ASTM F2044-09(2013)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Liquid Level Indicating Equipment, Electrical
Standard Specification for Liquid Level Indicating Equipment, Electrical
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for electrical liquid level indicating equipment for shipboard low pressure and high pressure tanks containing freshwater, feed water, potable water, seawater, wastewater, diesel fuel, lubricating oil, contaminated oil, refrigerants, JP fuels, and various other fluids. Application includes compensating tanks in which the equipment must locate the interface. Each liquid level indicating equipment shall consists of one or more sensing devices; primary indicator panel assembly; and flexible interconnections, auxiliary indicator panel assembly, and portable indicator panel assembly, when needed or required. The level sensing techniques include: admittance and impedance, magnetic float, differential pressure, time domain reflectometry, capacitance, resistance tape, static pressure, radar, and ultrasonic sensing. The most common types of process media and the specified pressure range and display for liquid level indication are given. Materials for the sensing devices and wetted pans shall be selected for long-term compatibility with the process medium. Physical property requirements include: (1) enclosure, (2) liquid level indicating equipment mounting, (3) external configuration, (4) electrical connection, and (5) size and weight. Critical service life and performance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition requirements. The following performance characteristics and environmental exposures may or may not be important to the intended application: accuracy, response time, repeatability, hysteresis, insulation resistance, specific gravity, fluid conductivity, tank wall proximity, inclination, spike voltage, salt spray, vibration, shock enclosure, dc magnetic field, electromagnetic interference, immersion, and supply line voltage and frequency variation. Inspection requirements specified are classified as (1) first article test and (2) conformance test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrical liquid level indicating equipment for shipboard low pressure and high pressure tanks containing freshwater, feed water, potable water, seawater, wastewater, diesel fuel, lubricating oil, contaminated oil, refrigerants, JP fuels, and various other fluids. Application includes compensating tanks in which the equipment must locate the interface.
1.2 Each liquid level indicating equipment typically consists of the following components:(a) One or more sensing devices;(b) Flexible interconnections, if needed;(c) Primary indicator panel assembly;(d) Auxiliary indicator panel assembly, when required; and(e) Portable indicator panel assembly, when required.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated in SI units.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications are included in the Supplement to this standard.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:F2044 −09 (Reapproved 2013) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Liquid Level Indicating Equipment, Electrical
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2044; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.2 ISO Standards:
9001 Quality System Model for Quality Assurance in
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrical
Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-
liquid level indicating equipment for shipboard low pressure
vicing
and high pressure tanks containing freshwater, feed water,
potablewater,seawater,wastewater,dieselfuel,lubricatingoil,
3. Terminology
contaminated oil, refrigerants, JP fuels, and various other
3.1 Definitions:
fluids. Application includes compensating tanks in which the
3.1.1 hysteresis—maximum difference in output, at any
equipment must locate the interface.
measurand value within the specified range, when the value is
1.2 Eachliquidlevelindicatingequipmenttypicallyconsists
approached first with increasing and then with decreasing
of the following components:
measurand.
(a) One or more sensing devices;
3.1.2 insulation resistance—the resistance measured be-
(b) Flexible interconnections, if needed;
tween insulated portions of a liquid level indicating equipment
(c) Primary indicator panel assembly;
and between insulated portions of a liquid level indicating
(d) Auxiliary indicator panel assembly, when required; and
equipment and ground when a specified dc voltage is applied
(e) Portable indicator panel assembly, when required.
under specified conditions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.3 output—electrical or numerical quantity, produced by
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
a liquid level indicating sensor or measurement system, that is
only. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated in
a function of the applied measurand.
SI units.
3.1.4 pressure cycling—the specified minimum number of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specified periodic pressure changes over which a liquid level
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
indicating sensor will operate and meet the specified perfor-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mance.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 3.1.5 process medium—the measured fluid (measurand) that
1.5 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications comes in contact with the sensing element.
are included in the Supplement to this standard.
3.1.6 repeatability—ability of a liquid level indicating
equipment to reproduce output readings when the same mea-
2. Referenced Documents
surand value is applied to it consecutively, under the same
2.1 ASTM Standards: conditions, and in the same direction.
D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
3.1.7 response—the measured output of a liquid level indi-
cating sensor to a specified change in measurand.
3.1.8 signal conditioner—an electronic device that makes
the output signal from a sensor element compatible with a
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
readout system.
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 on
3.1.9 wetted parts—liquid level indicating equipment com-
Electrical.
ponents with at least one surface in direct contact with the
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originally
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F2044 – 09. DOI:
process medium.
10.1520/F2044-09R13.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F2044−09 (2013)
4. Designation thesensingdeviceandproduceanelectricalsignalproportional
to the level of the measured fluid in the tank.
4.1 Designation—Most liquid level indicating equipment
4.2.1.8 Radar—The radar technique uses a high frequency
manufacturers use designations or systematic numbering or
electromagnetic wave transmitted through the air, including
identifying codes.
guided inside a hollow tube, to determine the level of the
4.2 Design—Liquid level indicating equipment typically
measured liquid(s) by detecting changes in and/or timing the
consist of a sensing device that may or may not be in contact
reflected energy.
with the process medium, a transduction element that modifies
4.2.1.9 Ultrasonic—The ultrasonic technique uses high fre-
the signal from the sensing device to produce an electrical
quency sonic waves transmitted either through the air or in the
output,andanindicatorpanelassemblytoshowthelevelofthe
liquid to be measured, to determine the measured liquid(s)
mediumbeingmeasured.Somepartsofthesensingdevicemay
level by detecting changes in and/or timing the reflected
behermeticallysealedifthosepartsaresensitivetoandmaybe
energy.
exposed to moisture. The output cable must be securely
4.3 Process Medium—The following are the most common
fastened to the body of the sensing device.Avariety of sensing
types of process media. The first column identifies fluids that
devices is used in liquid level indicating equipment. In the
are measured in the tank. The second column identifies the
most common types of devices, sensing techniques such as
liquid or gas that interfaces with the measured fluid.
admittance/impedance, magnetic float, static pressure, differ-
Fluid Liquid or Gas
ential pressure, time domain reflectometry, radar, capacitive,
resistance tape-type and ultrasonic are used. The function of
Contaminated fuel air
Contaminated oil compressed air
the sensing device is to produce a measurable response to the
Fuel (diesel fuel, cargo fuel, gasoline) compressed gas
admittance, impedance, differential pressure, reflected energy,
Freshwater, potable water, feed water Water
capacitance, or resistance of the fluid being measured. The
Hydraulic oil steam
JP-5, JP fuels seawater
following is a brief introduction to the major level sensing
Lubricating oil wastewater
technology design categories.
Refrigerants
4.2.1 Sensing Techniques—The sensing device typically Synthetic oil
Seawater
doesnotuseanypartofthetankstructureaspartofthesensing
Turbine oil
device.
Waste oil
Wastewater, sanitary waste
4.2.1.1 Admittance and Impedance—The admittance and
impedance sensing technique uses the apparent resistance to 4.4 Pressure Range—The liquid level indicating equipment
the current flow of an alternating current in the sensing device must be able to withstand the expected fluid pressures in the
circuitoritsreciprocalwithrespecttothelevelofthemeasured tank. Pressure range specification must take into account
fluid in the tank. expectedpressurestobeencounteredindifferingtanksizesand
fluid types for a particular sensor type.
4.2.1.2 Magnetic Float—The magnetic float sensing tech-
nique uses a float with embedded magnets to change the circuit
4.5 Display—The display for liquid level indication is
status of the sensing device and produce an electrical signal
typically specified as analog, digital, or both.
proportional to the float’s position with respect to the level of
5. Ordering Information
the measured fluid in the tank.
4.2.1.3 Differential Pressure—The differential pressure-
5.1 The purchaser shall provide the manufacturer with all of
sensing technique uses the pressure difference regardless of the
the pertinent application data shown in accordance with 5.2.If
ambient pressure to change the circuit status of the sensing
special application operating conditions exist that are not
deviceandproduceanelectricalsignalproportionaltothelevel
shown in the acquisition requirements, they shall also be
of the measured fluid in the tank.
described.
4.2.1.4 Time Domain Reflectometry—The time domain re-
5.2 Acquisition Requirements—Acquisition documents
flectometry sensing technique uses a high frequency electro-
must specify the following:
magnetic wave transmitted along a transmission line, wire,
(a) Title, number, and date of this specification;
cable,orrodtodeterminethelevelofthemeasuredliquid(s)by
(b) Manufacturer’s part number;
detecting changes in and timing the reflected energy.
(c) Sensing technique;
4.2.1.5 Capacitive—The capacitive-sensing technique uses
(d) Application;
the change in capacitance of the sensing device to produce an
(e) Pressure range;
electrical signal proportional to the level of the measured fluid
(f) Display requirements (see 4.5) and indication range;
in the tank.
(g) Indicator panel assembly mounting method;
4.2.1.6 Resistance Tape—The resistance-tape-type sensing
(h) Indicator panel assembly requirements;
technique uses the change in circuit resistance in the sensing
(i) System operating characteristics;
device to produce an electrical signal proportional to the level
(j) Materials;
of the measured fluid in the tank.
(k) Environmental requirements;
4.2.1.7 Static Pressure—Thestaticheadtechniquemeasures (l) Quantity of liquid level indicating equipment required;
the static (head) pressure caused by the measured liquid (m) Size and weight restrictions (see 7.5);
relative to the ambient pressure to change the circuit status of (n) Critical service life requirements (see 8.1);
F2044−09 (2013)
(o) Performance requirements (see 8.2); (e) Insulation resistance
(p) Special surface finish requirements (see 9.1); (f) Specific gravity
(q) When certification is required (see Section 13); (g) Fluid conductivity
(r) Special marking requirements (see Section 14); (h) Tank wall proximity
(s) Special packaging or package marking requirements (i) Inclination
(see Section 15); (j) Spike voltage
(t) When ISO 9001 quality assurance system is not re- (k) Salt spray
quired (see 16.1); and (l) Pressure
(u) Special warranty requirements (see 16.2). (m) Vibration
(n) Shock
6. Materials and Manufacture
(o) Enclosure
(p) dc magnetic field
6.1 Sensing Devices—The materials for the sensing devices
(q) Electromagnetic interference (EMI)
and wetted pans shall be selected for long-term compatibility
(r) Immersion
(see 8.1) with the process medium (see 4.3).
(s) Supply line voltage and frequency variation
6.2 Material Inspection—The manufacturer shall be respon-
sible for ensuring that materials used are manufactured,
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
examined, and tested in accordance with the specifications and
9.1 Finish and Appearance—Any special surface finish and
standards as applicable.
appearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
requirements (see 5.2).
7. Physical Properties
7.1 Enclosure—Unique or special enclosure requirements
10. Inspection
shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).
10.1 Classification of Inspections—The inspection require-
7.2 Liquid Level Indicating Equipment Mounting—Liquid
ments specified herein are classified as follows:
level indicating equipment is commonly mounted using brack-
(a) First article tests (see 10.2) and
ets or similar hardware.
(b) Conformance tests (see 10.3).
7.3 External Configuration—The outline drawing shall
10.2 First Article Tests—First article test requirements shall
show the configuration with dimensions in SI units (inch-
bespecified,whereapplicable.Firstarticletestmethodsshould
pound units). The outline drawing shall include limiting
be identified for each design and performance characteristic
dimensions for electrical connections if required. The outline
specified. Test report documentation requirements should also
drawing shall indicate the mounting method with hole size,
be specified.
center location, and other pertinent dimensions. Where
threadedholesareused,threadspecificationsshallbeprovided. 10.3 Conformance Tests—Conformance testing is accom-
plished when first article tests were satisfied by a previous
7.4 Electrical Connection—Electrical flexible interconnec-
acquisition or the product has demonstrated reliability in
tions shall be provided with each liquid level indicating sensor
similar applications. Conformance tests are usually less inten-
as specified in the contract (see 5.1).
sive than first article tests, often verifying that samples of a
7.5 Size and Weight—The user may have intended applica-
production lot meet a few critical performance requirements.
tions in which size and weight are limited. Size and weight
restrictions shall be specified in the acquisition requirements
11. Number of Tests and Retests
(see 5.2).
11.1 Test Specimen—The number of test specimens to be
subjected to first article tests shall be specified and should
8. Performance Requirements
depend on the liquid level indicating equipment design.
8.1 Service Life—The user may have a minimum specified
Generally, one liquid level indicating equipment of each type
service life requirement that may be critical. Critical service
(that is, sensing technique, application, pressure range, display,
life requirements shall be specified in the acquisition require-
and indication range) shall be subjected to first article testing.
ments (see 5.2).
8.2 Liquid Level Indicating Equipment Performance
12. Test Data
—Performance tolerances are usually specified in percent of
12.1 Test Data—Test data shall remain on file at the manu-
indicator full scale. Critical performance requirements shall be
facturer’s facility for review by the buyer upon request. It is
specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). The follow-
recommended that test data be retained in the manufacturer’s
ing performance characteristics and environmental exposures
filesforatleastthreeyearsoraperiodoftimeacceptabletothe
may or may not be important to each user’s intended applica-
buyer and manufacturer.
tion.
(a) Accuracy
13. Certification
(b) Response time
(c) Repeatability 13.1 When specified in the acquisition requirements (see
(d) Hysteresis 5.2), the buyer shall be furnished certification that samples
F2044−09 (2013)
representing each lot have been either tested or inspected as 15.2 Any special packaging or package marking re
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