ASTM D1657-89

Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Thermohydrometer (Withdrawn 1998)

General Information

• Status: Historical
• ICS: 75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.02 - Hydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API)

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D1657-02 - Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING ANO MATERIALS
An American National Standard
(@) Designation: D 1657 - 89
1916 Race SI., Philadelphia, Pa. 19103
Reprinlod from the Annual Book 01 ACTM Standards, Copyrighl ASTM
Il not lisled in the Current combined index, will appear in lhe MXI &ilion.
Standard Test Method for
Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by
Pressure Thermohydrometer'
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1657; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates theyear of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
reference temperatures in general use are 15°C and 60°F for both 1, and
1. Scope
t2, but other temperatures may be employed for ti.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the
relative density or density of light hydrocarbons including
4. Summary of Test Method
liquefied petroleum gases (LPG).
4.1 The apparatus is purged with a portion of the sample
1.2 The prescribed apparatus should not be used for
before filing with the portion to be used for testing. The
1.4 MPa (14
materials having vapor pressures higher than
pressure cylinder is filled to a level at which the enclosed
bar) at the test temperature. (The SI unit of pressure is the
hydrometer floats freely. The hydrometer reading and the
pascal: 1 Pa = 1 N/m2; IO5 Pa = 1 bar = 1.01972 kgf/cm2.)
temperature of the sample are noted.
NOTE 1-Attention is drawn to the hazards encountered when
working with liquefied petroleum gas or light hydrocarbons. The
5. Significance and Use
requirements of any national, local, or, domestic safety code should
5.1 The density or relative density of light hydrocarbons
always be strictly observed.
and liquefied petroleum gases is determined to satisfy
1.3 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the
transportation, storage, and regulatory requirements, Al-
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
though this determination does not describe any particular
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, oper-
performance characteristic, density or relative density can be
ations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
used to indicate approximate component concentrations in
address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is
liquefied petroleum mixtures.
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
6. Apparatus'
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 Thermohydrometers, made of glass, graduated in den-
sity with a range from 500 to 650 kg/m3, or in relative
2. Referenced Documents
density with a wide range from 0.500 to 0.650, and con-
1.
2. i ASTM Standards: forming to the dimensions given in Table
6.2 Hydrometer Cylinder, constructed of glass or trans-
D 1250 Petroleum Measurement Tables (ASTM 1250/APl
2540/IP 200)2 parent plastic; for example, poly(methy1 methacrylate) or
E 100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers3 equivalent material, conforming to the design and dimen-
sions given in Fig. 1. The ends shall be tightly sealed with
neoprene gaskets and metal end plates as shown in Fig. 1.
3. Terminology
6.2.1 Caution-A protective shield shall be placed around
3.1 Definitions:
glass cylinder. Replace any cylinders that show
the plastic or
3.1.1 density-the mass of the liquid per unit volume at a
of fogging, crazing, cracking, or etching.
signs
temperature t.
NOTE 3-Certain compounds attack plastics and cloud the inner
3.1.2 relative density (this term now replaces the former
surface of the cylinder, making it difficult or impossible to read the
term "specific gravity")-the ratio of the mass of a given
hydrometer. Tests showed no attack by ethane, ethylene, propane,
volume of the liquid at a temperature tl to the mass of an
propylene, butane, isobutane, normal butylenes, isobutylene, pentane,
equal volume of pure water at a temperature t2.
and kopentane, and no attack is expected from bufadiene and
acetaldehyde. Users are cautioned, however, to clean the cylinder
NOTE 2-When reporting the density, the units of mass and volume
thoroughly aRer each determination.
be explicitly stated; for,
used, together with the temperature, should
Ketones and alcohols should not be used for cleaning as they attack
example, kg/m3 at toc. The standard reference temperatures are 15°C
and weaken plastics while aromatics also tend to attack the surface of
and 60°F.
plastics and should similarly not be used.
When reporting the relative density, the temperatures t I and tz should
be explicitly stated; for example, relative density 60/60'F. The standard
6.2.2 The liquid inlet valve and the liquid outlet valve
shall be tightly connected to a base plate that shall be bored
a com
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