C09.23 - Chemical Admixtures

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the qualification of materials for use as anti-washout admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures for the purpose of minimizing washout of cement and other fine fractions of materials from concrete being placed underwater.  
1.2 The results of the tests stipulated in this specification are to be used for the purpose of qualifying a material as an anti-washout admixture, and not for determination of dosage for specific applications.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—Initial proof of admixture compliance with the requirements of this specification (see 4.1).  
1.3.2 Level 2—Limited retesting demonstrates continued conformity of the admixture with the requirements of the specification (see 4.2).  
1.3.3 Level 3—If specified by the purchaser for acceptance of a lot, or for measuring uniformity within or between lots (see 4.3).  
1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to test method Sections 10-15 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In this test method, the times required for the mortar to reach specified values of resistance to penetration are used to define times of setting.  
5.2 This test method can be used to determine the effects of variables, such as water content; brand, type and amount of cementitious material; or admixtures, upon the time of setting of concrete. This test method may also be used to determine compliance with specified time-of-setting requirements.  
5.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts. However, when the setting time of concrete is desired, the test shall be performed on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture and not on a prepared mortar intended to simulate the mortar fraction of the concrete; it has been shown that the initial and final setting times may be increased when using the prepared mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.  
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.  
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.  
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:  
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,  
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,  
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,  
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and  
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.  
1.2 Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, test specimens for qualifying an admixture shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3.  
Note 1: As discussed in Appendix X2, it is recommended that, whenever practicable, supplementary tests be made by the purchaser using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For example, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement contents than that listed in 12.1.1.
Note 2: The purchaser should verify that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3: Admixtures that contain sufficient amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of steel reinforcement. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in reinforced concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the admixture meets the requirements of this specification. Proof of compliance shall be based on comparisons of the average test results from the batches of test concrete and the average test results from the batches of reference concrete. Admixtures (except for Types B, C, E, and S) shall qualify for provisional compliance if the time of setting, length change, and durability factor meet the physical requirements and any of the alternative compressive strength requirements shown in parentheses in Table 1 are met through the date of provisional acceptance (see Note...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to develop data for comparison or compliance with the requirements of Specification C869/C869M.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method furnishes a way of measuring, in the laboratory, the performance of a foaming chemical to be used in producing foam (air cells) for making cellular concrete.  
1.2 This test method includes the following:  
1.2.1 Manufacture of laboratory quantities of cellular concrete.  
1.2.2 Determination of the air content of the freshly prepared cellular concrete and of the hardened concrete after handling in conventional machinery.  
1.2.3 Determination of the following properties of the hardened concrete: compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, density, and water absorption. It may not be necessary to study all of the above properties in all cases, depending on the proposed use of the material.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 If the required results obtained from another standard are not reported in the same system of units as used by this standard, it is permitted to convert those results using the conversion factors found in the SI Quick Reference Guide.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is used to develop data for comparison with the requirements of Specification C260/C260M. These tests are based on arbitrary stipulations permitting highly standardized testing in the laboratory, and are not intended to simulate actual job conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.  
1.2 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers material for use as chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixtures for concrete. Concrete must meet the physical requirements such as compressive strength and flexural strength. The test admixture must show corrosion-inhibiting performance with the required mean integrated macrocell current of test beams and mean corroded area of test beams as a fraction of control. At the completion of testing, the mean chloride-ion content of the test beams must be greater than or equal to the critical chloride-ion content. Two types of concrete are used to make test specimens. One, the control concrete, is made without the chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixture. The other concrete, the test concrete, is made with the chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixture. Tests of freshly mixed concrete include slump test, air content test, and time of setting test. Test of hardened concrete include compressive strength test, flexural strength test, resistance to freezing and thawing test, and length change test. Corrosion testing shall also be done.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers material for use as chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixtures for concrete.  
1.2 Results of the tests conducted to meet this specification are not to be used to rank the expected field performance of various chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixtures.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be low. This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials specified or with materials proposed for specific work, and provides three levels of testing. The apparatus used shall be suitable for low temperature environment. The concrete, cementitious materials, aggregates, and air-entraining admixture shall be tested and shall conform to the values of chemical and performance requirements such as initial setting time, compressive strength, shrinkage, durability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be as low as -5.0 °C [23.0 °F] prior to the time of initial set.  
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3 or with materials proposed for specific work (See 11.5). Unless otherwise requested by the purchaser, tests shall be made using suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3.
Note 1: Whenever practicable, tests should be made using the concreting materials, the mixture proportions, and batching sequence proposed for the specific work (See 11.5) because the time of setting, compressive strength gain, and other properties may vary.  
1.3 This specification provides three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the cold-weather admixture system meets the requirements of this specification. Uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section 6) shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made.  (A) The values in the table include allowance for normal variation in test results(B) As an example, in the case of initial time of setting, if the control mixture has a set time of 4.0 hrs, the test specimens can have a set time up to 8.0 hrs. For length change, if the control specimen shrinks X units, the test specimen is allowed to shrink up to 1.35X.(C) The compressive strength of the concrete containing the cold-weather admixture shall not be less than 90 % of that attained at the previous test age. The objective of this limit is to require that the compressive strength of the cold-weather admixture concrete shall not decrease with age.(D) Because the test specimens will be cool and damp for the 7d compressive test, it will be necessary to use unbonded caps as described in Practice C1231/C1231M.(E) Alternative requirements, see 17.1.2: Percent of control applies when shrinkage of control concrete is 0.030 % or greater; the increase over control limit applies when shrinkage of control concrete is 0.030 % or less.(F) This requirement is applicable only when the cold-weather admixture is to be used in air-entrained concrete that may be exposed to freezing and thawing while wet.  
1.3.2 Level 2—Limited retesting is described in 5.2, 5.2.1, and 5.2.2. Proof of compliance with the requirements of Table 1 demonstrates conformity of the admixture system with the requirements of this specification.  
1.3.3 Level 3—For acceptance of a lot or for measuring uniformity within or between lots, when specified by the purchaser, uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section 6) shall be used.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnote...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field. The air-entraining admixture shall conform to the requirements such as initial and final time of setting, compressive strength, flexural strength, and length change (maximum shrinkage). Samples shall either be a grab sample (one obtained in a single operation) or a composite sample (one obtained by combining three or more grab samples). For the purpose of this specification, it is recognized that samples shall be taken for quality tests and uniformity tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers foaming agents specifically formulated for making preformed foam for use in the production of cellular concrete. The function of this specification is to provide the means for evaluating the performance of a specific foaming agent. The test batch shall conform to the physical requirements prescribed such as density, compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, water absorption and air loss during pumping. The foaming agent being tested shall be used in making test specimens required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers foaming agents specifically formulated for making preformed foam for use in the production of cellular concrete.  
1.2 The function of this specification is to provide the means for evaluating the performance of a specific foaming agent. This is accomplished by using the foaming agent in making a standard cellular concrete test batch (see Test Method C796) from which test specimens are cast. Then, significant properties of the concrete are determined by tests and compared with the requirements of Section 3.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the basic requirement for colored and white pigments in powder form to be used as admixtures in concrete for the purpose of producing integrally colored concrete. Where the pigments are a constituent of a multicomponent admixture, this specification applies to the pigment constituent of the admixture. This specification does not include the determination of pigment stability when elevated temperature using low-pressure (atmospheric) or high-pressure (autoclave) steam is used to accelerate the curing process. Cement (either Type I or Type II), aggregates, and admixtures materials shall be subjected to the following test methods: water wettability; alkali resistance; percentage of sulfates; water solubility; atmospheric curing stability; light resistance; effects on concrete, which include preparation of mixtures, making and curing, time of setting, air content, and compressive strength; and color match of shipment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the basic requirement for colored and white pigments in powder form to be used as admixtures in concrete for the purpose of producing integrally colored concrete. Where the pigments are a constituent of a multicomponent admixture, this specification applies to the pigment constituent of the admixture. This specification is not intended to establish compatibility of pigments with any other concrete admixtures unless they are tested in combination in accordance with 4.7.  
1.2 This specification does not include the determination of pigment stability when elevated temperature using low-pressure (atmospheric) or high-pressure (autoclave) steam is used to accelerate the curing process.  
1.3 In addition to tests defining the pigments themselves, a limited number of tests on concrete are included to define the effects on setting times, air content, and compressive strength. If more extensive information is required for a particular job, additional testing criteria and procedures should be agreed upon between the seller and user.  
1.4 The maximum prescribed dosage rate of a pigment, established in accordance with 4.7, shall be equal to or less than 10 mass % of cement. When a combination of pigments is used to produce the desired color and color intensity, the total dosage rate of all pigments combined shall not exceed any of the individual maximum dosage rates of the component pigments.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:  
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,  
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,  
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,  
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and  
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.  
1.2 Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, test specimens for qualifying an admixture shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3.  
Note 1: As discussed in Appendix X2, it is recommended that, whenever practicable, supplementary tests be made by the purchaser using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For example, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement contents than that listed in 12.1.1.
Note 2: The purchaser should verify that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3: Admixtures that contain sufficient amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of steel reinforcement. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in reinforced concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the admixture meets the requirements of this specification. Proof of compliance shall be based on comparisons of the average test results from the batches of test concrete and the average test results from the batches of reference concrete. Admixtures (except for Types B, C, E, and S) shall qualify for provisional compliance if the time of setting, length change, and durability factor meet the physical requirements and any of the alternative compressive strength requirements shown in parentheses in Table 1 are met through the date of provisional acceptance (see Note...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:  
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,  
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,  
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,  
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and  
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.  
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3.  
Note 1: It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C1017/C1017M.
Note 2: The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3: Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance require...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In this test method, the times required for the mortar to reach specified values of resistance to penetration are used to define times of setting.  
5.2 This test method can be used to determine the effects of variables, such as water content; brand, type and amount of cementitious material; or admixtures, upon the time of setting of concrete. This test method may also be used to determine compliance with specified time-of-setting requirements.  
5.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts. However, when the setting time of concrete is desired, the test shall be performed on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture and not on a prepared mortar intended to simulate the mortar fraction of the concrete; it has been shown that the initial and final setting times may be increased when using the prepared mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.  
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.  
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.  
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.  
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:  
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,  
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,  
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,  
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and  
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.  
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3.  
Note 1: It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C1017/C1017M.
Note 2: The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3: Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance require...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:  
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,  
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,  
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,  
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and  
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.  
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3.  
Note 1: It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C1017/C1017M.
Note 2: The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3: Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance require...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:  
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,  
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,  
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,  
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and  
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.  
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1 – 11.3.  
Note 1: It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C1017/C1017M.
Note 2: The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3: Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance require...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is used to develop data for comparison with the requirements of Specification C260. These tests are based on arbitrary stipulations permitting highly standardized testing in the laboratory, and are not intended to simulate actual job conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.  
1.2 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
Note 1: Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic cement concrete mixtures for use in producing flowing concrete. The two types of chemical admixtures are: Type I—plasticizing; and Type II—plasticizing and retarding. Tests of the chemical admixtures with reference concreting materials or with concrete-making materials proposed for specific work are specified. Three levels of testing are discussed: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. Type of admixtures shall conform to the physical requirements: time of setting, increase in slump, compressive strength, flexural strength, length of change after days of drying, and relative durability factor. Uniformity and equivalence shall be established by the following requirements: infrared analysis, residue by oven drying (liquid and nonliquid admixtures), and specific gravity (liquid admixtures). Tests for quality, uniformity, and equivalence shall be made. Samples of freshly mixed concrete shall be tested according to slump, air content, time of setting, and water content and unit weight. Hardened concrete shall be tested according to the following: compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic cement concrete mixtures for the purpose of producing flowing concrete. The types are as follows:  
1.1.1 Type I—Plasticizing, and  
1.1.2 Type II—Plasticizing and retarding.  
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of a chemical admixture with reference concreting materials or with concrete-making materials proposed for specific work. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using reference concreting materials.  
1.3 If a chemical admixture has been tested and found to comply with the provisions of this specification using reference materials, and is being considered for use with other materials for specific work, additional tests for such use are allowed if agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier and are allowed to consist of a portion of the tests described herein.  
1.4 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.4.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the admixture meets the requirements of this specification. Uniformity and equivalence tests of the section on Lot Uniformity and Equivalence shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made.TABLE 1 Physical RequirementsA    
Type I
Plasticizing  
Type II
Plasticizing
and
Retarding    
Time of setting, allowable deviation from  
Reference, h
Initial: at least  
...  
1 later  
1 earlier nor
11/2 later  
31/2 later  
Final: at least  
...  
...  
1 earlier nor
11/2 later  
31/2 later  
Increase in slump, min.  
90 mm [3.5 in.]  
90 mm [3.5 in.]  
Compressive strength, min., % of reference  
3 days  
90  
90  
7 days  
90  
90  
28 days  
90  
90  
6 months  
90  
90  
1 year  
90  
90  
Flexural strength, min., % of reference  
3 days  
90  
90  
7 days  
90  
90  
28 days  
90  
90  
Length change after 14 days drying, max.
shrinkage (alternative requirements):B  
% of reference  
135  
135    
Increase over reference, in.  
0.010  
0.010  
Relative durability factor, min.C  
80  
80 A The values in the table include allowance for normal variation in the test results. The object of the 90 % strength requirements is to require a level of performance comparable to that of the reference concrete. B Alternative Requirements—Percent of reference limit applies when length change of reference is 0.030 % or greater; increase over reference limit applies when length change of reference is less than 0.030 %.C T...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:  
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,  
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,  
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,  
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,  
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and  
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.  
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3. Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C1017/C1017M.Note 2—The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence). Note 3—Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.  
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements define...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C1017/C1017M.
Note 2—The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).  
Note 3—Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to develop data for comparison or compliance with the requirements of Specification C869.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method furnishes a way of measuring, in the laboratory, the performance of a foaming chemical to be used in producing foam (air cells) for making cellular concrete.
1.2 This test method includes the following:
1.2.1 Manufacture of laboratory quantities of cellular concrete.
1.2.2 Determination of the air content of the freshly prepared cellular concrete and of the hardened concrete after handling in conventional machinery.
1.2.3 Determination of the following properties of the hardened concrete: compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, density, and water absorption. It may not be necessary to study all of the above properties in all cases, depending on the proposed use of the material.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to develop data for comparison with the requirements of Specification C260. These tests are based on arbitrary stipulations permitting highly standardized testing in the laboratory, and are not intended to simulate actual job conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
Note 1—Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C1017/C1017M.
Note 2—The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).  
Note 3—Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers foaming agents specifically formulated for making preformed foam for use in the production of cellular concrete. The function of this specification is to provide the means for evaluating the performance of a specific foaming agent. The test batch shall conform to the physical requirements prescribed such as density, compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, water absorption and air loss during pumping. The foaming agent being tested shall be used in making test specimens required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers foaming agents specifically formulated for making preformed foam for use in the production of cellular concrete.
1.2 The function of this specification is to provide the means for evaluating the performance of a specific foaming agent. This is accomplished by using the foaming agent in making a standard cellular concrete test batch (see Test Method C796) from which test specimens are cast. Then, significant properties of the concrete are determined by tests and compared with the requirements of Section 3.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers material for use as chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixtures for concrete. Concrete must meet the physical requirements such as compressive strength and flexural strength. The test admixture must show corrosion-inhibiting performance with the required mean integrated macrocell current of test beams and mean corroded area of test beams as a fraction of control. At the completion of testing, the mean chloride-ion content of the test beams must be greater than or equal to the critical chloride-ion content. Two types of concrete are used to make test specimens. One, the control concrete, is made without the chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixture. The other concrete, the test concrete, is made with the chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixture. Tests of freshly mixed concrete include slump test, air content test, and time of setting test. Test of hardened concrete include compressive strength test, flexural strength test, resistance to freezing and thawing test, and length change test. Corrosion testing shall also be done.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers material for use as chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixtures for concrete.
1.2 Results of the tests conducted to meet this specification are not to be used to rank the expected field performance of various chloride-corrosion-inhibiting admixtures.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. (WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )

ABSTRACT
This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field. The air-entraining admixture shall conform to the requirements such as initial and final time of setting, compressive strength, flexural strength, and length change (maximum shrinkage). Samples shall either be a grab sample (one obtained in a single operation) or a composite sample (one obtained by combining three or more grab samples). For the purpose of this specification, it is recognized that samples shall be taken for quality tests and uniformity tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to develop data for comparison with the requirements of Specification C260. These tests are based on arbitrary stipulations permitting highly standardized testing in the laboratory, and are not intended to simulate actual job conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because the inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.
Note 1—Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Specification E11. The alternative designation given in parentheses is for information only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field. The air-entraining admixture shall conform to the requirements such as initial and final time of setting, compressive strength, flexural strength, and length change (maximum shrinkage). Samples shall either be a grab sample (one obtained in a single operation) or a composite sample (one obtained by combining three or more grab samples). For the purpose of this specification, it is recognized that samples shall be taken for quality tests and uniformity tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the basic requirement for colored and white pigments in powder form to be used as admixtures in concrete for the purpose of producing integrally colored concrete. Where the pigments are a constituent of a multicomponent admixture, this specification applies to the pigment constituent of the admixture. This specification does not include the determination of pigment stability when elevated temperature using low-pressure (atmospheric) or high-pressure (autoclave) steam is used to accelerate the curing process. Cement (either Type I or Type II), aggregates, and admixtures materials shall be subjected to the following test methods: water wettability; alkali resistance; percentage of sulfates; water solubility; atmospheric curing stability; light resistance; effects on concrete, which include preparation of mixtures, making and curing, time of setting, air content, and compressive strength; and color match of shipment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the basic requirement for colored and white pigments in powder form to be used as admixtures in concrete for the purpose of producing integrally colored concrete. Where the pigments are a constituent of a multicomponent admixture, this specification applies to the pigment constituent of the admixture. This specification is not intended to establish compatibility of pigments with any other concrete admixtures unless they are tested in combination in accordance with 4.7.
1.2 This specification does not include the determination of pigment stability when elevated temperature using low-pressure (atmospheric) or high-pressure (autoclave) steam is used to accelerate the curing process.
1.3 In addition to tests defining the pigments themselves, a limited number of tests on concrete are included to define the effects on setting times, air content, and compressive strength. If more extensive information is required for a particular job, additional testing criteria and procedures should be agreed upon between the seller and user.
1.4 The maximum prescribed dosage rate of a pigment, established in accordance with 4.7, shall be equal to or less than 10 mass % of cement. When a combination of pigments is used to produce the desired color and color intensity, the total dosage rate of all pigments combined shall not exceed any of the individual maximum dosage rates of the component pigments.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Some values have only SI units because inch-pound equivalents are not used in practice.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to develop data for comparison with the requirements of Specification C260. These tests are based on arbitrary stipulations permitting highly standardized testing in the laboratory, and are not intended to simulate actual job conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be low. This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials specified or with materials proposed for specific work, and provides three levels of testing. The apparatus used shall be suitable for low temperature environment. The concrete, cementitious materials, aggregates, and air-entraining admixture shall be tested and shall conform to the values of chemical and performance requirements such as initial setting time, compressive strength, shrinkage, durability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be as low as -5.0 °C [23.0 °F] prior to the time of initial set.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with materials proposed for specific work (See 11.5). Unless otherwise requested by the purchaser, tests shall be made using suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—Whenever practicable, tests should be made using the concreting materials, the mixture proportions, and batching sequence proposed for the specific work (See 11.5) because the time of setting, compressive strength gain, and other properties may vary.
1.3 This specification provides three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the cold-weather admixture system meets the requirements of this specification. Uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section 6) shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made.  
1.3.2 Level 2—Limited retesting is described in 5.2, 5.2.1, and 5.2.2. Proof of compliance with the requirements of Table 1 demonstrates conformity of the admixture system with the requirements of this specification.
1.3.3 Level 3—For acceptance of a lot or for measuring uniformity within or between lots, when specified by the purchaser, uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section 6) shall be used.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion, Sections 11-18, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. WARNINGFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C1017/C1017M.
Note 2—The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).  
Note 3—Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be low. This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials specified or with materials proposed for specific work, and provides three levels of testing. The apparatus used shall be suitable for low temperature environment. The concrete, cementitious materials, aggregates, and air-entraining admixture shall be tested and shall conform to the values of chemical and performance requirements such as initial setting time, compressive strength, shrinkage, durability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be as low as -5.0 °C [23.0 °F].
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with materials proposed for specific work (See 11.5). Unless otherwise requested by the purchaser, tests shall be made using suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—Whenever practicable, tests should be made using the concreting materials, the mixture proportions, and batching sequence proposed for the specific work (See 11.5) because the time of setting, compressive strength gain, and other properties may vary.
1.3 This specification provides three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the cold-weather admixture system meets the requirements of this specification. Uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section 6) shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made.  
1.3.2 Level 2—Limited retesting is described in 5.2, 5.2.1, and 5.2.2. Proof of compliance with the requirements of Table 1 demonstrates conformity of the admixture system with the requirements of this specification.
1.3.3 Level 3—For acceptance of a lot or for measuring uniformity within or between lots, when specified by the purchaser, uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section 6) shall be used.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion, Sections 11-18, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the eight types as follows:
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures,  
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures, and
1.1.8 Type S—Specific performance admixtures.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C 1017.
Note 2—The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).  
Note 3—Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In this test method, the times required for the mortar to reach specified values of resistance to penetration are used to define times of setting.
This test method can be used to determine the effects of variables, such as water content; brand, type and amount of cementitious material; or admixtures, upon the time of setting of concrete. This test method may also be used to determine compliance with specified time-of-setting requirements.
This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts. However, when the setting time of concrete is desired, the test shall be performed on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture and not on a prepared mortar intended to simulate the mortar fraction of the concrete; it has been shown that the initial and final setting times may be increased when using the prepared mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the materials and the test methods for use in chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field. The seven types of admixtures are indicated as follows: Type A—water reducing; Type B—retarding; Type C—accelerating; Type D—water reducing and retarding; Type E—water reducing and accelerating; Type F—water reducing, high range; and Type G—water reducing, high range, and retarding. The materials used in the concrete mixtures shall include Type I or Type II cement, pozzolan, fine and coarse aggregates, and air-entraining admixture. Samples of freshly mixed concrete from at least three separate batches for each condition of concrete shall be tested in accordance with the slump, air content, time of setting, and water content tests. Physical properties retesting shall consist of uniformity and equivalence tests using infrared analysis which is intended to compare qualitatively the composition of different samples, residue by oven drying which shall be either a forced circulation type or one with provision for free access of air, and specific gravity determination using hydrometers. Test specimens of the hardened concrete shall be prepared in accordance to compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the seven types as follows:  
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures, and
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200–mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C 1017.
Note 2—The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).  
Note 3—Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.  
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the admixture meets the req...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to develop data for comparison with the requirements of Specification C 260. These tests are based on arbitrary stipulations permitting highly standardized testing in the laboratory, and are not intended to simulate actual job conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic cement concrete mixtures for use in producing flowing concrete. The two types of chemical admixtures are: Type I—plasticizing; and Type II—plasticizing and retarding. Tests of the chemical admixtures with reference concreting materials or with concrete-making materials proposed for specific work are specified. Three levels of testing are discussed: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. Type of admixtures shall conform to the physical requirements: time of setting, increase in slump, compressive strength, flexural strength, length of change after days of drying, and relative durability factor. Uniformity and equivalence shall be established by the following requirements: infrared analysis, residue by oven drying (liquid and nonliquid admixtures), and specific gravity (liquid admixtures). Tests for quality, uniformity, and equivalence shall be made. Samples of freshly mixed concrete shall be tested according to slump, air content, time of setting, and water content and unit weight. Hardened concrete shall be tested according to the following: compressive strength, flexural strength, resistance to freezing and thawing, and length change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic cement concrete mixtures for the purpose of producing flowing concrete. The types are as follows:
1.1.1 Type I - Plasticizing, and
1.1.2 Type II - Plasticizing and retarding.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of a chemical admixture with reference concreting materials or with concrete-making materials proposed for specific work. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using reference concreting materials.
1.3 If a chemical admixture has been tested and found to comply with the provisions of this specification using reference materials, and is being considered for use with other materials for specific work, additional tests for such use are allowed if agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier and are allowed to consist of a portion of the tests described herein.
1.4 This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.4.1 Level 1 - During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in demonstrates that the admixture meets the requirements of this specification. Uniformity and equivalence tests of the section on Lot Uniformity and Equivalence shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made.
1.4.2 Level 2 - Limited retesting described in the section relating to general requirements may be requested at intervals by the purchaser. Proof of compliance with the requirements of demonstrates continued conformity of the admixture with the requirements of the specification.
1.4.3 Level 3 - For acceptance of a lot or for measuring uniformity within or between lots, when specified by the purchaser, the uniformity and equivalence tests of the section on Lot Uniformity and Equivalence shall be used.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in inch-pound units shown in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
Note 1 - It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the concrete-making materials (cement, pozzolan, slag, aggregates, air-entraining admixture), the mixture proportions, and the batching sequence and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work. The specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete.
Note 2 - Temperature has a pronounced effect on time of setting of concrete. This may be exaggerated by the use of admixture Types I and II. If concrete temperatures to be expected on a particular job differ significantly from the conditions set forth in this specification, further testing may be desirable.
Note 3 - An unu...

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Since the setting of concrete is a gradual process, any definition of time of setting must necessarily be arbitrary. In this test method, the times required for the mortar to reach specified values of resistance to penetration are used to define times of setting.
This test method can be used to determine the effects of variables, such as water content; brand, type and amount of cementitious material; or admixtures, upon the time of setting of concrete. This test method may also be used to determine compliance with specified time-of-setting requirements.
This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts. However, when the setting time of concrete is desired, the test shall be performed on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture and not on a prepared mortar intended to simulate the mortar fraction of the concrete; it has been shown that the initial and final setting times may be increased when using the prepared mortar.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be low. This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials specified or with materials proposed for specific work, and provides three levels of testing. The apparatus used shall be suitable for low temperature environment. The concrete, cementitious materials, aggregates, and air-entraining admixture shall be tested and shall conform to the values of chemical and performance requirements such as initial setting time, compressive strength, shrinkage, durability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be as low as 23.0 °F [-5.0 °C].
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with materials proposed for specific work (See 11.5). Unless otherwise requested by the purchaser, tests shall be made using suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—Whenever practicable, tests should be made using the concreting materials, the mixture proportions, and batching sequence proposed for the specific work (See 11.5) because the time of setting, compressive strength gain, and other properties may vary.
1.3 This specification provides three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the cold-weather admixture system meets the requirements of this specification. Uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section 6) shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made.
1.3.2 Level 2—Limited retesting is described in 5.2, 5.2.1, and 5.2.2. Proof of compliance with the requirements of Table 1 demonstrates conformity of the admixture system with the requirements of this specification.
1.3.3 Level 3—For acceptance of a lot or for measuring uniformity within or between lots, when specified by the purchaser, uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section ) shall be used.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion, Sections 11-18, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. WARNING—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field. The air-entraining admixture shall conform to the requirements such as initial and final time of setting, compressive strength, flexural strength, and length change (maximum shrinkage). Samples shall either be a grab sample (one obtained in a single operation) or a composite sample (one obtained by combining three or more grab samples). For the purpose of this specification, it is recognized that samples shall be taken for quality tests and uniformity tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures to be added to concrete mixtures in the field.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The text of this specification references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers foaming agents specifically formulated for making preformed foam for use in the production of cellular concrete. The function of this specification is to provide the means for evaluating the performance of a specific foaming agent. The test batch shall conform to the physical requirements prescribed such as density, compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, water absorption and air loss during pumping. The foaming agent being tested shall be used in making test specimens required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers foaming agents specifically formulated for making preformed foam for use in the production of cellular concrete.
1.2 The function of this specification is to provide the means for evaluating the performance of a specific foaming agent. This is accomplished by using the foaming agent in making a standard cellular concrete test batch (see Test Method C 796) from which test specimens are cast. Then, significant properties of the concrete are determined by tests and compared with the requirements of Section .
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the seven types as follows:
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures, and
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200-mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C 1017.
Note 2—The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3—Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the admixture meets the requirements of this specification. Admixtures (except for Types B, C, and E) shall qualify for provisional compliance when the alternative compressive strength requirements in Table 1 are met. If subsequent test results at 6 months or one year fail to meet the standard requirement of 100 % of reference strength, the compliance of the admixture to this standard is withdrawn and all users of the admixture shall be notified immediately. Uniformity and equivalence tests of Section 6 shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made (See Note 4).
Note 0&38212;Allowing for provisional compliance while retaining longer term compressive strength requirements promotes more rapid qualification of new materials, but also provides assurance that new admixture technologies will not exhibit unexpected longer term performance. The alternative compressive strength requirements in are based on statistical analysis of 103 Specification C 494/C 494M evaluation tests. The alternative requirements correspond to a 99 % probability of passing subsequent test age requirements.
1.3.2 Level 2—Limited retesting is described in 5.2, 5.2.1 and 5.2.2. Proof of compliance with the requirements of demonstrates continued conformity of the admixture with the requirements of the specification.
1.3.3 Level 3—For acceptance of a lot o...

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers cold-weather admixture systems to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete when the temperature of the concrete immediately after placement will be as low as 23.0 F [-5.0 C].
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of the cold-weather admixture system with suitable materials as described in or with materials proposed for specific work (See ). Unless otherwise requested by the purchaser, tests shall be made using suitable concreting materials as described in .Note 1
Whenever practicable, tests should be made using the concreting materials, the mixture proportions, and batching sequence proposed for the specific work (See ) because the time of setting, compressive strength gain, and other properties may vary.
1.3 This specification provides three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in demonstrates that the cold-weather admixture system meets the requirements of this specification. Uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section ) shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made.
1.3.2 Level 2Limited retesting is described in , , and . Proof of compliance with the requirements of demonstrates conformity of the admixture system with the requirements of this specification.
1.3.3 Level 3For acceptance of a lot or for measuring uniformity within or between lots, when specified by the purchaser, uniformity and equivalence tests (See Section ) shall be used.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion, Sections , of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. WARNING-Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in the field for the purpose or purposes indicated for the seven types as follows:
1.1.1 Type A—Water-reducing admixtures,
1.1.2 Type B—Retarding admixtures,
1.1.3 Type C—Accelerating admixtures,
1.1.4 Type D—Water-reducing and retarding admixtures,
1.1.5 Type E—Water-reducing and accelerating admixtures,
1.1.6 Type F—Water-reducing, high range admixtures, and
1.1.7 Type G—Water-reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures.
1.2 This specification stipulates tests of an admixture with suitable concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3 or with cement, pozzolan, aggregates, and an air-entraining admixture proposed for specific work (11.4). Unless specified otherwise by the purchaser, the tests shall be made using concreting materials as described in 11.1-11.3.
Note 1—It is recommended that, whenever practicable, tests be made using the cement, pozzolan, aggregates, air-entraining admixture, and the mixture proportions, batching sequence, and other physical conditions proposed for the specific work (11.4) because the specific effects produced by chemical admixtures may vary with the properties and proportions of the other ingredients of the concrete. For instance, Types F and G admixtures may exhibit much higher water reduction in concrete mixtures having higher cement factors than that listed in 12.1.1.
Mixtures having a high range water reduction generally display a higher rate of slump loss. When high-range admixtures are used to impart increased workability (6 to 8-in. slump [150 to 200-mm]), the effect may be of limited duration, reverting to the original slump in 30 to 60 min depending on factors normally affecting rate of slump loss. The use of chemical admixtures to produce high-slump (flowing) concrete is covered by Specification C 1017.
Note 2—The purchaser should ensure that the admixture supplied for use in the work is equivalent in composition to the admixture subjected to test under this specification (see Section 6, Uniformity and Equivalence).
Note 3—Admixtures that contain relatively large amounts of chloride may accelerate corrosion of prestressing steel. Compliance with the requirements of this specification does not constitute assurance of acceptability of the admixture for use in prestressed concrete.
1.3 This specification provides for three levels of testing.
1.3.1 Level 1—During the initial approval stage, proof of compliance with the performance requirements defined in Table 1 demonstrates that the admixture meets the requirements of this specification. Admixtures (except for Types B, C, and E) shall qualify for provisional compliance when the alternative compressive strength requirements in Table 1 are met. If subsequent test results at 6 months or one year fail to meet the standard requirement of 100 % of reference strength, the compliance of the admixture to this standard is withdrawn and all users of the admixture shall be notified immediately. Uniformity and equivalence tests of Section 6 shall be carried out to provide results against which later comparisons can be made (See Note 4).
Note 0&38212;Allowing for provisional compliance while retaining longer term compressive strength requirements promotes more rapid qualification of new materials, but also provides assurance that new admixture technologies will not exhibit unexpected longer term performance. The alternative compressive strength requirements in are based on statistical analysis of 103 Specification C 494/C 494M evaluation tests. The alternative requirements correspond to a 99 % probability of passing subsequent test age requirements.
1.3.2 Level 2—Limited retesting is described in 5.2, 5.2.1 and 5.2.2. Proof of compliance with the requirements of demonstrates continued conformity of the admixture with the requirements of the specification.
1.3.3 Level 3—For acceptance of a lot o...

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the basic requirement for colored and white pigments in powder form to be used as admixtures in concrete for the purpose of producing integrally colored concrete. Where the pigments are a constituent of a multicomponent admixture, this specification applies to the pigment constituent of the admixture. This specification does not include the determination of pigment stability when elevated temperature using low-pressure (atmospheric) or high-pressure (autoclave) steam is used to accelerate the curing process. Cement (either Type I or Type II), aggregates, and admixtures materials shall be subjected to the following test methods: water wettability; alkali resistance; percentage of sulfates; water solubility; atmospheric curing stability; light resistance; effects on concrete, which include preparation of mixtures, making and curing, time of setting, air content, and compressive strength; and color match of shipment.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the basic requirement for colored and white pigments in powder form to be used as admixtures in concrete for the purpose of producing integrally colored concrete. Where the pigments are a constituent of a multicomponent admixture, this specification applies to the pigment constituent of the admixture. This specification is not intended to establish compatibility of pigments with any other concrete admixtures unless they are tested in combination in accordance with .
1.2 This specification does not include the determination of pigment stability when elevated temperature using low-pressure (atmospheric) or high-pressure (autoclave) steam is used to accelerate the curing process.
1.3 In addition to tests defining the pigments themselves, a limited number of tests on concrete are included to define the effects on setting times, air content, and compressive strength. If more extensive information is required for a particular job, additional testing criteria and procedures should be agreed upon between the seller and user.
1.4 The maximum prescribed dosage rate of a pigment, established in accordance with , shall be equal to or less than 10 mass % of cement. When a combination of pigments is used to produce the desired color and color intensity, the total dosage rate of all pigments combined shall not exceed any of the individual maximum dosage rates of the component pigments.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information purposes only.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time of setting of concrete, with slump greater than zero, by means of penetration resistance measurements on mortar sieved from the concrete mixture.
1.2 This test method is suitable for use only when tests of the mortar fraction will provide the information required.
1.3 This test method may also be applied to prepared mortars and grouts.
1.4 This test method is applicable under controlled laboratory conditions, as well as under field conditions.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the testing of materials proposed for use as air-entraining admixtures in the field.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information purposes only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used to develop data for comparison or compliance with the requirements of Specification C 869.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method furnishes a way of measuring, in the laboratory, the performance of a foaming chemical to be used in producing foam (air cells) for making cellular concrete.
1.2 This test method includes the following:
1.2.1 Manufacture of laboratory quantities of cellular concrete.
1.2.2 Determination of the air content of the freshly prepared cellular concrete and of the hardened concrete after handling in conventional machinery.
1.2.3 Determination of the following properties of the hardened concrete: compressive strength, tensile splitting strength, density, and water absorption. It may not be necessary to study all of the above properties in all cases, depending on the proposed use of the material.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.