated after setting the instrument and
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 15.07.
Code of Federal Regulations. Available from Superintendent of Documents,
before making a measurement. Follow the manufacturer’s
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 1039
recommendations for the care and handling of the instrument. nected) on a scatter block such as one made of soft wood (pine,
redwood, or another in a position that allows the radiation
6. Apparatus
sensing element to face the radiation source. The scatter block
6.1 The following are minimum requirements for the radia-
shall be approximately 12- by 12- by 3-in. (305- by 305- by
tion monitor used to perform these measurements: 75-mm) thick.
6.1.1 Energy Dependence, 610 % over a range of 30 to 200
9.3 When testing horizontal beam units or vertical beam
keV.
units hav
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