ASTM F1858-98(2008)

Standard Performance Requirements for Multipositional Plastic Chairs with Adjustable Backs or Reclining Mechanisms for Outdoor Use

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tests and criteria as outlined determine the overall usability and stability of chairs in an environment simulating the conditions of use.
Tests simulate two types of surfaces:
Smooth surfaces, such as linoleum, wet pool decks, etc. The glass testing base (see Fig. 5) is used to simulate this surface.
Rough surfaces, such as wooden decks, outdoor natural surfaces, etc. the plywood testing base (see Fig. 6) is used to simulate this surface.
Note 1—(A) Poly(methyl methacrylate) sheet, 0.25 ± 0.03-in. (6 ± 0.1-mm) thickness; (B) AC exterior glue fir plywood sheet, 0.75 ± 0.08 in. (19 ± 0.2 mm) or greater in thickness; (C) polypropylene microfoam sheet; 0.7 ± 0.01-lb/ft3 (11 ± 0.2-kg/m3) density and 0.13 ± 0.01-in. (3 ± 0.03-mm) thickness; and (D) glass/tempered sheet, 0.38 ± 0.04-in. (10 ± 0.1-mm) thickness.
Note 2—(A), (B), (C), and (D) shall be roughly the same dimensions, 48 in. (1219 mm) or greater. FIG. 5 Glass Testing Base
Note 1—(A) Poly(methoyl methoacrylate) sheet, 0.25 ± 0.03-in. (6 ± 0.1-mm) thickness; and (B) AC exterior glue fir plywood sheet, 0.75 ± 0.08 in. (19 ± 0.2 mm) or greater in thickness.
Note 2—(A) and (B) shall be roughly the same dimensions, 48 in. (1219 mm) or greater. FIG. 6 Plywood Testing Base
SCOPE
1.1 These performance requirements cover nationally recognized performance requirements for multipositional plastic chairs, with adjustable backs or reclining mechanisms, intended for outdoor use.
1.2 These performance requirements are not applicable to chaise lounges, upholstered chairs, or other types of furniture.
1.3 These performance requirements cover the performance of the product regarding aspects of outdoor weathering, impact, static load for seat and back, and arm testing.
1.4 Products Manufactured from Recycled Plastics—Products may be manufactured from recycled plastics as long as the performance requirements are met.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jul-2008
• ICS: 97.140 - Furniture
• Technical Committee: F15 - Consumer Products
• Drafting Committee: F15.33 - Outdoor Plastic Lawn Furniture

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F1858-98(2004)e1 - Standard Performance Requirements for Multipositional Plastic Chairs with Adjustable Backs or Reclining Mechanisms for Outdoor Use
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1858 − 98(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Performance Requirements for
Multipositional Plastic Chairs with Adjustable Backs or
Reclining Mechanisms for Outdoor Use
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1858; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope of Nonmetallic Materials (Withdrawn 2000)
1.1 These performance requirements cover nationally rec-
3. Terminology
ognized performance requirements for multipositional plastic
3.1 Definitions:
chairs, with adjustable backs or reclining mechanisms, in-
3.1.1 multipositional plastic chair with adjustable back or
tended for outdoor use.
reclining mechanisms, n—for the purposes of these provisional
1.2 These performance requirements are not applicable to
performancerequirements,amolded,uprightpieceoffurniture
chaise lounges, upholstered chairs, or other types of furniture.
witharms,intendedforseatingoneperson,havingaseatheight
1.3 These performance requirements cover the performance
not less than 15 in. (381 mm) and not greater than 19 in. (483
oftheproductregardingaspectsofoutdoorweathering,impact,
mm) with the seat and back in the most upright position, and
static load for seat and back, and arm testing.
having a seat width not less than 16 in. (406 mm) and not
greater than 30 in. (762 mm) (as shown in Fig. 1).
1.4 Products Manufactured from Recycled Plastics—
3.1.1.1 Discussion—These requirements are applicable to
Products may be manufactured from recycled plastics as long
folding chairs with adjustable backs (see Fig. 2), non-folding
as the performance requirements are met.
chairs with adjustable backs (see Fig. 3), and folding chairs
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
with reclining mechanisms (see Fig. 4).
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
4. Significance and Use
and are not considered standard.
4.1 Tests and criteria as outlined determine the overall
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
usability and stability of chairs in an environment simulating
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the conditions of use.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 Tests simulate two types of surfaces:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.2.1 Smooth surfaces, such as linoleum, wet pool decks,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
etc. The glass testing base (see Fig. 5) is used to simulate this
surface.
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.2.2 Rough surfaces, such as wooden decks, outdoor natu-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ral surfaces, etc. the plywood testing base (see Fig. 6) is used
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
to simulate this surface.
D2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics In-
tended for Outdoor Applications
5. Apparatus
D4329 Practice for Fluorescent UV Exposure of Plastics
5.1 Multipositional Plastic Chairs with Adjustable Backs or
G23 Practice for Operating Light-Exposure Apparatus
Reclining Mechanisms, which have been inspected and met a
(Carbon-Arc Type) With and Without Water for Exposure
manufacturer’s internal quality standards.
5.2 One Heavy-Weight Canvas or Leather Bag, 16 6 0.2 in.
These performance requirements are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Commit-
(406 6 4 mm) in diameter, which shall be measured prior to
tee F15 onConsumer Products and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
testing to determine stretching, having a total measurement not
F15.33 on Outdoor Plastic Lawn Furniture.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
to exceed 17.5 in. (445 mm) in diameter when filled with steel
ε1
approved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F1858 – 98 (2004) .
or lead shot (0.09 to 0.12 in (2.3 to 3.0 mm) in diameter), to a
DOI: 10.1520/F1858-98R08.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1858 − 98 (2008)
NOTE 1—(a) Seat height with the seat and back in the most upright
NOTE 1—(A) Chair with the seat and back in the most upright position;
position; and (b) seat width.
and(B)chairwiththebackrestingthefurthestrecliningpositionandarms
FIG. 1 Measurements of a Chair
locked in the furthest reclining position.
FIG. 3 Non-Folding Chair with Adjustable Back
NOTE 1—(A) Chair with the seat and back in the most upright position;
NOTE 1—(A) Chair with the seat and back in the most upright position;
and (B) chair with the back resting in the furthest reclining position and
and (B) chair with the back resting in the furthest reclining position and
arms locked in the furthest reclining position.
arms locked in the furthest reclining position.
FIG. 4 Folding Chair with Reclining Mechanism
FIG. 2 Folding Chair with Adjustable Back
in height, and having appropriate straps, clips, or clamps to
hold the apron in place (see Fig. 7).
total weight of 150 6 1.5 lb (68 6 0.7 kg). The bag shall be
5.7 250–lb (114–kg) Arm Testing Block—One block of
fitted with a safety cable or other means to prevent it from
suitable material such as wood or metal, 42 6 0.4 in (1067 6
hitting the glass testing base but should not interfere with the
10.7 mm) in length and 7.0 6 0.7 in. (178 6 1.8 mm) in height
test.
and 4.0 6 0.4 in. (102 6 1.0 mm) in width, having additional
5.3 One Heavy-Weight Canvas or Leather Bag, identical to
weights or supporting structure, or both, to obtain a total
the bag in 5.2; however, the weight is increased by addition to
weight of 250 6 2.5 lb (114 6 1.1 kg). The base of the block
the bag of 250 6 2.5 lb (114 6 1.1 kg) of either (1) additional
shall be 12 6 0.1 in. (305 6 3.1 mm) at the center, with the
steel or lead shot or (2) barbell weights distributed evenly on
sides at a 15° angle (see Fig. 8).
top of the steel or lead shot, for a total weight of 400 64lb
NOTE 1—The 250-lb (114-kg) weight of the arm block may also be
(182 6 1.8 kg).
achieved by the use of a combination of a block of the dimensions given
5.4 Glass Testing Base, as shown in Fig. 5. above and the use of a of the force of an air cylinder to achieve a total
applied weight of 250 lb (114 kg).
5.5 Plywood Testing Base, as shown in Fig. 6.
5.8 Steel or Lead Shot —Six 25 6 0.3-lb (11 6 0.1-kg)
5.6 Back Weight Apron—One heavy-weight canvas or
bags.
leather apron, 19 6 0.2 in. (483 6 4.8 mm) in width and 28 6
0.3 in. (711 6 7.1 mm) in length, having six pockets, 6 6 0.6
in. (152 6 1.5 mm) in width and 10 6 0.1 in. (254 6 2.5 mm) No. 2 to No. 8 shot, as normally purchased at a sporting goods store.
F1858 − 98 (2008)
NOTE 1—(A) Poly(methyl methacrylate) sheet, 0.25 6 0.03-in. (6 6
0.1-mm) thickness; (B) AC exterior glue fir plywood sheet, 0.75 6 0.08
in. (19 6 0.2 mm) or greater in thickness; (C) polypropylene microfoam
3 3
sheet; 0.7 6 0.01-lb/ft (11 6 0.2-kg/m ) density and 0.13 6 0.01-in. (3
6 0.03-mm) thickness; and (D) glass/tempered sheet, 0.38 6 0.04-in. (10
6 0.1-mm) thickness.
NOTE 2—(A), (B), (C), and (D) shall be roughly the same dimensions,
48 in. (1219 mm) or greater.
FIG. 5 Glass Testing Base
FIG. 7 Back Weight Apron
NOTE 1—(A) Poly(methoyl methoacrylate) sheet, 0.25 6 0.03-in. (6 6
0.1-mm) thickness; and (B) AC exterior glue fir plywood sheet, 0.75 6
0.08 in. (19 6 0.2 mm) or greater in thickness.
NOTE 2—(A) and (B) shall be roughly the same dimensions, 48 in.
(1219 mm) or greater.
FIG. 6 Plywood Testing Base
6. Conditioning
6.1 Precondition all chairs for a minimum of 48 h at 65 to
75°F (18 to 24°C) and a relative humidity of 50 6 15 %, and
test subsequently under the same conditions.
7. General Requirements
7.1 Allchairsmeetingtheseperformancerequirementsshall
be made from polymeric materials that meet the requirements
for outdoor weathering given in Section 8.
7.2 Weatherability Test:
7.2.1 Polymeric material used outdoors shall be exposed for
weatherability using accelerated weathering chambers and
NOTE 1—(A) = block and (B) = application of blo
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