ASTM D4822-88(1999)

Standard Guide for Selection of Methods of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial Sediments (Manual Methods)

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection of methods for determining the size distribution of fluvial sediments particles in the range greater than 0.45 [mu]m using manual methods. Manual methods are defined as those methods that require the operator to do some actual measurements and calculations. An automated method would be one which after the sample is prepared and inserted into an instrument, the instrument (machine) does the measuring and calculations, not the operator. Not all manual methods are presented in this guide. However, where available, at least two methods for each particle size range are given.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-1999
• ICS: 13.060.60 - Examination of physical properties of water
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.07 - Sediments, Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D4822-88(2003) - Standard Guide for Selection of Methods of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial Sediments (Manual Methods)
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D5387-93(2019) - Standard Guide for Elements of a Complete Data Set for Non-Cohesive Sediments
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM E1391-03(2023) - Standard Guide for Collection, Storage, Characterization, and Manipulation of Sediments for Toxicological Testing and for Selection of Samplers Used to Collect Benthic Invertebrates
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4822 – 88 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Guide for
Selection of Methods of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial
Sediments (Manual Methods)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.1 For descriptions of terms used in this guide, refer to
Terminology D 4410.
1.1 This guide covers the selection of methods for deter-
3.2.2 particle count—a method of particle size analysis in
mining the size distribution of fluvial sediments particles in the
which the number of particles in the various size ranges are
range greater than 0.45 μm using manual methods. Manual
counted manually.
methods are defined as those methods that require the operator
3.2.3 particle size—the diameter, usually the intermediate
to do some actual measurements and calculations. An auto-
diameter, of a particle measured by settling, sieving, micro-
mated method would be one which after the sample is prepared
metric, or direct measurement methods (see 5.2).
and inserted into an instrument, the instrument (machine) does
3.2.4 particle size distribution—the relative amount of a
the measuring and calculations, not the operator. Not all
sediment sample in a range of specific sizes in terms of
manual methods are presented in this guide. However, where
percentages by mass, volume, or number, finer than a given
available, at least two methods for each particle size range are
particle size.
given.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Guide
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 This guide consists of suggested manual test methods
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
for analyzing fluvial sediment samples for particle size distri-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bution.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 This guide is general and is useful in helping the user to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 determine an appropriate manual test method for determining
D 422 Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
the particle size distribution of fluvial sediments. The sug-
D 1129 Terminology Related to Water
4 gested test methods are not described in this guide, but
D 4410 Terminology of Fluvial Sediment
references are given so that the user may obtain more infor-
D 4411 Guide for Sampling Fluvial Sediment in Motion
mation about each test method.
E 20 Practice for Particle Size Analysis of Particulate Sub-
5.2 It should be noted that different test methods may and
stances in the Range of 0.2 to 75 Micrometers by Optical
5 often times do produce different particle size distributions for
Microscopy
the same sample. This is due in part to the different test
3. Terminology methods requiring native or distilled water, differences in
dispersion methods used, and differences in what the test
3.1 Definitions:
method is measuring, that is, physical or sedimentation diam-
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to
eter.
Terminologies D 1129 and D 4410.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
6. Sampling
6.1 Collect the samples in accordance with Guide D 4411 or
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-19 on Water and is “Field Methods for Measurement of Fluvial Sediments” (1).
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Geomorphology,
and Open Channel Flow.
Current edition approved May 27, 1988. Published February 1989.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.08.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
4 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.02. The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
Discontinued; see 1995 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02. this guide.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 4822 – 88 (1999)
TABLE 1 Guide for Selection of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial Sediments Using Manual Methods
NOTE 1—Not all test methods will give complete distribution for the size range indicated, some will only give percent finer for one or two sizes in
the indicated range. See references for more detail on each test method.
M = Results in percent by mass PC = Particle count
N = Results in percent by number of particles OPC = Optical particle count, non-microscopic
V = Results in percent by volume H = Hydrometer
BW = Bottom withdrawal M = Microsc
...