ASTM D6614/D6614M-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Stretch Properties of Textile Fabrics – CRE Method
Standard Test Method for Stretch Properties of Textile Fabrics – CRE Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This method is used to determine the stretch and growth properties which a garment made of the fabric may be expected to exhibit during use.
5.2 This is a new method and therefore the history of data is very small, however the excellent agreement of between-laboratory data suggest this method may be considered for acceptance testing of commercial shipments.
5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, samples used for such comparative tests should be as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. Other fabrics with established test values may also be used for these comparative tests. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of fabric stretch and fabric growth after a specified extension and held for a specified time.
1.2 While this test method can be used for any fabric, knit fabrics having high stretch are better measured by Test Method D2594.
1.3 This test method should not be used to measure the breaking strength and elongation of woven fabrics, which is covered in Test Methods D5034 and D5035.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Jun-2020
- Technical Committee
- D13 - Textiles
- Drafting Committee
- D13.59 - Fabric Physical Test Methods A
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2020
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2018
- Effective Date
- 15-Jul-2017
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2017
- Effective Date
- 15-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Apr-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2013
- Effective Date
- 15-Jun-2013
Overview
ASTM D6614/D6614M-20: Standard Test Method for Stretch Properties of Textile Fabrics – CRE Method, is an international standard developed by ASTM International. This method provides a reliable process for determining the stretch and growth properties of textile fabrics when subjected to a specified extension using a Constant Rate of Extension (CRE) tensile tester. Understanding fabric stretch and growth is crucial in evaluating garment performance and fabric suitability for end-use applications.
The method is applicable to most textile fabrics, although highly stretchable knit fabrics may be more accurately evaluated using ASTM D2594. This standard is essential for manufacturers, testing laboratories, fabric suppliers, and apparel brands seeking to ensure fabric consistency and performance during product development and quality assurance.
Key Topics
- Fabric Stretch: Measurement of the increase in fabric length when a specific load is applied, simulating stress during garment wear.
- Fabric Growth: Assessment of the residual elongation or “growth” remaining after the removal of load, reflecting potential permanent extension after use.
- Sampling and Specimen Preparation: Detailed instructions for selecting, cutting, and conditioning specimens to ensure consistent and representative testing.
- Constant Rate of Extension (CRE) Testing: Use of a CRE tensile testing machine to uniformly apply and hold a load while measuring extension and growth.
Significance and Use:
- Supports acceptance testing for commercial shipments, ensuring product consistency across different laboratories.
- Facilitates detection of differences in test results between laboratories and provides guidance for comparative tests and statistical analysis in case of discrepancies.
- Not intended for determining breaking strength and elongation, which are addressed by other ASTM methods (D5034, D5035).
Safety Considerations:
- Users must establish and follow appropriate safety, health, and environmental protocols as the standard does not cover all potential hazards.
Applications
The ASTM D6614/D6614M-20 test method offers practical benefits for a range of stakeholders in the textile and apparel industry:
- Quality Control: Ensures fabrics meet required stretch and growth specifications for intended functions, reducing returns and quality issues.
- Product Development: Enables designers and manufacturers to select appropriate materials for specific performance requirements, such as flexibility in activewear or durability in workwear.
- Comparative Testing: Suitable for verifying fabric consistency across different lots or product lines, supporting uniformity in mass production.
- Commercial Shipments: Useful as an acceptance criterion to verify that delivered fabric matches contract specifications.
- Research and Development: Allows textile scientists and engineers to evaluate the effects of fiber, yarn, and finishing processes on stretch behavior.
Related Standards
- ASTM D2594: Standard Test Method for Stretch Properties of Knitted Fabrics Having Low Power - preferred for highly stretchable knitted fabrics.
- ASTM D5034: Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test) - for tensile strength evaluation.
- ASTM D5035: Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method) - alternative method for woven fabrics.
- ASTM D123: Terminology Relating to Textiles - provides industry-standard definitions.
- ASTM D1776: Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles - guidelines for preparing specimens.
- ASTM D4849 / D4850: Terminology related to yarns, fibers, and fabric test methods.
Keywords: fabric stretch, fabric growth, textile testing, CRE tensile method, ASTM D6614, fabric elongation, garment performance.
By adopting ASTM D6614/D6614M-20, organizations can ensure accurate and reproducible measurement of textile stretch properties, enabling informed decision-making throughout the textile supply chain.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D6614/D6614M-20 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Test Method for Stretch Properties of Textile Fabrics – CRE Method". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This method is used to determine the stretch and growth properties which a garment made of the fabric may be expected to exhibit during use. 5.2 This is a new method and therefore the history of data is very small, however the excellent agreement of between-laboratory data suggest this method may be considered for acceptance testing of commercial shipments. 5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, samples used for such comparative tests should be as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. Other fabrics with established test values may also be used for these comparative tests. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of fabric stretch and fabric growth after a specified extension and held for a specified time. 1.2 While this test method can be used for any fabric, knit fabrics having high stretch are better measured by Test Method D2594. 1.3 This test method should not be used to measure the breaking strength and elongation of woven fabrics, which is covered in Test Methods D5034 and D5035. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 This method is used to determine the stretch and growth properties which a garment made of the fabric may be expected to exhibit during use. 5.2 This is a new method and therefore the history of data is very small, however the excellent agreement of between-laboratory data suggest this method may be considered for acceptance testing of commercial shipments. 5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, samples used for such comparative tests should be as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. Other fabrics with established test values may also be used for these comparative tests. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias. SCOPE 1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of fabric stretch and fabric growth after a specified extension and held for a specified time. 1.2 While this test method can be used for any fabric, knit fabrics having high stretch are better measured by Test Method D2594. 1.3 This test method should not be used to measure the breaking strength and elongation of woven fabrics, which is covered in Test Methods D5034 and D5035. 1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D6614/D6614M-20 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D6614/D6614M-20 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D6614-07(2015), ASTM D5035-11(2019), ASTM D4849-13(2018), ASTM D4850-13(2017), ASTM D123-17, ASTM D123-15b, ASTM D123-15a, ASTM D123-15, ASTM D4849-13, ASTM D4849-13e1, ASTM D4849-13e2, ASTM D4849-13e3, ASTM D4850-13e1, ASTM D4850-13, ASTM D123-13a. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D6614/D6614M-20 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6614/D6614M − 20
Standard Test Method for
Stretch Properties of Textile Fabrics – CRE Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6614/D6614M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2594 Test Method for Stretch Properties of Knitted Fabrics
Having Low Power
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
of fabric stretch and fabric growth after a specified extension
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
and held for a specified time.
Methods
1.2 While this test method can be used for any fabric, knit
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
fabrics having high stretch are better measured byTest Method
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
D2594.
D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of
1.3 This test method should not be used to measure the Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
breaking strength and elongation of woven fabrics, which is
3. Terminology
covered in Test Methods D5034 and D5035.
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.59, Fabric Test
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Methods, General, see Terminology D4850.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to 3.2 For all terminology related to D13.58, Yarns and Fiber,
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
see Terminology D4849.
used independently of the other, and values from the two 3.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
systems shall not be combined.
fabric stretch, fabric growth, stretch yarn.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.3 FordefinitionsofallothertextiletermsseeTerminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D123.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Fabric Stretch and Fabric Growth—Aspecified load is
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
applied to a fabric specimen, using a constant rate of extension
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tensile tester at a prescribed rate of extension.After holding at
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
the specified load for a predetermined time, the length is
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
measured.The load is removed from the specimen and allowed
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
to relax for a specified time. A small amount of force, enough
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
to remove any wrinkles or folds, is applied and the specimen
length measured. The amount of fabric stretch is calculated
2. Referenced Documents
from the difference in length prior to load and under load.
Fabric growth is calculated from the difference in length prior
2.1 ASTM Standards:
to loading and after relaxation.
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This method is used to determine the stretch and growth
propertieswhichagarmentmadeofthefabricmaybeexpected
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
to exhibit during use.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,
General.
5.2 This is a new method and therefore the history of data is
Current edition approved July 1, 2020. Published August 2020. Originally
very small, however the excellent agreement of between-
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6614–07(2015).
DOI: 10.1520/D6614_D6614M-20.
laboratory data suggest this method may be considered for
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
acceptance testing of commercial shipments.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance be-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tween reported test results for two laboratories (or more),
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6614/D6614M − 20
comparative test should be performed to determine if there is a 7.3.6 If the fabric has a pattern, ensure that the specimens
statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assis- are a representative sampling of the pattern.
tance.As a minimum, samples used for such comparative tests
7.4 Specimen Preparation—As test specimens from each
should be as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same
laboratory sampling unit, proceed as follows:
lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results
7.4.1 For woven fabrics, cut two strips 65 by 350 mm [2.5
during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers
by 14 in.] with the long dimension parallel to the stretch
to each laboratory. Other fabrics with established test values
direction.
may also be used for these comparative tests. The test results
7.4.1.1 Ravel the strips to form test specimens to 50 6 0.5
from the laboratories involved should be compared using a
mm [2 6 0.02 in.] width by taking approximately the same
statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen
number of yarns from each side of the specimen.
prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must
7.4.2 For knitted and nonwoven fabrics, cut two test
be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted
specimens, 50 6 0.5 mm [2 6 0.02 in.] wide by 350 mm [14
in consideration of the known bias.
in.] with the long dimension parallel to the stretch direction.
6. Apparatus
8. Conditioning
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine , of the CRE type with capa-
bility to maintain a constant load and measurement of the
8.1 Condition each sample as directed in Practice D1776,
location of the moveable crosshead.
prior to cutting the test specimens.
6.2 GripsandJawFaces,aminimumof50mm[2in.]faces
to hold the full width of the specimen.
9. Preparation and Calibration of Test Apparatus
9.1 Set-up procedures for machines from different manufac-
7. Sampling, Selection, and Number of Specimens
turers may vary. Prepare and verify calibration of the tensile
7.1 Primary Sampling Unit—Consider rolls, bolts or pieces
tester using directions supplied by the manufacturer.
offabric,orcartonsoffabriccomponentsoffabricatedsystems
such as garments to be the primary sampling unit, as appli-
9.2 Set the distance between the jaw faces 250 6 0.5 mm
cable. [10 6 0.02 in.].
7.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6614 − 07 (Reapproved 2015) D6614/D6614M − 20
Standard Test Method for
Stretch Properties of Textile Fabrics – CRE Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6614;D6614/D6614M; the number immediately following the designation indicates
the year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the amount of fabric stretch and fabric growth after a specified extension and
held for a specified time.
1.2 While this test method can be used for any fabric, knit fabrics having high stretch are better measured by test methodTest
Method D2594.
1.3 This test method should not be used to measure the breaking strength and elongation of woven fabrics, which is covered
in Test Methods D5034 and D5035.
1.4 The values listedstated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text,
the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents;
therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combiningother, and
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with specification.shall not be combined.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
D2594 Test Method for Stretch Properties of Knitted Fabrics Having Low Power
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test Methods
D5034 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
D5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation of Textile Fabrics (Strip Method)
3. Terminology
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.59, Fabric Test Methods, General, see Terminology D4850.
3.2 For all terminology related to D13.58, Yarns and Fiber, see Terminology D4849.
3.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: fabric stretch, fabric growth, stretch yarn.
3.3 For definitions of all other textile terms see Terminology D123.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Fabric Stretch and Fabric Growth— A specified load is applied to a fabric specimen, using a constant rate of extension
tensile tester at a prescribed rate of extension. After holding at the specified load for a predetermined time, the length is measured.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods, General.
Current edition approved July 1, 2015July 1, 2020. Published September 2015August 2020. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 20112015 as
D6614–07(2011).D6614–07(2015). DOI: 10.1520/D6614-07R15.10.1520/D6614_D6614M-20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D6614/D6614M − 20
The load is removed from the specimen and allowed to relax for a specified time. A small amount of force, enough to remove any
wrinkles or folds, is applied and the specimen length measured. The amount of fabric stretch is calculated from the difference in
length prior to load and under load. Fabric growth is calculated from the difference in length prior to loading and after relaxation.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This method is used to determine the stretch and growth properties which a garment made of the fabric may be expected
to exhibit during use.
5.2 This is a new method and therefore the history of data is very small, however the excellent agreement of between-laboratory
data suggest this method may be considered for acceptance testing of commercial shipments.
5.2.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative
test should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a
minimum, samples used for such comparative tests should be as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material
as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory.
Other fabrics with established test values may also be used for these comparative tests. The test results from the laboratories
involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If
bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results must be adjusted in consideration of the known
bias.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Tensile Testing Machine , of the CRE type with capability to maintain a constant load and measurement of the location of
the moveable crosshead.
6.2 Grips and Jaw Faces, a minimum of 50 mm (2 in.)[2 in.] faces to hold the full width of the specimen.
7. Sampling, Selection, and Number of Specimens
7.1 Primary Sampling Unit—Consider rolls, bolts or pieces of fabric, or cartons of fabric components of fabricated systems such
as garments to be the primary sampling unit, as applicable.
7.2 Laboratory Sampling Unit—As a laboratory sampling unit take from the primary sampling unit at least one full-width piece
of fabric that is 1M (1 yd)1m [1 yd] in length along the selvage (machine direction), after removing the first 1M (1 yd)1m [1 yd]
length. For circular knit fabrics cut a band at least 300 mm (12 in.)[12 in.] wide. When applicable, use the entire fabric component
of the fabricated systems.
7.3 Test Specimen Selection—From each laboratory sampling unit, take test specimens with the long direction parallel to the
stretch direction. Consider the long direction as the direction of test. Specimen preparation need not be carried out in the standard
atmosphere for testing. Label to maintain specimen identity.
7.3.1 When the end-use fabric component of fabricated systems is provided, take specimens from different areas. That is, if the
product is a garment worn on the upper body, then take specimens from the shoulder, shirt tail, shirt back and front, and sleeve.
7.3.2 For fabric widths 125 mm (5 in.)[5 in.] or
...
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