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ASTM D5965-96

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Coating Powders

Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Coating Powders

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover three procedures for determining the specific gravity (see definition) of coating powders, as follows: TEST METHOD A—For Testing Coating Powders, Excluding MetallicsTEST METHOD B—For Tests Requiring Greater Precision than Test Method A,Including Metallics, Using Helium PycnometryTEST METHOD C—For Theoretical Calculation Based on Raw Material SpecificGravities
1.2 Test Method A can be used as a less expensive method with reduced accuracy for determining the specific gravity of coating powders, excluding metallics.
1.3 The ideal gas law forms the basis for all calculations used in the Test Method B determination of density of coating powders.
1.4 Test Method B includes procedures that provided acceptable results for samples analyzed during round robin testing.
1.5 Test Method B uses SI units as standard. State all numerical values in terms of SI units unless specific instrumentation software reports surface area using alternate units. Many instruments report density as g/cm3, instead of using SI units (kg/m3).
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jan-2002
ICS
87.040 - Paints and varnishes
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.51 - Powder Coatings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D5965-02 - Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Coating Powders
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM B1000-21 - Standard Practices for Casting Preparation and Test Procedure of Porcelain Enamel-lined Pipe, Fittings, and Valves for Use in the Municipal Wastewater, Sewage, and Water Treatment Industry
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4242-07(2017) - Standard Test Method for Inclined Plate Flow for Thermosetting Coating Powders
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002
Referred By
ASTM D3451-06(2017) - Standard Guide for Testing Coating Powders and Powder Coatings
Effective Date
10-Jan-2002

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ASTM D5965-96 - Standard Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Coating Powders
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 5965 – 96
Standard Test Methods for
Specific Gravity of Coating Powders
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5965; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 These test methods cover three procedures for determin-
3. Terminology
ing the specific gravity (see definition) of coating powders, as
3.1 Definitions:
follows:
3.1.1 Definitions 3.1.1 and 3.1.3 are from Guide D 5382.
TEST METHOD A—For Testing Coating Powders, Excluding Metallics
3.1.2 coating powders—finely divided particles of organic
TEST METHOD B—For Tests Requiring Greater Precision than Test Method A,
Including Metallics, Using Helium Pycnometry
polymer that generally contain pigments, fillers, and additives
TEST METHOD C—For Theoretical Calculation Based on Raw Material Specific
and that remain finely divided during storage under suitable
Gravities
conditions.
1.2 Test Method A can be used as a less expensive method
3.1.3 meniscus—curved upper surface of a liquid column
with reduced accuracy for determining the specific gravity of
that is concave when the containing walls are wetted by the
coating powders, excluding metallics.
liquid.
1.3 The ideal gas law forms the basis for all calculations
3.1.4 powder coatings—coatings that are protective, deco-
used in the Test Method B determination of density of coating
rative, or both; that are formed by the application of a coating
powders.
powder to a substrate and fused into continuous films by the
1.4 Test Method B includes procedures that provided ac-
application of heat or radiant energy.
ceptable results for samples analyzed during round robin
3.1.5 pycnometer—instrument designed to measure the vol-
testing.
ume of solid materials using Archimedes’ principle of fluid
1.5 Test Method B uses SI units as standard. State all
displacement. The displaced fluid is a helium gas.
numerical values in terms of SI units unless specific instru-
3.1.6 specific gravity—(1) strict definition: the density of a
mentation software reports surface area using alternate units.
substance relative to that of water. (2) practical, as used in this
Many instruments report density as g/cm , instead of using SI
test method—The numerical value of the density when the
units (kg/m ).
latter is expressed in grams per millilitre.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Test Method A is a less expensive method of determin-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ing specific gravity of coating powders, excluding metallics,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards
that produced less precise results than Test Method B.
statement see Section 6.
4.2 Test Method B provides better precision at higher cost
and includes metallics, although different models produced
2. Referenced Documents
different grand averages for each of the three samples tested.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.3 Test Method C is commonly used by the powder coating
D 3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Condi-
industry to estimate the coverage of a powder coating at a
tioning and Testing Paint, Varnishes, Lacquers, and Re-
given thickness, using the theoretical specific gravity calcu-
lated Materials
lated from those of the raw materials.
D 5382 Guide to Evaluation of Optical Properties of Pow-
5. Reagents
der Coatings
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.1 Purity—Wetting vehicles should be of reagent grades.
5.2 Helium—Shall be understood to mean high purity of
99.9995 %.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee D01.51 on Powder Coatings.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 1996. Published October 1996.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.
3 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5965
6. Conditioning addition of wetting vehicle can be done with a squeeze bottle
in a manner to wash any residual powder from the neck of the
6.1 These tests should be standardized at 73.5 6 3.5°F (23
flask. Reweigh and record this weight as WFPL.
6 2°C) and relative humidity of 50 6 5 % for the two methods
10.4 Multiple volumetric flasks can be used in rotation to
in compliance with Specification D 3924.
reduce cleaning and complete drying time.
TEST METHOD A—FOR TESTING POWDER
10.5 Immediately clean the flask after each test to increase
COATINGS, EXCLUDING METALLICS
the ease with which this is accomplished. Each flask shall be
completely clean and dry before proceeding to the next test.
7. Apparatus and Materials
11. Calculation
7.1 Volumetric Flask—Calibrated narrow-necked glass
type, having a 50-mL capacity.
11.1 Calculate the density of the powder ( DP) as follows:
7.2 Balance—A calibrated laboratory balance having a
WFP 2 WF
60.001 g-accuracy. A less accurate balance can be used with a DP 5 5 numerator (2)
WFPL 2 WFP
relative effect on the results. 50 mL 2 5 denominator
DL
7.3 Coating Powder—Weighed to 15 g, within a 60.01
g-accuracy. where:
WFP = weight of flask and powder,
7.4 Immersion Liquid—Hexane was found to be a good
WF = weight of flask,
wetting vehicle for the epoxy and polyester coatings used in the
WFPL = weight of flask, powder, and wetting vehicle,
round robin for the testing of repeatability and reproducibility.
DL = density of wetting vehicle, and
7.5 Glass Funnel—Designed to fit within the neck of the
DP = specific gravity of powder.
volumetric flask.
11.2 An example, using hexane, would be as follows:
7.6 Polished Round-Bottom Glass Rods— For dispersing
50.545 g 2 36.581 g 13.964
powder.
DP 5 5 5 1.42 specific gravity
77.200 g 2 50.545 g 9.796
7.7 Squeeze Bottle—Suitable for containing and dispensing
50 mL 2
0.663 g/mL
wetting vehicle.
(3)
8. Hazards
where:
8.1 Exercise care in handling all wetting vehicles. Make
WFP = 50.545 g,
sure that personal equipment includes protective gloves,
WF = 36.581 g,
glasses, and clothing. Perform test method using wetting
WFPL = 77.200 g,
vehicles in a solvent hood.
DL = 0.663 g/mL, and
DP = unknown.
9. Standardization
12. Report
9.1 Weigh the empty, clean volumetric flask. Record this
weight as WF.
12.1 Report the following information:
9.2 The density of the wetting vehicle, recorded as DL, can
12.1.1 Use duplicate determinations with the average re-
be determined by adding exactly 50 mL of wetting vehicle to
ported to two significant figures to the right of the decimal.
the previously weighed flask and reweighing. Record this
12.1.2 Report the complete sample identification and the
weight as WFL. Calculate the density of the wetting vehicle
wetting vehicle used to determine the specific gravity.
(DL) as follows:
13. Precision and Bias
~WFL 2 WF!
DL 5 (1)
13.1 Precision—The average of duplicate determinations by
50 mL
this test method should not differ by more than 0.025 using a
10. Procedure
balance with 0.0001 significant figures or 0.04 using a balance
with 0.001 significant figures.
10.1 Weigh the
...

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