iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM D3379-75(1989)e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength and Young's Modulus for High-Modulus Single-Filament Materials (Withdrawn 1998)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength and Young's Modulus for High-Modulus Single-Filament Materials (Withdrawn 1998)

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the preparation, mounting, and testing of high-modulus single-filament materials [over > 21 10 9  Pa (> 3 106  psi)] for the determination of tensile strength and Young's modulus, at room temperature.
1.2 This test method is limited to single filaments utilizing a fixed gage length at least 2000 times longer than the nominal filament diameter.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the preparation, mounting, and testing of high-modulus single-filament materials [over > 21 109  Pa (> 3 106  psi)] for the determination of tensile strength and Young's modulus, at room temperature.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee C28 on Advanced Ceramics, this test method was withdrawn in July 1998 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
27-Feb-1975
Withdrawal Date
16-Jul-1998
ICS
59.060.01 - Textile fibres in general
Technical Committee
C28 - Advanced Ceramics
Drafting Committee
C28.07 - Ceramic Matrix Composites
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM C1366-19 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Monolithic Advanced Ceramics at Elevated Temperatures
Effective Date
28-Feb-1975
Referred By
ASTM C1275-18 - Standard Test Method for Monotonic Tensile Behavior of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid Rectangular Cross-Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperature
Effective Date
28-Feb-1975
Referred By
ASTM C1359-18e1 - Standard Test Method for Monotonic Tensile Strength Testing of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics With Solid Rectangular Cross Section Test Specimens at Elevated Temperatures
Effective Date
28-Feb-1975
Referred By
ASTM C1358-18 - Standard Test Method for Monotonic Compressive Strength Testing of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Advanced Ceramics with Solid Rectangular Cross Section Test Specimens at Ambient Temperatures
Effective Date
28-Feb-1975
Referred By
ASTM C1273-18 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Monolithic Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperatures
Effective Date
28-Feb-1975

Buy Standard

ASTM D3379-75(1989)e1 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength and Young's Modulus for High-Modulus Single-Filament Materials (Withdrawn 1998)ASTM D3379-75(1989)e1 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength and Young's Modulus for High-Modulus Single-Filament Materials (Withdrawn 1998)
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM D3379-75(1989)e1 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength and Young's Modulus for High-Modulus Single-Filament Materials (Withdrawn 1998)
English language
5 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
Designation: D 3379 – 75 (Reapproved 1989)
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Strength and Young’s Modulus for High-Modulus
Single-Filament Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3379; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in May 1989.
1. Scope mined experimentally for a given combination of test machine
conditions, grip system and mounted specimen. It must be
1.1 This test method covers the preparation, mounting, and
subtracted from the indicated elongation to yield true specimen
testing of high-modulus single-filament materials [over >
elongation in the gage length (Note 1). System compliance
21 3 10 Pa (> 3 3 10 psi)] for the determination of tensile
correctionwillnotapplywhenelongationinthespecimengage
strength and Young’s modulus, at room temperature.
length is determined by direct measurement.
1.2 This test method is limited to single filaments utilizing a
fixed gage length at least 2000 times longer than the nominal
NOTE 1—The magnitude of the system compliance can be a significant
filament diameter.
portionoftheindicatedcompliance.Extremecaremustbeexercisedinthe
determination of this correction as outlined in 8.2.
1.3 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
3.2 Definitions of terms and symbols relating to this test
address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is
method appear in TerminologyE6, and the Appendix to Test
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
Method D 638.
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
4. Summary of Test Method
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Arandom selection of single filaments is made from the
2. Referenced Documents
material to be tested. The filaments are center-line mounted on
2.1 ASTM Standards:
special slotted tabs. The tabs are gripped so that the test
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
specimen is aligned axially in the jaws of a constant-speed
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
movable-crosshead test machine. The filaments are then
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
stressed to failure at a constant strain rate.
ing
4.2 For this test method, filament cross-sectional areas are
determined by planimeter measurements of a representative
3. Terminology
number of filament cross sections as displayed on highly
3.1 Definitions:
magnified photomicrographs. Alternative methods of area de-
3.1.1 mounting tab—a thin paper, compliant metal, or
termination such as optical gages, image-splitting microscope,
plastic strip with a longitudinal slot of fixed gage length. The
linear weight-density method, etc, may also be used.
mounting tab should be as thin as practicable to minimize
4.3 Tensile strength and Young’s modulus are calculated
filament misalignment.
from the load-elongation records and the cross-sectional area
3.1.2 system compliance—that portion of the indicated
measurements.
elongation contributed by the load train system and the
specimen gripping system. This compliance must be deter- 5. Significance and Use
5.1 Properties determined by this test method are very
useful in the evaluation of new materials at the research and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-28 on
development levels. Very short filaments, such as whiskers of
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.07 on
Ceramic Matrix Composites. nonuniform cross section, call for highly specialized test
Current edition approved Feb. 28, 1975. Published April 1975.
techniques not covered by this test method.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
e1
D 3379 – 75 (1989)
6. Apparatus test specimens are gently separated from the strand bundle.
Selection should be random. The critical considerations are
6.1 Tensile strength and Young’s modulus properties of
that the filament be not visibly damaged or attached to another
single-filament specimens may be determined by several es-
filament, and have sufficient length.
tablished testing procedures. The apparatus described herein
7.2 Segments used for area determinations shall represent
shall use a constant-strain-rate tensile testing machine with a
the same population as those used for tensile testing.
test specimen bonded to a suitable tab.
FIG. 1 Tab Showing Typical Specimen Mounting Method
6.2 Stationary Member—This member shall be rigidly fixed 8. Procedure
to the test machine frame and shall contain a housing, located
8.1 Test Specimen Mounting:
on the machine centerline, for a load cell and part of the
8.1.1 Loosely place a strand bundle from the material to be
specimen grip assembly.
tested on a suitable work surface.
6.3 Movable Member—This member, also called the cross-
8.1.2 Randomly choose and carefully separate a suitable
head, shall be driven at a constant preset strain rate. It shall
single-filament specimen from the strand bundle.
containanadaptor,onthemachinecenterline,fortheotherpart
8.1.3 The specimen gage length shall be the same for a
of the specimen grip assembly.
giventestgroup.Determinethelengthtothenearest 60.1mm.
6.4 Load Cell—The load-sensing device shall have suffi-
NOTE 2—For this test method, the specimen gage length shall be
cient capacity to accept and transmit load signals above the
between 20 and 30 mm. The tab shape should be proportioned as shown
highest anticipated loads. Its accuracy shall be verified in
in Fig. 1, with an overall length about three times the specimen gage
accordance with PracticesE4.
length and a width of about one half the gage length.
6.5 Grips—The gripping system shall be of a design such
8.1.4 Use a tab (Fig. 1) for specimen mounting. Center the
that axial alignment may be easily accomplished without
specimen over the tab slot with one end taped to the tab.
damaging the specimens.
8.1.5 Lightlystretchthefilamentandtapeitsoppositeendto
6.6 Load- and Elongation-Measuring System—A record of
the tab.
test load to failure, with corresponding indicated elongation,
8.1.6 Carefully place a small amount of suitable adhesive
shall be provided. For this test method, chart and crosshead
on the filament at each edge of the slot and bond the filament
speeds shall be provided to produce acceptable data.
to the mounting tab.
6.7 Mounting Tabs—A typical test specimen mounting tab
8.1.7 Repeat 8.1.2-8.1.6 to complete the test group.
is shown in Fig. 1.Alternative methods of specimen mounting
8.2 Filament Specimen Testing:
may be used.
8.2.1 Stabilize the tensile test machine in accordance with
6.8 Metallographic Capability—This test area should have
the manufacturer’s instructions.
the following capabilities:
8.2.2 Calibrate the test machine before testing begins and at
6.8.1 Sample Preparation and Encapsulation in Potting
4-h intervals throughout the work period.
Compound.
8.2.3 Set the crosshead and chart recorder speeds to provide
6.8.2 Metallographic Polishing Units.
a test time to specimen fracture of about 1 min. Make load
6.8.3 Metallograph Unit, with high magnification capabili-
scale range selection such that specimen fracture occu
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM D7641-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Textile Fibers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is intended for use as a reference to improve the understanding of the relationship between commercial name, fiber identification and geographical regions of fiber origins that make up the composition of textile products.  
4.2 This guide is intended to be used as a source of information only.  
4.2.1 Detailed analysis, to verify specific data related to the composition of a particular fiber, may be necessary.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide lists fibers used to manufacture textile products.  
1.2 Specific groups of fibers are identified using tables of standard classification.  
1.2.1 Animal fibers are identified by commercial name, biological name, end use, and geographic source.  
1.2.2 Vegetable fibers are identified by commercial name, botanical name, staple length or description, and geographic source.  
1.2.3 Mineral fibers are identified by commercial name, mineralogical name, chemical description, and geographic source.  
1.2.4 Manufactured fibers are identified by commercial name, generic name, and major component.  
1.3 Major fiber types used for textile purposes are further classified.  
1.3.1 Manufactured fibers are identified as having either an organic base or inorganic base.  
1.3.2 Natural fibers are identified as having a cellulosic, protein, or mineral base.  
1.4 A glossary of generic names and definitions for manufactured fibers is included as additional information.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    13 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3460-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Seam Measurement Procedure for Baseballs and Softballs

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The ball seam height of a baseball or softball is a measurement that can correlate to ball grip and aerodynamic properties.  
4.2 This test method is suitable for obtaining data in research and development, quality control, and classifying balls by seam type.  
4.3 Sports associations can use seam height standards in specifications for official baseballs and softballs.  
4.4 Users of this test method may be testing individual baseballs or softballs or entire production lots of baseballs or softballs. If a single ball or small sample of balls are being measured for individual properties, multiple measurements should be performed on the balls. If a large sample of balls is being measured for the overall seam characteristics of the large sample, then an individual seam height measurement may be recorded for a ball. Thus, number of measurement points (m) on any one ball is at the discretion of the test sponsor of this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is intended to standardize a method of measuring the seam height of baseballs and softballs.  
1.2 This standard is established to provide a single, repeatable, and uniform test method.  
1.3 This test method is for a ball that is intended for use in the game of baseball or softball.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D3822/D3822M-14(2020)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D3822 using test specimens having gauge lengths of 10 mm [0.4 in.] or greater is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since the test method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. Critical differences noted in Tables 1 and 2 were obtained on man-made fibers having a gauge length of 25 mm [1.0 in.] and 250 mm [10 in.]. Natural fibers or fibers having lesser or greater gauge lengths may provide different values and may require comparative testing. (See 5.1.1.)  (A) The critical differences were calculated using t = 1.960, which is based on infinite degrees of freedom.  (A) The critical differences were calculated using t = 1.960, which is based on infinite degrees of freedom  
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D3822 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing begins. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results for that material in view of test results with consideration to the known bias.  
5.2 The breaking tenacity, calculated from the breaking force and the linear density, and the elongation are fundamental properties that are widely used to establish limitations on f...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tensile properties of natural and man-made single textile fibers of sufficient length to permit mounting test specimens in a tensile testing machine.  
1.2 This test method is also applicable to continuous (filament) and discontinuous (staple) fibers or filaments taken from yarns or tow. When the fibers to be tested contain crimp, or if the tow or yarns have been subjected to bulking, crimping, or texturing process, the tensile properties are determined after removal of the crimp.  
Note 1: Testing of filaments taken from yarns or tow, included in this test method was originally covered in Test Method D2101, that is discontinued.  
1.3 The words “fiber” and “filament” are used interchangeably throughout this test method.  
1.4 This test method is also applicable to fibers removed from yarns, or from yarns processed further into fabrics. It should be recognized that yarn and manufacturing processes can influence or modify the tensile properties of fibers. Consequently, tensile properties determined on fibers taken from yarns, or from yarns that have been processed into fabrics, may be different than for the same fibers prior to being subjected to yarn or fabric manufacturing processes.  
1.5 This test method provides directions for measuring the breaking force and elongation at break of single textile fibers and for calculating breaking tenacity, initial modulus, chord modulus, tangent modulus, tensile stress at specified elongation, and breaking toughness.  
1.6 Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet single fibers are included. The test method is applicable to testing under a wide range of conditions.  
1.7 As the length of the test specimen decreases, the tensile strength is likely to increase, but the accuracy of the tensile properties determined may decrease, which may require the need to increase the number of test specimens. T...

  • Standard
    11 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D4466-02(2018)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Related to Multicomponent Textile Fibers

SCOPE
1.1 Man-made polymers can be combined during manufacture, or natural polymers can be formed during growth, to produce multicomponent fibers having special properties such as cross dyeability, differential shrinkage, or bulk. This standard contains terms which can be used to describe the physical arrangement of components of such fibers. The schematic diagram in Annex A1 provides a guide for interpreting the terminology used in describing two- and three-component fibers, but is not intended to be limiting. Some examples of usage are given in Annex A2, and a bibliography of related literature is given in Appendix X1.  
1.2 For definitions of other textile terms, refer to Terminology D123.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2102-02(2018)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers (Bundle Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Limited accuracy in measuring the change in length produces errors in estimating values for shrinkage below 10 %. However, this test is being used for low level shrinkage fibers because the results give have been found to give an adequate indication of average shrinkage at the lower levels. The test is not adequate for determining variability in average shrinkage at low levels. If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use the samples for such a comparative tests that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.2 This test method for testing the shrinkage of fibers is not recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fibers because only a limited amount of data is available. See Section 14.  
5.3 This test method may be used for acceptance testing of commercial shipments of fibers; but caution is advised since information on between laboratory precision is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 5.1 are advised.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the unrestrained shrinkage of a bundle of crimped or uncrimped fibers from exposure to some environment, for instance, boiling water for 15 min.  
1.1.1 This test method may be used on fibers from tow and fibers removed from spun or continuous filament yarn.  
Note 1: For measurement of shrinkage of single fibers, refer to Test Method D5104.  
1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents, therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2402-07(2018)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Water Retention of Textile Fibers (Centrifuge Procedure)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method for testing for water retention of fibers after centrifuging is not recommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because the test is more appropriate for development and research. However, if the test is to be used for acceptance testing, comparative tests as described in 5.1.1 are advised.  
5.1.1 In the case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results using Test Method D2402 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if statistical biases exist between their laboratories. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the Student's t-test for unpaired data with an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties while designing the test program. If the analysis shows a bias, its cause must be found and corrected, or the purchaser and supplier must agree to interpret future test data with consideration for the known bias.  
5.2 The amount of water retained by a fiber mass increases with an increase in the hydrophilic tendency of the fiber. Thus the data obtained can be used to indicate the following:  
5.2.1 Differences in water retention between the various man-made and natural fibers,  
5.2.2 Degree of cross-linking in cellulosic fibers,  
5.2.3 Damage incurred by wool and silk fibers due to alkaline processing, and  
5.2.4 Persistence of water-repellent treatments.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of water retention of man-made and natural fibers as staple, tow, or filament and spun yarns. It is intended to give a measure of the amount of water which cannot be removed from thoroughly wetted fiber solely by mechanical means as applied by centrifugal force (see 3.2).  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D1577-07(2018)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile Fibers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Option A for bundle weighing of Test Method D1577 is used in the trade for acceptance testing of commercial shipments. Option B for single-fiber weighing and Option C for the vibroscope may be used for acceptance testing (see Section 37); however, caution is advised when using Option B or Option C because between-laboratory precision information is incomplete. Comparative tests as directed in 4.1.1 may be advisable.  
4.1.1 In case of dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D1577 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of samples that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. These samples should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using the appropriate statistical analysis and a probability level chosen by the two parties before testing is begun. If a bias is found, either the cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results for that material with consideration to the known bias.  
4.2 Option A for bundle weighing is generally considered to be the referee procedure for acceptance testing.  
4.3 Option A is not recommended for measurement of linear density of blends of production fibers having different nominal linear densities.  
4.4 The accuracy of the linear density values obtained by Options A and B is dependent upon the accuracy with which the fibers can be cut and weighed.
Note 2: On short staple fiber, an accuracy in cutting of 1.0 % is difficult to obtain. This problem is further complicated if crimp is present in the fibers.  ...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of mass per unit length (linear density) of textile fibers and filaments. Direct weighing and vibroscope procedures with modifications for crimped and uncrimped fibers are included. The options and sections are listed below.    
Option  
Sections  
A—Fiber Bundle Weighing  
7 – 15  
B—Single-Fiber Weighing  
16 – 23  
C—Vibroscope, General  
24 – 30  
35 and 36    
C1—Uncrimped Fibers  
31 and 32    
C2—Crimped Fibers  
33 and 34    
Precision and Bias  
37 and 38  
Note 1: For linear density of short lengths of yarn, refer to Test Method D1059. For cotton linear density, refer to Test Methods D1769 and D2480. For measurement of wool diameter, refer to Test Methods D1282, D2130, and D3510.  
1.2 The crimp, taper, and cross-sectional shape of the fiber may influence the linear density measured by single-fiber weighing and vibroscope.  
1.3 These test methods measure the linear density of fibers with moisture in equilibrium with the standard atmosphere for testing textiles. The fiber moisture under these conditions is not necessarily the same as the commercial moisture regain for the fibers.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized pr...

  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6356/D6356M-98(2024)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Gas Generation of Aluminum Emulsified Asphalt Used as a Protective Coating for Roofing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This procedure measures the amount of hydrogen gas generation potential of aluminized emulsion roof coating. There is the possibility of water reacting with aluminum pigment to generate hydrogen gas. This situation is to be avoided, so this test was designed to evaluate coating formulations and assess the propensity to gassing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a hydrogen gas and stability test for aluminum emulsified asphalt coatings.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D3019/D3019M-17(2024)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Lap Cement Used with Asphalt Roll Roofing, Non-Fibered, and Fibered

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the physical requirements and testing of three types of lap cement for use with asphalt roll roofing. Type I is a brushing consistency lap cement intended for use in the exposed-nailing method of roll roofing application, and contains no mineral or other stabilizers. This type is further divided into two grades, as follows: Grade 1, which is made with an air-blown asphalt; and Grade 2, which is made with a vacuum-reduced or steam-refined asphalt. Both Types II and III, on the other hand, are heavy brushing or light troweling consistency lap cement intended for use in the concealed-nailing method of roll roofing application, only that Type II cement contains a quantity of short-fibered asbestos, while Type III cement contains a quantity of mineral or other stabilizers, or both, but contains no asbestos. The lap cements shall be sampled for testing, and shall adhere to specified values of the following properties: water content; distillation (total distillate at given temperatures); softening point of residue; solubility in trichloroethylene; and strength at indicated age.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers lap cement consisting of asphalt dissolved in a volatile petroleum solvent with or without mineral or other stabilizers, or both, for use with roll roofing. The fibered version of these cements excludes the use of asbestos fibers.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.3 The following precautionary caveat applies only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E831-24(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by Thermomechanical Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Coefficients of linear thermal expansion are used, for example, for design purposes and to determine if failure by thermal stress may occur when a solid body composed of two different materials is subjected to temperature variations.  
5.2 This test method is comparable to Test Method D3386 for testing electrical insulation materials, but it covers a more general group of solid materials and it defines test conditions more specifically. This test method uses a smaller specimen and substantially different apparatus than Test Methods E228 and D696.  
5.3 This test method may be used in research, specification acceptance, regulatory compliance, and quality assurance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines the technical coefficient of linear thermal expansion of solid materials using thermomechanical analysis techniques.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to solid materials that exhibit sufficient rigidity over the test temperature range such that the sensing probe does not produce indentation of the specimen.  
1.3 The recommended lower limit of coefficient of linear thermal expansion measured with this test method is 5 μm/(m·°C). The test method may be used at lower (or negative) expansion levels with decreased accuracy and precision (see Section 12).  
1.4 This test method is applicable to the temperature range from −120 °C to 900 °C. The temperature range may be extended depending upon the instrumentation and calibration materials used.  
1.5 SI units are the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off