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ASTM C260/C260M-10a(2016)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete

Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete

ABSTRACT
This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field. The air-entraining admixture shall conform to the requirements such as initial and final time of setting, compressive strength, flexural strength, and length change (maximum shrinkage). Samples shall either be a grab sample (one obtained in a single operation) or a composite sample (one obtained by combining three or more grab samples). For the purpose of this specification, it is recognized that samples shall be taken for quality tests and uniformity tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Jun-2016
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Drafting Committee
C09.23 - Chemical Admixtures
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM C185-15 - Standard Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
Effective Date
01-Jul-2015
Refers
ASTM C185-19 - Standard Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
Effective Date
01-Dec-2019
Refers
ASTM C185-20 - Standard Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020

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ASTM C260/C260M-10a(2016) - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for ConcreteASTM C260/C260M-10a(2016) - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
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ASTM C260/C260M-10a(2016) - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C260/C260M −10a (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Specification for
1
Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C260/C260M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* use in the work is essentially identical in concentration,
composition, and performance to the air-entraining admixture
1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use as
tested under this specification.
air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in
the field.
NOTE 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests with the
air-entraining admixture be made using all of the ingredients of the
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
concrete proposed for the specific work, because the effect produced by
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
the air-entraining admixture may vary with the properties of the other
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
ingredients of the concrete.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
4.2 Requirements for establishing compositional or chemi-
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
cal equivalence of a subsequent lot relative to a previous lot
with the standard.
thatwassubjectedtoqualitytestsandfoundtocomplywiththe
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and
requirements of 5.1 shall be determined if agreed upon by the
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
purchaser and the manufacturer. At the request of the
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
purchaser, the manufacturer shall recommend appropriate test
considered as requirements of the standard.
procedures, such as infrared spectrophotometry (I.R.), pH
value and solids content, for establishing the equivalence of
2. Referenced Documents
materials from different lots or different portions of the same
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: lot.
C183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of
NOTE 2—Ultraviolet light absorption (UV) of solutions and infrared
Hydraulic Cement
spectroscopy of dried residues have been found to be valuable for these
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
purposes. The specific procedures to be employed and the criteria to
Mortar establish equivalence should be stipulated with due regard to the compo-
sition and properties of the sample.
C233 Test Method for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-
crete
4.3 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shall
state in writing the chloride content of the air-entraining
3. Terminology
admixture and whether or not chloride was added during its
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
manufacture.
3.1.1 air-entraining admixture, n—for the purpose of this
NOTE3—Admixturesthatcontainchloridesmayacceleratecorrosionof
specification, a material that is used as an ingredient of
embedded metals.
concrete, added to the batch immediately before or during its
mixing, for the purpose of entraining air.
5. Optional Uniformity Requirements
4. General Requirements
5.1 A series of two or more samples from a manufacturing
lot will be considered sufficiently uniform to be properly
4.1 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shall
composited into a single sample for quality testing provided
state in writing that the air-entraining admixture supplied for
they do not differ more than the amounts indicated in 5.4.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
5.2 A subsequent sample or composite sample shall be
Concrete and Concrete Aggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
considered in compliance with these requirements, so long as
C09.23 on Chemical Admixtures.
they differ from the reference sample by no more than the
Current edition approved July 1, 2016. Published August 2016. Originally
amounts listed in 5.4. The reference sample is the original
approved in 1950. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C260/C260M–10a.
DOI: 10.1520/C0260_C0260M-10AR16.
sample tested to meet the requirements of 6.1. Any additional
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
optional, appropriate tests, such as infrared spectroscopy and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ultraviolet light absorption, referred to in 4.2, also shall meet
Standards volume information, refer to the s
...

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SCOPE
1.1 This specification applies to ground calcium carbonate (GCC is a type of ground limestone) and other finely divided aggregate mineral filler (AMF) materials for use in concrete mixtures. The specification defines the types of GCC and AMF materials for use in concrete.  
1.2 If concrete in service is subject to sulfate exposure, fillers derived from ground limestone should not be used unless mitigation methods are used.
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1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
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This specification covers all forms of fiber-reinforced concrete that are delivered to a purchaser with the ingredients uniformly mixed. This specification may also apply to fiber-reinforced concrete intended for shotcreting by the dry-mix process when sampling and testing is possible at the point of placement. It, however, does not cover the placement, consolidation, curing, or protection of the fiber-reinforced concrete after delivery to the purchaser. Materials are classified according to the type of fiber incorporated, which are: Type I, steel fiber-reinforced concrete that contains stainless, alloy, or carbon steel fibers; Type II, glass fiber-reinforced concrete that contains alkali-resistant glass fibers; Type III, synthetic fiber-reinforced concrete that contains synthetic fibers; and Type IV, natural fiber-reinforced concrete that contains cellulose fibers. The fiber-reinforced concretes shall be furnish either by batch mixing or continuous mixing, and shall be free of fiber balls when delivered to the point designated by the purchaser. Tolerances, acceptance criteria, and performance requirements for workability and air content are discussed thoroughly.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers most forms of fiber-reinforced concrete manufactured in accordance with Specification C94/C94M or Specification C685/C685M as modified herein. It does not cover the placement, consolidation, curing, or protection of the fiber-reinforced concrete after delivery to the purchaser.  
1.2 Certain sections of this specification are also applicable to fiber-reinforced concrete intended for shotcreting by the dry-mix or to zero-slump, and fiber-reinforced concrete used to manufacture precast elements. In these cases, the sections dealing with batching plant, mixing equipment, mixing and delivery, and measurement of workability and air content, are not applicable.  
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ABSTRACT
This specification defines the requirements for grading and quality of fine and coarse aggregate for use in concrete. Fine aggregate shall consist of natural sand, manufactured sand, or a combination thereof. Fine aggregate shall be free of injurious amounts of organic impurities. Fine aggregate for use in concrete that will be subject to wetting, extended exposure to humid atmosphere, or contact with moist ground shall not contain any materials that are deleteriously reactive with the alkalis in the cement in amount sufficient to cause excessive expansion of mortar or concrete. Fine aggregate subjected to five cycles of the soundness test shall have a required weighted average loss. Coarse aggregate shall consist of gravel, crushed gravel, crushed stone, air-cooled blast furnace slag, or crushed hydraulic-cement concrete, or a combination thereof. The sampling and test methods shall be done with grading and fineness modulus test, organic impurities test, effect of organic impurities on strength test, soundness test, clay lumps and friable particles test, coal and lignite test, bulk density of slag test, abrasion of coarse aggregate test, reactive aggregate test, freezing and thawing test, and chert test method.
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1.2 This specification is for use by a contractor, concrete supplier, or other purchaser as part of the purchase document describing the material to be furnished.  
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ABSTRACT
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1.2 As used throughout this specification the manufacturer produces ready-mixed concrete. The purchaser buys ready-mixed concrete.  
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This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete. Grout ingredients shall conform to the specified requirements for Portland cement, pozzolan, and fine aggregate composition. The fluidifier, tested in grout shall conform to the specified values of reduction in mixing water, expansion, bleeding, increase in water retentivity, initial and final setting time, and compressive strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers fluidifier for grout used for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 8, of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
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5.1 This test method measures the ability of a grout mixture to retain its mixing water.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the procedure for determining the water retentivity of freshly mixed hydraulic cement grout mixtures for preplaced-aggregate (PA) concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C330/C330M-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete

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This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime considerations are reducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for job control of concrete. Two general types of lightweight aggregates are covered by this specification: aggregates prepared by expanding, pelletizing, or sintering products such as blast-furnace slag, clay, diatomite, fly ash, shale, or slate; and aggregates prepared by processing natural materials, such as pumice, scoria, or tuff. The aggregates shall be composed predominately of lightweight-cellular and granular inorganic material. Lightweight aggregates shall be tested, and should not contain excessive amounts of deleterious substances; and should conform to the specified values of organic impurities, aggregate staining, aggregate loss of ignition, clay lumps and friable particles, loose bulk density, compressive strength, drying shrinkage, popouts, and resistance to freezing and thawing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregates intended for use in structural concrete in which prime considerations are reducing the density while maintaining the compressive strength of the concrete. Procedures covered in this specification are not intended for job control of concrete.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.2.1 With regard to other units of measure, the values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
Note 1: This specification is regarded as adequate to ensure satisfactory lightweight aggregates for most concrete. It is recognized that it may be either more or less restrictive than needed for some conditions and for special purposes, such as fire resistance, fill, and concrete constructions, the use of which is based on load tests rather than conventional design procedures.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification covers lightweight aggregate intended to provide water for internal curing of concrete. It includes test methods for determining the absorption and desorption properties of lightweight aggregate.
Note 1: Internal curing provides an additional source of water to sustain hydration and substantially reduce the early-age autogenous shrinkage and self-desiccation that can be significant contributors to early-age cracking. Appendix X1 provides guidance on calculating the quantity of lightweight aggregate for internal curing.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
Note 2: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
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ASTM C403/C403M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Concrete Mixtures by Penetration Resistance

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In this test method, the times required for the mortar to reach specified values of resistance to penetration are used to define times of setting.  
5.2 This test method can be used to determine the effects of variables, such as water content; brand, type and amount of cementitious material; or admixtures, upon the time of setting of concrete. This test method may also be used to determine compliance with specified time-of-setting requirements.  
5.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts. However, when the setting time of concrete is desired, the test shall be performed on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture and not on a prepared mortar intended to simulate the mortar fraction of the concrete; it has been shown that the initial and final setting times may be increased when using the prepared mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.  
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.  
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.  
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.  
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