ASTM C1451-05

Standard Practice for Determining Uniformity of Ingredients of Concrete From a Single Source

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice provides a systematic procedure for sampling and determining the uniformity of user-selected properties of ingredients of concrete. Results derived from application of the practice are generally intended for information only and are not requirements of any existing ASTM specification on concrete or concrete materials. A concrete materials specification may make reference to this practice as a means of obtaining uniformity information, but needs to define the properties to be measured and the lot size and sample unit to be used. The practice is applicable to both producers of concrete materials and to consumers of concrete materials, although details of application of the practice may vary, depending on the intended purpose of the user of the practice.
The procedure is applicable to any property of any concrete ingredient that can be described quantitatively, and for which conventional parametric statistics are applicable. The procedure is based on grab samples, which will tend to show the maximum amount of variation in the selected material property. The procedure was developed for application to materials from a single source, but it can be applied to a materials delivery stream from more than one source, depending on the purposes of the user of the practice. Calculations are corrected for testing error, therefore giving an estimate of the uniformity of the selected material property. The uniformity of the selected material property provides the user with one indicator of the source variation of the concrete ingredient.
Although variability in properties of concrete materials can be a significant cause of variability in concrete properties, this practice does not purport to give information on this relationship. This practice does give information on uniformity of ingredients from which the user can, along with supplementary information or correlative testing of concrete properties, develop quantitative estimates of the effects.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for determining the uniformity of properties of concrete materials from a single source. It includes recommendations on sampling, testing, analysis of data, and reporting.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2005
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.94 - Evaluation of Data (Joint C09 and C01)

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C1451-99 - Standard Practice for Determining Uniformity of Ingredients of Concrete From a Single Source
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM C1451-11 - Standard Practice for Determining Uniformity of Ingredients of Concrete From a Single Source
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C917/C917M-18 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Variability of Cement from a Single Source Based on Strength
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2005

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1451–05
Standard Practice for
Determining Uniformity of Ingredients of Concrete From a
1
Single Source
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1451; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Ma-
terials
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for determining the
2.2 Other Document
uniformity of properties of concrete materials from a single
MNL 7 (STP 150) Manual on Presentation of Data and
source. It includes recommendations on sampling, testing,
Control Chart Analysis, 6th edition
analysis of data, and reporting.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3. Terminology
standard.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to this
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
practice refer to Terminology C125, Terminology C219, De-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
scriptive Nomenclature C294, and Descriptive Nomenclature
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C638.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.1 lot, n—a user-defined quantity, typically representing
2. Referenced Documents any amount of material for which uniformity information is to
2
be calculated.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The minimum lot size is generally the
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
amount of material in a single conveyance, such as a truck
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
load, a rail-car load, or a barge load.At the other extreme, a lot
Specimens)
might be defined by a user as the total amount of material used
C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-
in a single construction or by a supplier as the amount of
gregates
material produced over a given interval of time.
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
3.2.2 sampling unit, n—amount of material from which a
C294 Descriptive Nomenclature for Constituents of Con-
grab sample is taken.
crete Aggregates
3.2.2.1 Discussion—Generally a lot is subdivided into sam-
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
pling units, and then sampling units are chosen at random for
Concrete
taking of grab samples. The size of the sampling unit is
C638 Descriptive Nomenclature of Constituents of Aggre-
user-defined, depending on the purposes of the evaluation. The
gates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete
term sub lot is sometimes used to define this concept.
C917 Test Method for Evaluation of Cement Strength
Uniformity From a Single Source
4. Significance and Use
D75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
4.1 This practice provides a systematic procedure for sam-
pling and determining the uniformity of user-selected proper-
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete ties of ingredients of concrete. Results derived from applica-
andConcreteAggregatesandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC09.94on
tion of the practice are generally intended for information only
Evaluation of Data.
and are not requirements of any existing ASTM specification
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally
on concrete or concrete materials. A concrete materials speci-
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as C1451 – 99. DOI:
10.1520/C1451-05.
fication may make reference to this practice as a means of
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
obtaining uniformity information, but needs to define the
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
propertiestobemeasuredandthelotsizeandsampleunittobe
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
used. The practice is applicable to both producers of concrete
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1

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C1451–05
materials and to consumers of concrete materials, although samples by the date on which the material was shipped or
details of application of the practice may vary, depending on received, its source, and designated type and applicable speci-
the intended purpose of the user of the practice. fications.
4.2 The procedure is applicable to any property of any 5.4.1 SamplecementinaccordancewithTestMethodC917.
concreteingredientthatcanbedescribedquantitatively,andfor 5.4.2 Sample fine and coarse
...