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ASTM D5224-12

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting Molding Compounds

Standard Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting Molding Compounds

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The conditions at which compounds are molded are known to influence the properties of the specimens. The degree of cure, elimination of knit-lines between particles, density of the part, and degradation of the polymer are among those factors which will be affected by the molding conditions. Thus it is important to conform to a standard set of conditions in order to have a valid comparison of properties between different compounds and different batches of the same compound.
Molded specimens showing evidence of low-density areas due to trapped gases shall be discarded. A breathe step can be incorporated to eliminate this situation. If used, it is critical that the breathe step be as brief as possible to avoid precuring of the compound before full pressure is applied leading to poorly “knitted” areas and lower strength in the molded specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the general principles to be followed when compression molding test specimens of thermosetting molding compounds, such as phenolics, aminoplastics, melamine phenolics, epoxies, and unsaturated polyesters.
1.2 Molding conditions are given for amino, phenolic, and allyl molding compounds. The exact molding conditions will vary from material to material, and, if not incorporated in the material specification, shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier or determined by previous experience with the particular type of material being used
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—This standard and ISO 295 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2012
ICS
77.180 - Equipment for the metallurgical industry
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.09 - Specimen Preparation
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5224-00(2006) - Standard Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting Molding Compounds
Effective Date
01-Apr-2012
Replaced By
ASTM D5224-12(2019) - Standard Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting Molding Compounds
Effective Date
01-May-2019
Referred By
ASTM D1636-21 - Standard Specification for Allyl Molding Compounds
Effective Date
01-Apr-2012
Referred By
ASTM D704-99(2020) - Standard Specification for Melamine-Formaldehyde Molding Compounds
Effective Date
01-Apr-2012
Referred By
ASTM D6289-13(2019) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Shrinkage from Mold Dimensions of Molded Thermosetting Plastics
Effective Date
01-Apr-2012

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5224 − 12
Standard Practice for
Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting
1
Molding Compounds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This practice covers the general principles to be fol- 3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms pertaining to plas-
lowed when compression molding test specimens of thermo- tics used in this practice, see Terminology D883.
setting molding compounds, such as phenolics, aminoplastics,
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
melamine phenolics, epoxies, and unsaturated polyesters.
3.2.1 breathe step, n—in plastics molding, the part of the
1.2 Molding conditions are given for amino, phenolic, and molding cycle in which the mold halves are opened
allyl molding compounds. The exact molding conditions will momentarily, prior to curing, to release volatiles from the
vary from material to material, and, if not incorporated in the molded part.
material specification, shall be agreed upon between the
3.2.2 skin, n—in plastics molding, the thin resin-rich layer
purchaser and the supplier or determined by previous experi-
(skin) on the surface of the molded part.
ence with the particular type of material being used
3.2.3 skin effect, n—in plastics testing, the positive or
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
negativeeffectontheresultsofsomestandardtestsattributable
standard. The values in parentheses are given for information
to the skin.
only.
4. Summary of Practice
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 4.1 Compression molded test specimens are produced by
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- loading a mold cavity with some form of the molding material,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- applying a specified pressure to the mating surface for a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. specified time and at a specified temperature, and then remov-
ing the part from the cavity.
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO 295 address the same subject matter,
but differ in technical content.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The conditions at which compounds are molded are
2
knowntoinfluencethepropertiesofthespecimens.Thedegree
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of cure, elimination of knit-lines between particles, density of
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
the part, and degradation of the polymer are among those
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
factors which will be affected by the molding conditions. Thus
2.2 ISO Standard:
it is important to conform to a standard set of conditions in
ISO 295 Plastics—Compression Molding Test Specimens
3
order to have a valid comparison of properties between
of Thermosetting Materials
3
different compounds and different batches of the same com-
ISO 3167 Plastics—Multipurpose—Test Specimens
pound.
5.2 Molded specimens showing evidence of low-density
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlasticsand
areas due to trapped gases shall be discarded. A breathe step
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.09 on Specimen Preparation.
can be incorporated to eliminate this situation. If used, it is
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5224 - 00 (2006).
critical that the breathe step be as brief as possible to avoid
DOI: 10.1520/D5224-12.
precuring of the compound before full pressure is applied
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
leading to poorly “knitted” areas and lower strength in the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on molded specimen.
the ASTM website.
3
ISO Standards Handbook 21, Vol 2, Plastics, 2nd Ed., 1990, available from
6. Apparatus
AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI),25W.43rdSt.,4thFloor,NewYork,
NY 10036. 6.1 Molds:
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5224 − 12
FIG. 1 Single-Cavity Positive-Compression Mold for Bar Test
Specimens
6.1.1 The mold shall be made of steel, able to withstand the
molding temperatures and pressures. The mold shall be de-
signed such that the compressi
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5224–00 (Reapproved 2006) Designation: D5224 – 12
Standard Practice for
Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting
1
Molding Compounds
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5224; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers the general principles to be followed when compression molding test specimens of thermosetting
molding compounds, such as phenolics, aminoplastics, melamine phenolics, epoxies, and unsaturated polyesters. Note1—This
standard is similar in content (but not technically equivalent) to ISO 295-1974 (E).
1.2Molding conditions are given for amino, phenolic, and allyl molding compounds. Materials specification standards should
always be consulted to determine whether the material to be molded has any special requirements.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in brackets are given for information only.
1.2 Molding conditions are given for amino, phenolic, and allyl molding compounds. The exact molding conditions will vary
from material to material, and, if not incorporated in the material specification, shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and
the supplier or determined by previous experience with the particular type of material being used
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—This standard and ISO 295 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D958Practice for Determining Temperatures of StandardASTM Molds for Test Specimens of Plastics Terminology Relating to
Plastics
2.2 ISO Standard:
3
ISO 295 Plastics—Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting Materials
3
ISO 3167 Plastics—Multipurpose—Test Specimens
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms pertaining to plastics used in this practice, see Terminology D883.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 breathe step, n—inplasticsmolding,thepartofthemoldingcycleinwhichthemoldhalvesareopenedmomentarily,prior
to curing, to release volatiles from the molded part.
3.2.2 skin, n—in plastics molding, the thin resin-rich layer (skin) on the surface of the molded part.
3.2.3 skin effect, n—in plastics testing, the positive or negative effect the skin may have on the results of some standard tests
attributable to the skin.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.09 on Specimen Preparation.
Current edition approved March 15, 2006. Published March 2006. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D5224-00. DOI:
10.1520/D5224-00R06.
Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published May 2012. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5224 - 00 (2006). DOI:
10.1520/D5224-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
ISO Standards Handbook 21, Vol 2, Plastics, 2nd Ed., 1990, available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY
10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5224 – 12
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 Compression molded test specimens are produced by loading a mold cavity with some form of the molding material,
applying a specified pressure to the mating surface for a specified time and at a specified temperature, and then removing the part
from the cavity.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The conditions at which
...

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ASTM D5224-12(2019)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting Molding Compounds

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The conditions at which compounds are molded are known to influence the properties of the specimens. The degree of cure, elimination of knit-lines between particles, density of the part, and degradation of the polymer are among those factors which will be affected by the molding conditions. Thus it is important to conform to a standard set of conditions in order to have a valid comparison of properties between different compounds and different batches of the same compound.  
5.2 Molded specimens showing evidence of low-density areas due to trapped gases shall be discarded. A breathe step can be incorporated to eliminate this situation. If used, it is critical that the breathe step be as brief as possible to avoid precuring of the compound before full pressure is applied leading to poorly “knitted” areas and lower strength in the molded specimen.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the general principles to be followed when compression molding test specimens of thermosetting molding compounds, such as phenolics, aminoplastics, melamine phenolics, epoxies, and unsaturated polyesters.  
1.2 Molding conditions are given for amino, phenolic, and allyl molding compounds. The exact molding conditions will vary from material to material, and, if not incorporated in the material specification, shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier or determined by previous experience with the particular type of material being used  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This standard and ISO 295 address the same subject matter, but differ in technical content.  
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This specification covers requirements for pneumatic rotary descaling machines for removal of paint, rust, scale, nonskid deck covering and other coatings from steel and aluminum structures. These portable machines are intended for use in a marine environment, subject to salt air and spray during use and high humidity during storage. De scaling machines are available in two types and two classes, as follows: Type 1 which is the hand-held and Type 2 which is the deck-supported type. Both types have two classes which are Class A in inch-pound design and Class B in SI metric design. Hubs for use with descaling machines are also available in four classes: Class A is a hub that is non-metallic, nonwoven and non-contaminating, Class B is a peening hub for aluminum surfaces, Class C is a hub of metallic hammer type used for steel surfaces and Class D is a hub of metallic cutter type use for steel surfaces. A service life test shall be conducted on an uncoated steel test plate and each hub shall be subjected to a performance test.
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1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.  
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1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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ASTM D5224-12(2019)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Compression Molding Test Specimens of Thermosetting Molding Compounds

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The conditions at which compounds are molded are known to influence the properties of the specimens. The degree of cure, elimination of knit-lines between particles, density of the part, and degradation of the polymer are among those factors which will be affected by the molding conditions. Thus it is important to conform to a standard set of conditions in order to have a valid comparison of properties between different compounds and different batches of the same compound.  
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SCOPE
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4.2 The drying shrinkage of mortar as determined by this test method has a linear relation to the drying shrinkage of concrete made with the same cement and exposed to the same drying conditions.4 Hence this test method may be used when it is desired to develop data on the effect of a hydraulic cement on the drying shrinkage of concrete made with that cement.
SCOPE
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1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1751-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Preformed Expansion Joint Filler for Concrete Paving and Structural Construction (Nonextruding and Resilient Asphalt Types)

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers preformed expansion joint filler having relatively little extrusion and substantial recovery after release from compression.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
Note 1: Attention is called to Specifications D1752 and D994/D994M.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
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  • Technical specification
    2 pages
    English language
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ASTM
ASTM B637-23(Specification)
Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening and Cold Worked Nickel Alloy Bars, Forgings, and Forging Stock for Moderate or High Temperature Service

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service. Chemical analysis shall be performed on the alloy and shall conform to the chemical composition requirement in carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, cobalt, molybdenum, columbium, tantalum, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, boron, iron, copper, and nickel. The material shall follow recommended annealing treatment, solution treatment, stabilizing treatment, and precipitation hardening treatment. Tension testing, hardness testing and stress-rupture testing shall be performed on the material and shall comply to the required tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, reduction in area, and Brinell hardness.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers hot- and cold-worked precipitation-hardenable nickel alloy rod, bar, forgings, and forging stock for moderate or high temperature service (Table 1).  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off