ASTM E775-15

Standard Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 These procedures are used by producers and users of RDF for determining the total sulfur content of the fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods present two alternative procedures for the determination of total sulfur in prepared analysis samples of solid refuse-derived fuel (RDF). Sulfur is included in the ultimate analysis of RDF.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:    
Test  
Sections  
Eschka Method  
8 – 11  
Bomb Washing Method  
12 and 13  
1.3 These test methods may be applicable to any waste material from which a laboratory analysis sample can be prepared.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Section 6.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2015
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• Technical Committee: D34 - Waste Management
• Drafting Committee: D34.03 - Treatment, Recovery and Reuse

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E775 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
1
Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E775; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E829 Practice for Preparing Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF)
3
Laboratory Samples for Analysis (Withdrawn 2002)
1.1 These test methods present two alternative procedures
for the determination of total sulfur in prepared analysis
3. Terminology
samples of solid refuse-derived fuel (RDF). Sulfur is included
in the ultimate analysis of RDF.
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to
Terminology D5681.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Test Sections
4. Summary of Test Methods
Eschka Method 8–11
Bomb Washing Method 12 and 13
4.1 EschkaMethod—AweighedsampleandEschkamixture
1.3 These test methods may be applicable to any waste
are ignited together and the sulfur is precipitated from the
material from which a laboratory analysis sample can be
resulting solution as barium sulfate (BaSO ).The precipitate is
4
prepared.
filtered, ashed, and weighed.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.2 BombWashingMethod—SulfurisprecipitatedasBaSO
4
standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information.
from oxygen-bomb calorimeter washings and the precipitate is
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
filtered, ashed, and weighed.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Significance and Use
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 These procedures are used by producers and users of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
RDF for determining the total sulfur content of the fuel.
precautionary statements see Section 6.
6. Precautions
2. Referenced Documents
2 6.1 Due to the origins of RDF in municipal waste, precau-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tions should be observed when conducting tests on samples.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Recommended safety practices include use of gloves when
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
handling RDF; wearing dust masks (NIOSH-approved type),
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
especially while milling RDF samples; conducting tests under
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
3 negative pressure hood when possible; and washing hands
cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
upon completion of activity and before eating or smoking.
E711 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse-
Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter (Withdrawn
3 7. Sampling
2011)
7.1 RDF products are frequently inhomogeneous. For this
reason significant care should be exercised to obtain a repre-
1 sentative sample from the RDF lot to be characterized.
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on
Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on
7.2 Thesamplingmethodforthisprocedureshouldbebased
Treatment, Recovery and Reuse.
on agreement between the involved parties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published September 2015. Originally
ɛ1
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as E775 – 87(2008) .
7.3 The laboratory sample must be air-dried and particle
DOI: 10.1520/E0775-15.
2
size reduced to pass through a 0.5-mm screen as described in
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Practice E829. This procedure must be performed carefully to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
preserve the sample’s representativeness beyond just particle
the ASTM website.
3
size while preparing the analysis sample to be analyzed
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. according to these procedures.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959. United States
1

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E775 − 15
TEST METHOD A—ESCHKA METHOD 10. Procedure
10.1 Preparation of Sample and Eschka Mixture—Weigh to
8. Apparatus
thenearest0.1mgabout1gofmixedair-driedanalysissample
8.1 Gas(Note1)orElectricMuffleFurnaceorBurners, for
and3gof Eschka mixture on glazed paper. Mix thoroughly.
igniting the sample with Eschka mixture and for igniting the
The amount of sample to be taken will depend on the amount
barium sulfate (BaSO ).
4 of BaCl solution required (see 10.3.5 and
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E775 − 87 (Reapproved 2008) E775 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
1
Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Refuse-Derived Fuel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E775; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Terms were removed and reference to Terminology D 5681 was added editorially to Section 3 in December
2008. Also, units statement was added.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods coverpresent two alternative procedures for the determination of total sulfur in prepared analysis samples
of solid forms of refuse-derived fuel (RDF). Sulfur is included in the ultimate analysis of RDF.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:
Test Sections
Eschka Method 8 – 11
Bomb Washing Method 12 and 13
1.3 These test methods may be applicable to any waste material from which a laboratory analysis sample can be prepared.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.as standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements see Section 6.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D5681 Terminology for Waste and Waste Management
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Specialty Chemicals
3
(Withdrawn 2009)
3
E711 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Refuse-Derived Fuel by the Bomb Calorimeter (Withdrawn 2011)
3
E829 Practice for Preparing Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) Laboratory Samples for Analysis (Withdrawn 2002)
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard, refer to Terminology D5681.
4. Summary of Test Methods
4.1 Eschka Method—A weighed sample and Eschka mixture are ignited together and the sulfur is precipitated from the resulting
solution as barium sulfate (BaSO ). The precipitate is filtered, ashed, and weighed.
4
4.2 Bomb Washing Method—Sulfur is precipitated as BaSO from the oxygen-bomb calorimeter washings and the precipitate
4
is filtered, ashed, and weighed.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03.02D34.03 on
MunicipalTreatment, Recovery and Reuse (Disbanded 06/09).
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2008Sept. 1, 2015. Published December 2008September 2015. Originally approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 20042008
ɛ1
as E775 – 87(2004).(2008) . DOI: 10.1520/E0775-87R08E01.10.1520/E0775-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E775 − 15
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The standards are available toThese procedures are used by producers and users of RDF for determining the total sulfur
content of the fuel.
6. Precautions
6.1 Due to the origins of RDF in municipal waste, common sense dictates that some precautions should be observed when
conducting tests on the samples. Recommended hygienicsafety practices include use of gloves when handling RDF; wearing dust
masks (NIOSH-approved type), especially while milling RDF samples; conducting tests under negative pressure hood when
possible; and washing hands upon completion of activity and before eating or smoking.
7. Sampling
7.1 RDF products are frequently nonhomogeneous.inhomogeneous. For this reason significant care should be exercised to
obtain a repres
...