ASTM B86-23

Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die Castings

ABSTRACT
This specification covers commercial zinc, zinc-aluminum castings and continuous cast bar stock. Seven alloy compositions are specified and designated: Alloy 3; Alloy 7; Alloy 5; Alloy 2; ZA-8; ZA-12; ZA-27. The metal used in the manufacture of die castings shall be zinc alloy of a specified chemical composition conforming to the requirements specified. Impact test and tension test shall be made to conform to the specified requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers commercial zinc, zinc-aluminum castings and continuous cast bar stock, as designated and specified in Table 1. Eight alloy compositions are specified and designated as follows:    
Common  
Traditional  
ASTM A  
UNS  
Alloy 3  
Zamak 3  
AG 40A B  
Z33525  
Alloy 7  
Zamak 7  
AG 40B  
Z33527  
Alloy 5  
Zamak 5  
AC 41A B  
Z35533  
Alloy 2  
Zamak 2  
AC 43A  
Z35545  
ZA-8  
ZA-8  
...  
Z35638  
ZA-12  
ZA-12  
...  
Z35633  
ZA-27  
ZA-27  
...  
Z35841  
ACuZinc 5C  
...  
Z46541    
1.2 Zinc Alloys Z33525, Z33527, Z35533, and Z35545 are used primarily in the manufacture of pressure die castings. Zinc-Aluminum Alloys Z35638, Z35633, and Z35841 are used in the manufacture of both foundry and pressure die castings. These alloys are also fabricated into continuous cast bar stock used for prototyping and screw machine stock.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 Systems of nomenclature used to designate zinc and zinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys used for casting are described in Appendix X1.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2023
• ICS: 77.150.60 - Lead, zinc and tin products
• Technical Committee: B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B02.04 - Zinc and Cadmium

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B86-22 - Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM E23-24 - Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-24 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM E23-23a - Standard Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2023
• Refers: ASTM E8/E8M-22 - Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-May-2022
• Referred By: ASTM B252-92(2020) - Standard Guide for Preparation of Zinc Alloy Die Castings for Electroplating and Conversion Coatings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM B240-22 - Standard Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM E784-89(2022) - Standard Specification for Clamps, Utility, Laboratory, and Holders, Buret and Clamp
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM B949-23 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM C1804-20 - Standard Specification for Spun Cast Prestressed Concrete Bases for Tapered Steel Lighting Poles
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Referred By: ASTM F3160-21 - Standard Guide for Metallurgical Characterization of Absorbable Metallic Materials for Medical Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023

Overview

ASTM B86-23 is the international standard specification for commercial zinc and zinc-aluminum (ZA) alloy foundry and die castings, as well as continuous cast bar stock. Developed by ASTM International, this standard defines requirements for the chemical composition, ordering, testing, and quality assurance of various zinc alloys and zinc-aluminum alloys widely used in the casting and manufacturing industries. The standard covers both pressure die casting and foundry casting processes, and provides essential guidelines for manufacturers, purchasers, and engineers to ensure product quality and consistency across the industry.

Key Topics

• Alloy Compositions: The standard specifies eight alloy compositions, designated as Alloy 3 (Zamak 3), Alloy 7 (Zamak 7), Alloy 5 (Zamak 5), Alloy 2 (Zamak 2), ZA-8, ZA-12, ZA-27, and ACuZinc 5. Each alloy is characterized by its unique mixture of aluminum, magnesium, copper, and trace elements, conforming to unified numbering system (UNS) designations.

• Chemical and Mechanical Properties: ASTM B86-23 sets strict chemical composition limits for each alloy, ensuring material integrity and performance. Physical and mechanical property requirements, such as tensile strength and impact resistance, are referenced for guidance and quality comparison rather than design limits.

• Manufacturing Methods: The standard covers zinc and zinc-aluminum alloys for use in pressure die casting, foundry casting, sand casting, permanent mold casting, and continuous cast bar stock production. It also addresses the use of these materials for prototyping and screw machine stock.

• Quality Assurance and Testing: Requirements include inspection, testing procedures, marking, packaging, and certification. Specific test methods for chemical analysis and mechanical properties are referenced, such as tension and impact tests applied to samples or test bars.

• Nomenclature and Designation Systems: Multiple nomenclature systems are acknowledged, including conventional alloy numbers, traditional names (e.g., Zamak, ZA), ASTM codes, and UNS designations.

• Order and Documentation Requirements: The standard details essential information to be included in purchase orders, such as alloy selection, dimensional drawings, and any special testing or quality requirements.

Applications

The alloys and procedures defined in ASTM B86-23 are used across a range of industrial sectors, including:

• Automotive: Manufacturing of complex, high-volume zinc die cast parts such as housings, brackets, and interior components.
• Consumer Electronics: Production of precision parts, enclosures, and connectors requiring dimensional stability and aesthetic surface finishes.
• Appliances and Hardware: Fabrication of durable, corrosion-resistant components for household appliances and building hardware.
• Prototyping and Machining: Continuous cast bar stock enables rapid development and machining of prototypes and specialized machine parts.
• Industrial Equipment: Custom castings for actuating devices, housings, and fixtures in various machinery and tooling applications.

Adherence to ASTM B86-23 assures consistent product quality, supports safety and compliance, and streamlines global trade by providing harmonized requirements accepted internationally.

Related Standards

Users of ASTM B86-23 may also reference the following standards for a comprehensive approach to zinc and zinc-aluminum alloy processing and quality control:

• ASTM B240: Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings
• ASTM B899: Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
• ASTM B949: General Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products
• ASTM E8/E8M: Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
• ASTM E23: Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
• ISO 301: Zinc Alloy Ingots Intended for Casting
• ISO 15201: Zinc and Zinc Alloys-Castings-Specifications
• NADCA Product Specification Standards for Die Castings

By following ASTM B86-23 in conjunction with these related documents, industry professionals can ensure optimal quality, safety, and compliance in the manufacture and application of zinc and zinc-aluminum alloy castings worldwide.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: B86 − 23
Standard Specification for
Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die
Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B86; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided
1.1 This specification covers commercial zinc, zinc-
by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health,
aluminum castings and continuous cast bar stock, as designated
and environmental practices, and determine the applicability
and specified in Table 1. Eight alloy compositions are specified
of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and designated as follows:
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
A
Common Traditional ASTM UNS
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
B
Alloy 3 Zamak 3 AG 40A Z33525 ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Alloy 7 Zamak 7 AG 40B Z33527
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
B
Alloy 5 Zamak 5 AC 41A Z35533
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Alloy 2 Zamak 2 AC 43A Z35545
ZA-8 ZA-8 . Z35638 Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ZA-12 ZA-12 . Z35633
ZA-27 ZA-27 . Z35841
2. Referenced Documents
C
ACuZinc 5 . Z46541
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date
A
See Table 1, Footnote C.
of order acceptance form a part of this specification to the
B
SAE Specification, Nos. 903 and 925 conform to the requirements for alloys
extent referenced herein:
AG40A and AC41A, respectively.
C
ACuZinc and ACuZinc5 are registered trade names of the General Motors
2.2 ASTM Standards:
Corporation.
B240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Al-
1.2 Zinc Alloys Z33525, Z33527, Z35533, and Z35545 are
loys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings
used primarily in the manufacture of pressure die castings.
B275 Practice for Codification of Certain Zinc, Tin and Lead
Zinc-Aluminum Alloys Z35638, Z35633, and Z35841 are used
Die Castings (Withdrawn 2020)
in the manufacture of both foundry and pressure die castings.
B557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast
These alloys are also fabricated into continuous cast bar stock
Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
used for prototyping and screw machine stock.
B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Al-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
loys
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
B949 Specification for General Requirements for Zinc and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Zinc Alloy Products
and are not considered standard.
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
terials
1.4 Systems of nomenclature used to designate zinc and
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Me-
zinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys used for casting are described in
tallic Materials
Appendix X1.
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Determine Conformance with Specifications
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
B02.04 on Zinc and Cadmium. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1931. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as B86 – 22. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/B0086-23. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B86 − 23
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
A, B, C
Composition % max, except as indicated
Traditional ASTM
Common Name UNS Al Mg Cu Fe Pb Cd Sn Ni
Name Designation
A,B,C,D,G,H,I
Alloy 3 Zamak 3 (AG40A) Z33525 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.06 0.10 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,B,C,D,E,I
Alloy 7 Zamak 7 (AG40B) Z33527 3.7-4.3 0.005-0.020 0.10 0.05 0.0030 0.0020 0.0010 0.005-0.020
A,B,C,D,I
Alloy 5 Zamak 5 (AC41A) Z35533 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.06 0.7-1.2 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,C,D,I
Alloy 2 Zamak 2 (AC43A) Z35545 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.05 2.6-3.3 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,C,F,I
ZA-8 ZA-8 Z35638 8.0-8.8 0.01-0.03 0.8-1.3 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F,I
ZA-12 ZA-12 Z35633 10.5-11.5 0.01-0.03 0.5-1.2 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F,I
ZA-27 ZA-27 Z35841 25.0-28.0 0.01-0.020 2.0-2.5 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F,I
ACuZinc5 ACuZinc5 Z46541 2.5-3.3 0.025-0.05 5.0-6.0 0.075 0.005 0.004 0.003 .
A
For purposes of acceptance and rejection, the observed value or calculated value obtained from analysis should be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures, used in expressing the specified
limit, in accordance with the rounding procedure prescribed in Practice E29. Note: Elements with a single value are considered maximum allowed concentrations.
B
Zinc alloy castings may contain nickel, chromium, silicon, and manganese in amounts of 0.02 %, 0.02 %, 0.035 %, and 0.06 %, respectively. No deleterious effects on alloy performance have ever been noted due to
the presence of these elements in these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements, with the exception of nickel analysis for Z33527.
C
ASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B275. The UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E527. The last digit of a UNS number differentiates between alloys
of similar composition. The UNS designations for ingot and casting versions of an alloy were not assigned in the same sequence for all alloys.
D
When this material is required to conform to ISO 301, the chemical limits for thallium and indium each shall not exceed 0.001 %.
E
For the majority of commercial applications, a copper content up to 0.25 % will not adversely affect the serviceability of these die castings and should not serve as a basis for rejection, unless otherwise specified in
the contract or purchase order between the producer and user.
F
Zinc-aluminum casting for foundry and pressure die casting may contain chrome, manganese, or nickel in amounts of up to 0.01 % each or 0.03 % total. No deleterious effects on alloy performance have ever been
noted due to the presence of these elements in up to these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements.
G
For the majority of commercial applications, a copper content of up to 0.7 % will not adversely affect the serviceability of die castings and should not serve as a basis for rejection, unless otherwise specified in the
contract or purchase order between the producer and user, such as to meet the requirements of ISO 15201.
H
Magnesium may be as low as 0.015 % provided that the lead, cadmium, and tin do not exceed 0.003 %, 0.003 %, and 0.001 %, respectively.
I
Remainder Zn, determined arithmetically by difference.

B86 − 23
Unified Numbering System (UNS) 4. Ordering Information
E536 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and Zinc
4.1 Orders for die castings shall include the following basic
Alloys
information in addition to the requirements listed in Specifi-
2.3 North American Die Casting Association (NADCA): cation B949:
NADCA Product Specification Standards for Die Castings
4.1.1 Alloy (Table 1), and
4.1.2 Drawing of casting, when required, giving all neces-
2.4 Federal Standard:
sary dimensions and showing latest revisions and allowances
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
for matching, if any. Location of ejector pin marks or parting
2.5 Military Standard:
lines shall be at the option of the producer, unless specifically
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage (Military
designated on the drawing.
Agencies)
4.2 Additional tests, options, and special inspection require-
2.6 Military Specification:
ments as provided as follows should be justified only on the
MIL-P-116 Methods of Preservation
basis of need. These shall be specified in the contract or
2.7 ISO Standards:
purchase order, as additional procedures and extended delivery
ISO 301 Zinc Alloy Ingots Intended for Casting
time may be involved.
ISO 15201 Zinc and Zinc alloys—Castings—Specifications
4.2.1 Chemical analysis (6.1.1),
ISO 3815-1 Zinc and zinc alloys—Part 1: Analysis of solid
4.2.2 Quality assurance (Section 15),
samples by optical emission spectrometry
4.2.3 Special proof tests or mechanical properties (Section
ISO 3815-2 Zinc and zinc alloys—Part 2: Analysis by in-
7),
ductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
4.2.4 General quality options for internal soundness or for
finish (Section 14),
3. Terminology
4.2.5 Source inspection (Section 9),
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology
4.2.6 Certification (Section 11),
B899.
4.2.7 Marking for identification (Section 12), and
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.2.8 Special packaging (Section 13).
3.2.1 continuous casting, n—a casting technique in which a
cast is continuously withdrawn through the bottom of the mold
5. Material
as it solidifies, so that its length is not determined by mold
5.1 The metal used in the manufacture of die castings shall
dimensions; used chiefly to produce semifinished mill products
be zinc alloy of a specified chemical composition conforming
such as billets, blooms, ingots, slabs, and tubes; also known as
to the requirements of Specification B240.
concast.
3.2.2 die casting, n—a casting process in which molten
6. Chemical Requirements
metal is injected under high velocity and pressure into a metal
6.1 Limits—The casting shall conform to the requirements
die and solidified, also a product produced by such a process.
as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. Confor-
Alternately known as pressure die casting.
mance shall be determined by the producer by analyzing
3.2.3 foundry casting, n—metal object produced by intro-
samples taken at the time that castings are made. If the
ducing molten metal by gravity into a mold of any type and
producer has determined the chemical composition of the metal
allowing it to solidify.
during the course of manufacture, he shall not be required to
3.2.4 permanent mold casting, n—metal object produced by
sample and analyze the finished product.
introducing molten metal by gravity or low pressure into a
NOTE 1—The chemical compositions prescribed in Table 1 (not
mold constructed of durable material, usually iron or steel, and
including the footnotes) for Alloys 3, 5, 2, ZA-8, ZA-12, and ZA-27
allowing it to solidify. When a graphite mold is used the
conform to the prescribed chemical compositions in ISO 15201.
process is known as graphite permanent mold casting.
6.1.1 When a detailed chemical analysis is required with a
3.2.5 sand casting, n—metal object produced by introducing
shipment, it shall be called for in the contract or purchase order.
molten metal by gravity into a sand mold and allowing it to
6.1.2 If the producer’s or supplier’s method of composition
solidify.
control is acceptable, sampling for chemical composition may
3.2.6 semipermanent mold casting, n—permanent mold
be waived at the discretion of the purchaser.
casting which is made using an expendable core such as sand.
6.2 Number of Samples—When required, samples for deter-
mination of chemical composition shall be taken to represent
the following (also, see appropriate requirements in Specifica-
Available from North American Die Casting, Assn., 2000 5th Ave., River
tion B949):
Grove, IL 60171, http://www.diecasting.org.
5 6.2.1 A sample shall be taken from each of two representa-
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
tive castings selected from each lot defined in 15.2.
Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
www.dodssp.daps.mil.
6.3 Methods of Sampling—See appropriate sections of
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. Specification B949 for methods of sampling.
B86 − 23
6.4 Method of Analysis—The determination of chemical 10. Rejection and Rehearing
composition shall be made in accordance with suitable analyti-
10.1 See appropriate sections of Specification B949.
cal methods. In case of dispute, the results secured by an
approved method (or combination of approved methods), or by
11. Certification
a method agreed upon by both parties, shall be the basis of
11.1 See appropriate sections of Specification B949.
acceptance.
6.4.1 Approved methods include: Test Methods E536, ISO
12. Identification Marking
3815-1, or ISO 3815-2.
12.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, or in
NOTE 2—Test Methods E536 is directly applicable, in an unmodified
the detail drawing, all castings shall be properly marked for
form, only to alloys 3, 5, and 7. ISO 3815-1 and ISO 3815-2 are generic
methods applied to zinc and zinc alloys. Each of the methods may be identification with the part number and name or brand of the
modified and formatted for the alloy to be assayed. An experienced
producer as specified.
chemist, using suitable and/or traceable standards along with valid quality
assurance techniques, will be able to perform and validate the methods
13. Preparation for Delivery
and demonstrate acceptable precision and accuracy.
13.1 Packaging—Unless otherwise specified, the castings
shall be packaged to provide adequate protection during
7. Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties and Tests
normal handling and transportation. Each package shall con-
7.1 Unless specified in the contract or purchase order, or
tain only one type item unless otherwise agreed upon. The type
specified on the detail drawing, acceptance of castings under
of packaging and gross weight of containers shall, unless
this specification shall not depend on mechanical properties
otherwise agreed upon, be at the producer’s discretion, pro-
determined by tension or impact tests.
vided they are such as to ensure acceptance by common or
7.1.1 Appendix X2 shows typical mechanical properties,
other carriers for safe transportation at the lowest rate to the
determined on separately cast test bars produced under care-
delivery point.
fully controlled conditions.
13.2 Marking—Each shipping container shall be legibly
7.1.2 While these typical mechanical properties of sepa-
marked with the purchase order number, gross and net weights,
rately cast test bars are useful for comparing the relative
and the supplier’s name or trademark. Marking for shipment
properties of various casting alloys, they sh
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B86 − 22 B86 − 23
Standard Specification for
Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die
Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B86; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers commercial zinc, zinc-aluminum castings and continuous cast bar stock, as designated and specified
in Table 1. Eight alloy compositions are specified and designated as follows:
A
Common Traditional ASTM UNS
B
Alloy 3 Zamak 3 AG 40A Z33525
Alloy 7 Zamak 7 AG 40B Z33527
B
Alloy 5 Zamak 5 AC 41A Z35533
Alloy 2 Zamak 2 AC 43A Z35545
ZA-8 ZA-8 . Z35638
ZA-12 ZA-12 . Z35633
ZA-27 ZA-27 . Z35841
C
ACuZinc 5 . Z46541
A
See Table 1, Footnote C.
B
SAE Specification, Nos. 903 and 925 conform to the requirements for alloys AG40A and AC41A, respectively.
C
ACuZinc and ACuZinc5 are registered trade names of the General Motors Corporation.
1.2 Zinc Alloys Z33525, Z33527, Z35533, and Z35545 are used primarily in the manufacture of pressure die castings.
Zinc-Aluminum Alloys Z35638, Z35633, and Z35841 are used in the manufacture of both foundry and pressure die castings. These
alloys are also fabricated into continuous cast bar stock used for prototyping and screw machine stock.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 Systems of nomenclature used to designate zinc and zinc-aluminum (ZA) alloys used for casting are described in Appendix
X1.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet
(SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental
practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.04 on Zinc
and Cadmium.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2022November 2023. Originally approved in 1931. Last previous edition approved in 20182022
ɛ1
as B86 – 18B86 – 22. . DOI: 10.1520/B0086-22.10.1520/B0086-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B86 − 23
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
A, B, C
Composition % max, except as indicated
Traditional ASTM
Common Name UNS Al Mg Cu Fe Pb Cd Sn Ni
Name Designation
A,B,C,D
Alloy 3 Zamak 3 (AG40A) Z33525 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.06 0.10 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,B,C,D,E
Alloy 7 Zamak 7 (AG40B) Z33527 3.7-4.3 0.005-0.020 0.10 0.05 0.0030 0.0020 0.0010 0.005-0.020
A,B,C,D
Alloy 5 Zamak 5 (AC41A) Z35533 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.06 0.7-1.2 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,C,,D
Alloy 2 Zamak 2 (AC43A) Z35545 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.05 2.6-3.3 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,C,F
ZA-8 ZA-8 Z35638 8.0-8.8 0.01-0.03 0.8-1.3 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F
ZA-12 ZA-12 Z35633 10.5-11.5 0.01-0.03 0.5-1.2 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F
ZA-27 ZA-27 Z35841 25.0-28.0 0.01-0.020 2.0-2.5 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F
ACuZinc5 ACuZinc5 Z46541 2.5-3.3 0.025-0.05 5.0-6.0 0.075 0.005 0.004 0.003 .
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
A, B, C
Composition % max, except as indicated
Traditional ASTM
Common Name UNS Al Mg Cu Fe Pb Cd Sn Ni
Name Designation
A,B,C,D,G,H,I
Alloy 3 Zamak 3 (AG40A) Z33525 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.06 0.10 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,B,C,D,E,I
Alloy 7 Zamak 7 (AG40B) Z33527 3.7-4.3 0.005-0.020 0.10 0.05 0.0030 0.0020 0.0010 0.005-0.020
A,B,C,D,I
Alloy 5 Zamak 5 (AC41A) Z35533 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.06 0.7-1.2 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,C,D,I
Alloy 2 Zamak 2 (AC43A) Z35545 3.7-4.3 0.02-0.05 2.6-3.3 0.05 0.0050 0.0040 0.002 .
A,C,F,I
ZA-8 ZA-8 Z35638 8.0-8.8 0.01-0.03 0.8-1.3 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F,I
ZA-12 ZA-12 Z35633 10.5-11.5 0.01-0.03 0.5-1.2 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F,I
ZA-27 ZA-27 Z35841 25.0-28.0 0.01-0.020 2.0-2.5 0.075 0.006 0.006 0.003 .
A,C,F,I
ACuZinc5 ACuZinc5 Z46541 2.5-3.3 0.025-0.05 5.0-6.0 0.075 0.005 0.004 0.003 .
A
For purposes of acceptance and rejection, the observed value or calculated value obtained from analysis should be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures, used in expressing the specified
limit, in accordance with the rounding procedure prescribed in Practice E29. Note: Elements with a single value are considered maximum allowed concentrations.
B
Zinc alloy castings may contain nickel, chromium, silicon, and manganese in amounts of 0.02, 0.02, 0.035,0.02 %, 0.02 %, 0.035 %, and 0.06 %, respectively. No deleterious effects on alloy performance have ever
been noted due to the presence of these elements in these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements, with the exception of nickel analysis for Z33527.
C
ASTM alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B275. The UNS designations were established in accordance with Practice E527. The last digit of a UNS number differentiates between alloys
of similar composition. The UNS designations for ingot and casting versions of an alloy were not assigned in the same sequence for all alloys.
D
When this material is required to conform to ISO 301, the chemical limits for thallium and indium each shall not exceed 0.001 %.
E
For the majority of commercial applications, a copper content up to 0.25 % will not adversely affect the serviceability of these die castings and should not serve as a basis for rejection, unless otherwise specified in
the contract or purchase order between the producer and user.
F
Zinc-aluminum casting for foundry and pressure die casting may contain chrome, manganese, or nickel in amounts of up to 0.01 % each or 0.03 % total. No deleterious effects on alloy performance have ever been
noted due to the presence of these elements in up to these concentrations and, therefore, analyses are not required for these elements.
G
For the majority of commercial applications, a copper content of up to 0.7 % will not adversely affect the serviceability of die castings and should not serve as a basis for rejection, unless otherwise specified in the
contract or purchase order between the producer and user, such as to meet the requirements of ISO 15201.
H
Magnesium may be as low as 0.015 % provided that the lead, cadmium, and tin do not exceed 0.003 %, 0.003 %, and 0.001 %, respectively.
I
Remainder Zn, determined arithmetically by difference.

B86 − 23
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on date of order acceptance form a part of this specification to the extent
referenced herein:
2.2 ASTM Standards:
B240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die Castings
B275 Practice for Codification of Certain Zinc, Tin and Lead Die Castings (Withdrawn 2020)
B557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
B899 Terminology Relating to Non-ferrous Metals and Alloys
B949 Specification for General Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the Unified Numbering System (UNS)
E536 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Zinc and Zinc Alloys
2.3 North American Die Casting Association (NADCA):
NADCA Product Specification Standards for Die Castings
2.4 Federal Standard:
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
2.5 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage (Military Agencies)
2.6 Military Specification:
MIL-P-116 Methods of Preservation
2.7 ISO Standards:
ISO 301 Zinc Alloy Ingots Intended for Casting
ISO 15201 Zinc and Zinc alloys—Castings—Specifications
ISO 3815-1 Zinc and zinc alloys—Part 1: Analysis of solid samples by optical emission spectrometry
ISO 3815-2 Zinc and zinc alloys—Part 2: Analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry
3. Terminology
3.1 Terms shall be defined in accordance with Terminology B899.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 continuous casting, n—a casting technique in which a cast is continuously withdrawn through the bottom of the mold as it
solidifies, so that its length is not determined by mold dimensions; used chiefly to produce semifinished mill products such as
billets, blooms, ingots, slabs, and tubes; also known as concast.
3.2.2 die casting, n—a casting process in which molten metal is injected under high velocity and pressure into a metal die and
solidified, also a product produced by such a process. Alternately known as pressure die casting.
3.2.3 foundry casting, n—metal object produced by introducing molten metal by gravity into a mold of any type and allowing it
to solidify.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from North American Die Casting, Assn., 2000 5th Ave., River Grove, IL 60171, http://www.diecasting.org.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
B86 − 23
3.2.4 permanent mold casting, n—metal object produced by introducing molten metal by gravity or low pressure into a mold
constructed of durable material, usually iron or steel, and allowing it to solidify. When a graphite mold is used the process is known
as graphite permanent mold casting.
3.2.5 sand casting, n—metal object produced by introducing molten metal by gravity into a sand mold and allowing it to solidify.
3.2.6 semipermanent mold casting, n—permanent mold casting which is made using an expendable core such as sand.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for die castings shall include the following basic information in addition to the requirements listed in Specification
B949:
4.1.1 Alloy (Table 1), and
4.1.2 Drawing of casting, when required, giving all necessary dimensions and showing latest revisions and allowances for
matching, if any. Location of ejector pin marks or parting lines shall be at the option of the producer, unless specifically designated
on the drawing.
4.2 Additional tests, options, and special inspection requirements as provided as follows should be justified only on the basis of
need. These shall be specified in the contract or purchase order, as additional procedures and extended delivery time may be
involved.
4.2.1 Chemical analysis (6.1.1),
4.2.2 Quality assurance (Section 15),
4.2.3 Special proof tests or mechanical properties (Section 7),
4.2.4 General quality options for internal soundness or for finish (Section 14),
4.2.5 Source inspection (Section 9),
4.2.6 Certification (Section 11),
4.2.7 Marking for identification (Section 12), and
4.2.8 Special packaging (Section 13).
5. Material
5.1 The metal used in the manufacture of die castings shall be zinc alloy of a specified chemical composition conforming to the
requirements of Specification B240.
6. Chemical Requirements
6.1 Limits—The casting shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1. Conformance shall
be determined by the producer by analyzing samples taken at the time that castings are made. If the producer has determined the
chemical composition of the metal during the course of manufacture, he shall not be required to sample and analyze the finished
product.
NOTE 1—The chemical compositions prescribed in Table 1 (not including the footnotes) for Alloys 3, 5, 2, ZA-8, ZA-12, and ZA-27 conform to the
prescribed chemical compositions in ISO 15201.
6.1.1 When a detailed chemical analysis is required with a shipment, it shall be called for in the contract or purchase order.
B86 − 23
6.1.2 If the producer’s or supplier’s method of composition control is acceptable, sampling for chemical composition may be
waived at the discretion of the purchaser.
6.2 Number of Samples—When required, samples for determination of chemical composition shall be taken to represent the
following (Also,(also, see appropriate requirements in Specification B949.):):
6.2.1 A sample shall be taken from each of two representative castings selected from each lot defined in 15.2.
6.3 Methods of Sampling—See appropriate sections of Specification B949 for methods of sampling.
6.4 Method of Analysis—The determination of chemical composition shall be made in accordance with suitable analytical
methods. In case of dispute, the results secured by an approved method (or combination of approved methods), or by a method
agreed upon by both parties, shall be the basis of acceptance.
6.4.1 Approved methods include: Test Methods E536, ISO 3815-1, or ISO 3815-2.
NOTE 2—Test Methods E536 is directly applicable, in an unmodified form, only to alloys 3, 5, and 7. ISO 3815-1 and ISO 3815-2 are generic methods
applied to zinc and zinc alloys. Each of the methods may be modified and formatted for the alloy to be assayed. An experienced chemist, using suitable
and/or traceable standards along with valid quality assurance techniques, will be able to perform and validate the methods and demonstrate acceptable
precision and accuracy.
7. Physical Properties, Mechanical Properties and Tests
7.1 Unless specified in the contract or purchase order, or specified on the detail drawing, acceptance of castings under this
specification shall not depend on mechanical properties determined by tension or impact tests.
7.1.1 Appendix X2 shows typical mechanical properties, determined on separately cast test bars produced under carefully
controlled conditions.
7.1.2 While these typical mechanical properties of separately cast test bars are useful for comparing the relative properties of
various casting alloys, they should not be used to establish design limits or acceptance criteria.
7.1.3 If tension or impact tests are made on separately cast test bars, test specimens conforming to the dimensions shown in Test
Methods B557 (the figure entitled, Standard Tension Test Specimen for Die Castings), Test Methods E8/E8M, (the figure entitled
Standard Test Specimen for Cast Iron), and of Test Methods E23 (the figure entitled, Charpy (Simple-Beam) Impact Test
Specimens, Types A, B, and C) shall be used, and process operating variables shall be optimized for the specific mold or die b
...