ASTM D7570-17(2021)e1

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Dimensional Stability of Pile Yarn Floor Covering

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The determination of dimensional change of pile yarn floor covering is useful in quality and cost control during manufacture of pile yarn floor covering. The appearance and performance may be affected by the changes in the dimensions of pile yarn floor covering. This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipment because current estimates of between laboratory precision are acceptable, and this method is commonly used in the trade for acceptance testing.  
5.2 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum use the samples for such comparative tests that are as homogenous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dimensional changes in the lengthwise and width-wise direction and distortion likely to occur when pile floor coverings are exposed to various conditions of moisture and heat. This method is applicable to all pile floor coverings including carpet module form.  
1.2 This method is applicable to machine made pile yarn floor covering.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversion to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2021
• ICS: 97.150 - Floor coverings
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.21 - Pile Floor Coverings

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D1776/D1776M-20 - Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2020
• Refers: ASTM D5684-19a - Standard Terminology Relating to Pile Floor Coverings
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM D5684-19 - Standard Terminology Relating to Pile Floor Coverings
• Effective Date: 15-May-2019
• Refers: ASTM D123-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM D1776/D1776M-16 - Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2016
• Refers: ASTM D123-15b - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM D123-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM D123-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2015
• Refers: ASTM D1776/D1776M-15 - Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2015
• Refers: ASTM E177-14 - Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
• Effective Date: 01-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM D123-13ae1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2013
• Refers: ASTM D123-13a - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2013
• Refers: ASTM D123-13 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM E177-13 - Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM E691-13 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013

Overview

ASTM D7570-17(2021)e1 – Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Dimensional Stability of Pile Yarn Floor Covering specifies a procedure for determining the dimensional changes-both lengthwise and widthwise-of pile yarn floor coverings, such as carpets, when subjected to various conditions of heat and moisture. This includes both broadloom and carpet tiles produced by machine. Dimensional stability is crucial for the appearance, performance, and installation of textile floor coverings.

This standardized test method ensures consistency in evaluating the potential for shrinkage, growth, or distortion in pile yarn floor coverings. The method is widely used across manufacturing, quality control, and commercial acceptance testing within the flooring industry.

Keywords: dimensional stability, pile yarn floor covering, ASTM D7570, carpet testing, modular carpet, shrinkage, growth, textile floor covering

Key Topics

• Dimensional Change Measurement: The test evaluates changes in both length and width of pile yarn floor coverings after exposure to controlled cycles of moisture and heat.
• Specimen Handling: Testing specimens are selected to be representative of the manufacturer’s production roll, ensuring meaningful and homogeneous results.
• Test Procedure Overview:
  • Initial measurement of the specimen.
  • Conditioning in a laboratory oven.
  • Soaking in water with a defined surfactant.
  • Re-drying and final measurement.
• Accuracy and Repeatability: Measurements are reported to the nearest 0.001 inch (0.03 mm) to ensure precision. The standard includes protocols for verifying equipment and specifying measurement points.
• Laboratory Consistency: If disputes arise between laboratory results, the standard outlines using statistical comparative tests with equivalent specimens to identify any bias.
• Reporting: Results must detail the test procedure, material description, specimen identification, dimensional changes (inches or percentage), and any deviations from the method.
• Safety and Compliance: Users must address safety, health, and environmental considerations and ensure that regulatory limitations are evaluated prior to use.

Applications

• Quality Assurance: Manufacturers use this test method to control the consistency of pile yarn floor coverings, ensuring dimensional stability during production.
• Product Development: R&D teams apply this standard in developing new carpets and floor coverings to assess performance under environmental stress.
• Procurement and Commercial Acceptance: Buyers and sellers employ this method for acceptance testing of bulk shipments, offering an objective standard to assess product suitability and compliance.
• Installation Suitability: Flooring contractors and specifiers use results from this method to determine the risk of seam issues, puckering, or misfit after installation due to dimensional changes.
• Comparative Analysis: The method allows for direct comparison between product lots or between different manufacturers’ products.

Related Standards

For comprehensive textile and flooring quality assessment, the following standards are referenced or may be used in conjunction:

• ASTM D123: Terminology Relating to Textiles
• ASTM D1776/D1776M: Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
• ASTM D5684: Terminology Relating to Pile Floor Coverings
• ASTM E177: Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
• ASTM E691: Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

Adhering to ASTM D7570-17(2021)e1 helps producers and users of pile yarn floor coverings ensure consistent, high-quality products with proven dimensional stability, reducing the risk of performance issues after installation and throughout the product’s service life.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
´1
Designation: D7570 − 17 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Dimensional Stability of Pile Yarn Floor
Covering
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7570; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Research report information was added to Section 15 editorially in August 2021.
1. Scope E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ASTM Test Methods
1.1 This test method covers the determination of dimen-
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
sional changes in the lengthwise and width-wise direction and
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
distortionlikelytooccurwhenpilefloorcoveringsareexposed
to various conditions of moisture and heat. This method is
3. Terminology
applicable to all pile floor coverings including carpet module
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.21, Pile Yarn Floor
form.
Coverings, refer to Terminology D5684.
1.2 This method is applicable to machine made pile yarn
3.2 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
floor covering.
backing, carpet, dimensional stability, cut pile yarn floor
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
covering, finished pile yarn floor covering, floor covering,
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
lengthwise direction, pile yarn floor covering, textile floor
conversion to SI units that are provided for information only
covering, tufted fabric, widthwise direction
and are not considered standard.
3.3 For definitions of other terms related to textiles, refer to
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Terminology D123.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4.1 This test method describes the dimensional stability of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
machine made pile yarn floor coverings when subjected to
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
heat, water and various atmospheric conditions. The dimen-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
sions of the specimen are measured in the original state and
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
after each stage of conditioning in the lengthwise and width-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
wise directions. The change in the dimensions are determined
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and reported to the nearest 0.001 in. (0.03 mm).
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The determination of dimensional change of pile yarn
2.1 ASTM Standards:
floor covering is useful in quality and cost control during
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
manufacture of pile yarn floor covering. The appearance and
D1776/D1776M Practice for Conditioning and Testing Tex-
performance may be affected by the changes in the dimensions
tiles
of pile yarn floor covering. This test method is considered
D5684 Terminology Relating to Pile Floor Coverings
satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipment
because current estimates of between laboratory precision are
acceptable, and this method is commonly used in the trade for
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.21 on Pile Floor Coverings.
acceptance testing.
Current edition approved July 1, 2021. Published August 2021. Originally
5.2 If there are differences of practical significance between
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D7570–17. DOI:
10.1520/D7570-17R21E01.
reported test results for two laboratories (or more), compara-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
tive tests should be performed to determine if there is a
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
statistical bias between them using competent statistical assis-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tance. As a minimum use the samples for such comparative
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D7570 − 17 (2021)
tests that are as homogenous as possible, drawn from the same 9. Preparation of Apparatus
lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results
9.1 Thetestequipmentshallbeverifiedandanyadjustments
during initial testing and randomly assigned in equal numbers
made before starting each test cycle.
to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories
9.2 Fill water basin with a solution of 0.1 % Sodium Lauryl
involved should be compared using a statistical test for
Sulfate as directed in step 6.4.
unpaired data, a probability level chosen prior to the testing
series. If a bias is found either its cause must be found and
10. Calibration and Standardization
corrected, or future test results for that material must be
10.1 Verification of the equipment should be made prior to
adjusted in consideration of the known bias.
starting of test using a certified ruler or gauge blocks traceable
to a national standard. Make any adjustments to the equipment
6. Apparatus
to assure accuracy of measuring device.
6.1 MeasuringDevice, capable of measuring a dimension to
11. Conditioning
an accuracy of 0.001 in. (0.03 mm). A loading plate made of
metal or glass with dimensions slightly smaller than the test
11.1 Conditionthespecimensortestsamplesinthestandard
specimen or any other device capable of keeping the specimen
atmosphere for testing textiles in accordance with Practice
flat during measurement of dimensional change.
D1776/D1776M.
6.2 Support Plate, with a dimension slightly larger than the
12. Procedure
test specimens on which to place specimen during measure-
12.1 Placethespecimenonthemeasuringdeviceforlength-
ment.
wise and widthwise direction. Place the loading plate on the
6.3 Laboratory Oven, with forced ventilation capable of
sample for ease of keeping the sample flat.Aminimum of two
maintaining a temperature of 140 °F 6 2 °F (60 °C 6 1 °C)
measurements for each direction of the specimen shall be
equipped with perforated racks or grids to permit free circula-
taken. The original measurements shall be marked with a
tion of air.
permanent waterproof marker along the edge to ensure all
6.4 Water– Basin, with dimensions slightly larger than the
measurements are repeated at the same point. The measure-
test specimens, filled with tap water at 68 °F 6 5 °F (20 °C 6
ments shall be taken at least 1 in. (25 mm) from each corner of
3 °C) containing 0.1 % Sodium Lauryl Sulfate.
the specimen. Measure to the nearest 0.001 in. (0.03 mm).
6.4.1 Weights, to allow full submersion of the specimen.
12.2 Place the specimen in a forced air oven for 2 h 6
NOTE 1—Water temperature in 6.4 does not need to be maintained.
15 min at 140 °F 6 2 °F (60 °C 6 1 °C).
6.5 Grids, to allow free circulation of air for conditioning.
12.3 After time in the oven has elapsed, remove the speci-
men from the oven.
7. Reagents and Materials
12.4 Place the sample in the water basin with the initial
7.1 Sodium Lauryl Sulfate 0.1%.
water temperature at 68 °F 6 5 °F (20 °C 6 3 °C) and sodium
lauryl sulfate solution for 2 h 6 15 min, allowing water
8. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units
solution to cool to ambient temperature. If specimen floats in
8.1 Specimens presented for testing should be representa-
water, use a weighted object to keep the specimen submerged
tive of manufacturer production roll. If possible the specimen
in water.
shall be tested in the size that it was submitted in order to
12.5 Remove the specimen from the sodium lauryl sulfate
prevent skewing of specimen and test results. If specimen must
solution, avoid distorting the shape of the specimen. Excess
be cut to accommodate testing equipment such as ovens or
watermayberemovedbyplacingthespecimenbetweensheets
measuring apparatus it shall only be reduced to the minimal
of blotting paper.
size no sm
...