ASTM D6703-07
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Automated Heithaus Titrimetry
Standard Test Method for Automated Heithaus Titrimetry
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is intended primarily as a laboratory diagnostic tool for estimating the colloidal stability of asphalt, asphalt cross blends, aged asphalt, pyrolyzed asphalt, and heavy oil residuum. Historically, asphalt and heavy oil residua have been modeled as colloidal suspensions (8,9) in which a polar, associated asphaltene moiety (the dispersed phase) is suspended in a maltene solvent moiety (the dispersing medium) (refer to test methods D 3279, D 4124, and D 5546 for further definition of asphalt fraction materials). The extent to which these two moieties remain in a given state of peptization is a measure of the compatibility of the suspension. Compatibility influences important physical properties of these materials, including rheological properties, for example, phase angle and viscosity (10,11). Compatibility also influences coke formation in refining processes (4). This test method and other similar test methods (7, 12-15), along with the classical Heithaus test (1,2), measures the overall compatibility of a colloidal system by determining a designated parameter referred to as the state of peptization, P. The value of P commonly varies between 2.5 and 10 for unmodified or neat asphalts. Materials calculated to have low values of P are designated as incompatible, where as materials calculated to have high P values are designated as compatible. Values of P may be calculated as a function of two other designated parameters that relate to the peptizability of the asphaltene moiety (the asphaltene peptizability parameter, pa) and the solvent power of the maltene moiety (the maltene peptizing power parameter, po). Values of pa and po are calculated as functions of the quantities Cmin and FRmax, the values of which are obtained from three experimental variables, the weight of residuum or asphalt (Wa), the volume of solvent (VS), and the volume of titrant added up to the flocculation point (VT).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for quantifying three Heithaus compatibility parameters (1,2) that estimate the colloidal stability of asphalts and asphalt cross blends (1,2), aged asphalts (3), and pyrolyzed heavy oil residua and asphalt (4) using automated Heithaus titrimetry as a stability diagnostic tool.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6703 − 07
StandardTest Method for
1
Automated Heithaus Titrimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6703; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 asphaltene peptizability, n—the tendency of as-
phaltenes to exist as a stable dispersion in a maltene solvent,
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for quantifying
2 measured by the Heithaus parameter p .
a
threeHeithauscompatibilityparameters (1,2) thatestimatethe
colloidal stability of asphalts and asphalt cross blends (1,2), 3.1.4 asphaltenes, n—the high molecular weight hydrocar-
bon fraction precipitated from asphalt by a designated paraf-
aged asphalts (3), and pyrolyzed heavy oil residua and asphalt
(4)usingautomatedHeithaustitrimetryasastabilitydiagnostic finic naphtha solvent at a specified solvent-asphalt ratio.
tool. 3.1.4.1 Discussion—Theasphaltenefractionshouldbeiden-
tified by the solvent and solvent-asphalt ratio used.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.1.5 asphalt state of peptization, n—a measure of the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ability of the combination of a maltene solvent and dispersed
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- asphaltenes to form a stable dispersed system. Equivalent to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. compatibility of the system.
3.1.6 bitumen, n—a class of black or dark-colored (solid,
2. Referenced Documents
semisolid, or viscous) cementitious substances, natural or
3
2.1 ASTM Standards: manufactured, composed principally of high-molecular weight
D3279 Test Method forn-Heptane Insolubles hydrocarbons, of which asphalts, tars, pitches, and asphaltites
D4124 Test Method for Separation of Asphalt into Four are typical.
Fractions
3.1.7 coke, n—the solid product resulting from the destruc-
D5546 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Binders in
tive distillation of coal, petroleum residuum, or bitumen in an
Toluene by Centrifuge
ovenorclosedchamber,orfromimperfectcombustionofthese
E169 PracticesforGeneralTechniquesofUltraviolet-Visible
materials, consisting principally of carbon.
Quantitative Analysis
3.1.8 colloidal suspension, n—an intimate mixture of two
substances, one of which, called the dispersed phase (or
3. Terminology
colloid), is uniformly distributed in a finely divided state
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
throughthesecondsubstance,calledthedispersionmedium(or
3.1.1 asphalt (5),n—a dark brown to black cementitious
dispersing medium).
material, solid or semisolid in consistency, in which the
3.1.9 compatibility, n—the state of peptization of an asphalt,
predominating constituents are bitumen, which occur in nature
which is measured quantitatively by the Heithaus parameter P.
as such or are obtained as residue by the refining of petroleum.
3.1.10 core asphalts, n—the eight asphalts selected for
3.1.2 asphalt cross-blend, n—any mixture of two or more
intensive study in the Strategic Highway Research Program
asphalts blended together to form a consistent material.
(SHRP).
3.1.11 dispersed phase, n—one phase of a dispersion con-
sisting of particles or droplets of one substance distributed
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
through a second phase.
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 on
Miscellaneous Asphalt Tests.
3.1.12 dispersing medium, n—one phase of a dispersion that
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
distributes particles or droplets of another substance, the
approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D6703 – 01. DOI:
10.1520/D6703-07.
disperse phase.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
3.1.13 flocculation, n—the process of aggregation and co-
this standard.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
alescence into a flocculent mass.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.14 Heithaus compatibility parameters, n—three param-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. eters: asphaltene peptizability (p ), maltene peptizing power
a
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6703 − 07
(p ), and asphalt state of peptization (P), measured using (1.6-mm
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6703–01 Designation: D 6703 – 07
Standard Test Method for
1
Automated Heithaus Titrimetry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6703; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1This test method describes a procedure for quantifying three Heithaus compatibility parameters that estimate the colloidal
stability of asphalts and asphalt cross blends
2
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for quantifying three Heithaus compatibility parameters (1,2) that estimate the
colloidal stability of asphalts and asphalt cross blends (1,2), aged asphalts (3) , and pyrolyzed heavy oil residua and asphalt (4)
using automated Heithaus titrimetry as a stability diagnostic tool.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Terminology Referenced Documents
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3
2.1.1ASTM Standards:
D 3279 Test Method for n-Heptane Insolubles
D 4124 Test Methods for Separation of Asphalt into Four Fractions
D 5546 Test Method for Solubility of Asphalt Binders in Toluene by Centrifuge
E 169 Practices for General Techniques of Ultraviolet-Visible Quantitative Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 asphalt(5), n—adarkbrowntoblackcementitiousmaterial,solidorsemisolidinconsistency,inwhichthepredominating
constituents are bitumens,bitumen, which occur in nature as such or are obtained as residue by the refining of petroleum.
2.1.23.1.2 asphalt cross-blend, n—any mixture of two or more asphalts blended together to form a consistent material.
2.1.3
3.1.3 asphaltene peptizability, n—the tendency of asphaltenes to exist as a stable dispersion in a maltene solvent, measured by
the Heithaus parameter p .
a
2.1.4
3.1.4 asphaltenes, n—the high molecular weight hydrocarbon fraction precipitated from asphalt by a designated paraffinic
naphtha solvent at a specified solvent-asphalt ratio.
2.1.4.1
3.1.4.1 Discussion—The asphaltene fraction should be identified by the solvent and solvent-asphalt ratio used.
2.1.5
3.1.5 asphalt state of peptization, n—a measure of the ability of the combination of a maltene solvent and dispersed asphaltenes
to form a stable dispersed system. Equivalent to compatibility of the system.
2.1.6
3.1.6 bitumen, n—a class of black or dark-colored (solid, semisolid, or viscous) cementitious substances, natural or
manufactured, composed principally of high-molecular weight hydrocarbons, of which asphalts, tars, pitches, and asphaltites are
typical.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.47 on
Miscellaneous Asphalt Tests.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published October 2001.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 6703 – 01.
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard.
3
Quartz flow cell, 0.10-mm path length, available from Starna Cells, Inc.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6703–07
2.1.7
3.1.7 coke, n—the solid product resulting from the destructive distillation of coal, petroleum residuum, or bitumen in an oven
or closed chamber, or from imperfect combustion of these materials, consisting principally of carbon.
2.1.8
3.1.8 colloidal suspension, n—an intimate mixture of two substances, one of which, called the dispersed phase (or colloid), is
uniformly distributed in a finely divided state through the second substance, called the dispersion medium (or dispersing medium).
2.1.9
3.1.9 compatibility, n—the state of peptization of an asphalt, which i
...
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