ASTM D3985-02
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Coulometric Sensor
Standard Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Coulometric Sensor
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination of the steady-state rate of transmission of oxygen gas through plastics in the form of film, sheeting, laminates, coextrusions, or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. It provides for the determination of (1) oxygen gas transmission rate (O2GTR), (2) the permeance of the film to oxygen gas (PO2), and ( 3) oxygen permeability coefficient (P'O2) in the case of homogeneous materials.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 This test method does not purport to be the only method for measurement of O2GTR. There may be other methods of O2GTR determination that use other oxygen sensors and procedures.
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Designation: D 3985 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and
1
Sheeting Using a Coulometric Sensor
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3985; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope should not be used, unless the relationship between thickness
and permeance has been verified on tests using several different
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determination
thicknesses of the material. The SI unit of oxygen permeability
of the steady-state rate of transmission of oxygen gas through
is the mol/m·s·Pa. The test conditions (see 3.1.3) must be
plastics in the form of film, sheeting, laminates, coextrusions,
stated.
or plastic-coated papers or fabrics. It provides for the determi-
3.1.2 oxygen permeance (PO )—the ratio of the O GTR to
nation of (1) oxygen gas transmission rate (O GTR), (2) the 2 2
2
the difference between the partial pressure of O on the two
2
permeance of the film to oxygen gas (PO ), and (3) oxygen
2
2
sides of the film. The SI unit of permeance is the mol/(m ·s·Pa).
permeability coefficient (P’O ) in the case of homogeneous
2
The test conditions (see 5.1) must be stated.
materials.
3.1.3 oxygen transmission rate (O GTR)—the quantity of
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the 2
oxygen gas passing through a unit area of the parallel surfaces
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
of a plastic film per unit time under the conditions of test. The
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
2
SI unit of transmission rate is the mol/(m ·s). The test condi-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
tions, including temperature and oxygen partial pressure on
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
both sides of the film must be stated.
1.3 This test method does not purport to be the only method
3
3.1.3.1 A commonly used unit of O GTR is the cm (STP)/
2
for measurement of O GTR. There may be other methods of
2
2 3
m ·d) at one atmosphere pressure difference where 1 cm (STP)
O GTR determination that use other oxygen sensors and
2
is 44.62 μmol, 1 atm is 0.1013 MPa, and one day is
procedures.
3
86.4 3 10 s. The O GTR in SI units is obtained by multiplying
2
−10
2. Referenced Documents the value in inch-pound units by 5.160 3 10 .
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
D 1434 Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability
2
4.1 The oxygen gas transmission rate is determined after the
Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting
3 sample has equilibrated in a dry test environment. In this
D 1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
context, a “dry” environment is considered to be one in which
F 1927 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen Gas
the relative humidity is less than 1 %.
Transmission Rate, Permeability and Permeance at Con-
4.2 The specimen is mounted as a sealed semi-barrier
trolled Relative Humidity Through Barrier Materials Using
2 between two chambers at ambient atmospheric pressure. One
a Coulometric Detector
chamber is slowly purged by a stream of nitrogen and the other
3. Terminology chamber contains oxygen. As oxygen gas permeates through
the film into the nitrogen carrier gas, it is transported to the
3.1 Definitions: :
coulometric detector where it produces an electrical current,
3.1.1 oxygen permeability coeffıcient (P’O )—the product
2
the magnitude of which is proportional to the amount of
of the permeance and the thickness of film. The permeability is
oxygen flowing into the detector per unit time.
meaningful only for homogeneous materials, in which case it is
a property characteristic of the bulk material. This quantity
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The O GTR is an important determinant of the packag-
2
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F02 on Flexible
ing protection afforded by barrier materials. It is not, however,
Barrier Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.30 on Test
the sole determinant, and additional tests, based on experience,
Methods.
must be used to correlate packaging performance with O GTR.
2
Current edition approved May 10, 2002. Published July 2002. Originally
It is suitable as a referee method of testing, provided that the
published as D 3985 – 81. Last previous edition D 3985 – 95.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
3
Discontinued, see 1997 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
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