ASTM D4276-02(2007)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Confined Area Entry
Standard Practice for Confined Area Entry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Vapor inhalation is the primary hazard encountered in the use of chlorinated solvents. The greatest potential for over exposure to these solvent vapors occurs where the employee is exposed to the high concentrations of vapor that may be found in confined areas. The seriousness of this hazard is often underestimated by those performing this type of work.
This practice is designed for use by employers in developing their own specific standards for vessel or confined area entry.
Many of these areas are considered as permit-required confined spaces as defined by OSHA (29 CFR 1910.146). The determination of the applicability of these requirements is the responsibility of the user.
This practice represents the minimum requirements for entry into any confined area containing halogenated solvents.
This practice does not address all of the requirements contained in the OSHA confined spaces standard. Development and implementation of training programs, recordkeeping, and other additional requirements of the OSHA standard are the responsibility of the user.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers recognized procedures necessary to protect the health and safety of workers required to enter confined spaces. These procedures are particularly applicable to entry into the confined areas associated with the use of halogenated organic solvents.
1.2 Confined areas addressed in this practice include, but are not limited to: vapor degreasers, cold cleaning tanks, storage vessels, tank cars and trucks, van trailers, ships or barges, pits or sumps, and unventilated rooms.
1.3 This practice does not necessarily address entry into all confined spaces nor does it address the decision strategy involved in requiring such entry.
1.4 Although this practice describes specific safety steps to be taken for entry into confined spaces, it is not intended to preclude the use of any additional measures that may be deemed necessary for a particular situation.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D4276 −02(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Practice for
Confined Area Entry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4276; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This practice covers recognized procedures necessary to
4.1 Vapor inhalation is the primary hazard encountered in
protect the health and safety of workers required to enter
the use of chlorinated solvents. The greatest potential for over
confined spaces. These procedures are particularly applicable
exposure to these solvent vapors occurs where the employee is
to entry into the confined areas associated with the use of
exposed to the high concentrations of vapor that may be found
halogenated organic solvents.
in confined areas. The seriousness of this hazard is often
underestimated by those performing this type of work.
1.2 Confinedareasaddressedinthispracticeinclude,butare
not limited to: vapor degreasers, cold cleaning tanks, storage
4.2 This practice is designed for use by employers in
vessels, tank cars and trucks, van trailers, ships or barges, pits
developing their own specific standards for vessel or confined
or sumps, and unventilated rooms.
area entry.
1.3 This practice does not necessarily address entry into all
4.3 Many of these areas are considered as permit-required
confined spaces nor does it address the decision strategy
confined spaces as defined by OSHA(29 CFR 1910.146). The
involved in requiring such entry.
determination of the applicability of these requirements is the
responsibility of the user.
1.4 Although this practice describes specific safety steps to
be taken for entry into confined spaces, it is not intended to
4.4 This practice represents the minimum requirements for
preclude the use of any additional measures that may be
entry into any confined area containing halogenated solvents.
deemed necessary for a particular situation.
4.5 This practice does not address all of the requirements
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
containedintheOSHAconfinedspacesstandard.Development
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and implementation of training programs, recordkeeping, and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
other additional requirements of the OSHA standard are the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
responsibility of the user.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Procedure
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 All personnel working in confined areas must be prop-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
erly trained in safe entry and rescue procedures. They must
CFR 1910.146 U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational
have a working knowledge and understanding of the hazards
Safety and Health Standards, Permit-Required Confined
that may exist.
Spaces
5.2 Entry Permit—Entry into confined areas must be by
3. Summary of Practice
written entry permit, issued by the responsible supervisor or
other qualified person. The purpose of the entry permit is to
3.1 Confined area entry refers to the entering of any tank,
ensure that a checklist of precautions has been reviewed prior
vessel, sump, pit, duct, tank car, tank truck, van trailer, or
to entry. This permit is an authorization, and approval in
enclosed space in which there has been, or may have been
writing certifying that all existing hazards have been evaluated
chemicals, chemical vapors, or a lack of ventilation.
and necessary protective measures have been taken to ensure
the safety of the worker. The permit should be valid for a
limited time only, (usually an 8 or 10-h shift) and issuance of
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D26 on Haloge-
a new permit required in the event of any job interruption or
nated Organic Solvents and Fire Extinguishing Agents and is the direct responsi-
any indication of changes in job conditions. Issuance of the
bility of Subcommittee D26.05 on Industrial Hygiene.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originally
entry permit must address all of the following considerations.
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4276 – 02 . DOI:
10.1520/D4276-02R07. 5.3 Area Preparation:
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4276−02 (2007)
5.3.1 Isolation—All process lines exiting or entering the communications equipment for summoning additional help if
confined area must be disconnected, capped off, and blinded. necessary (for example, two-way radio, whistle, etc.). Under
Closing of valves alone is not adequate protection. no conditions should this attendant enter the enclosed area
5.3.2 Lockout—Pumps or any other mechanical or electrical unless others are standing by. If the observer is required to
leave his post, the person inside the enclosed space must come
equipment (particularly conveyors), connected to the confined
area, are to be locked out by locking the main electrical switch out.
in the “OFF” position.
5.8 Tools—Approved low-voltage electrical equipment
5.3.3 Cleaning—The space must be cleared, flushed, or
must be used where the atmo
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