ASTM F2044-09(2019)e1
(Specification)Standard Specification for Liquid Level Indicating Equipment, Electrical
Standard Specification for Liquid Level Indicating Equipment, Electrical
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for electrical liquid level indicating equipment for shipboard low pressure and high pressure tanks containing freshwater, feed water, potable water, seawater, wastewater, diesel fuel, lubricating oil, contaminated oil, refrigerants, JP fuels, and various other fluids. Application includes compensating tanks in which the equipment must locate the interface. Each liquid level indicating equipment shall consists of one or more sensing devices; primary indicator panel assembly; and flexible interconnections, auxiliary indicator panel assembly, and portable indicator panel assembly, when needed or required. The level sensing techniques include: admittance and impedance, magnetic float, differential pressure, time domain reflectometry, capacitance, resistance tape, static pressure, radar, and ultrasonic sensing. The most common types of process media and the specified pressure range and display for liquid level indication are given. Materials for the sensing devices and wetted pans shall be selected for long-term compatibility with the process medium. Physical property requirements include: (1) enclosure, (2) liquid level indicating equipment mounting, (3) external configuration, (4) electrical connection, and (5) size and weight. Critical service life and performance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition requirements. The following performance characteristics and environmental exposures may or may not be important to the intended application: accuracy, response time, repeatability, hysteresis, insulation resistance, specific gravity, fluid conductivity, tank wall proximity, inclination, spike voltage, salt spray, vibration, shock enclosure, dc magnetic field, electromagnetic interference, immersion, and supply line voltage and frequency variation. Inspection requirements specified are classified as (1) first article test and (2) conformance test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrical liquid level indicating equipment for shipboard low pressure and high pressure tanks containing freshwater, feed water, potable water, seawater, wastewater, diesel fuel, lubricating oil, contaminated oil, refrigerants, JP fuels, and various other fluids. Application includes compensating tanks in which the equipment must locate the interface.
1.2 Each liquid level indicating equipment typically consists of the following components:
(a) One or more sensing devices;
(b) Flexible interconnections, if needed;
(c) Primary indicator panel assembly;
(d) Auxiliary indicator panel assembly, when required; and
(e) Portable indicator panel assembly, when required.
1.3 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications are included in the Supplementary Requirements section to this specification.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. Where information is to be specified, it shall be stated in SI units.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: F2044 −09 (Reapproved 2019) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Liquid Level Indicating Equipment, Electrical
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2044; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—Reapproved with editorial changes to the Supplementary Requirements section in March 2019.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrical 2.1 ASTM Standards:
liquid level indicating equipment for shipboard low pressure D3951 Practice for Commercial Packaging
and high pressure tanks containing freshwater, feed water,
2.2 ISO Standards:
potablewater,seawater,wastewater,dieselfuel,lubricatingoil,
ISO 9001 Quality System—Model for Quality Assurance in
contaminated oil, refrigerants, JP fuels, and various other
Design/Development, Production, Installation, and Ser-
fluids. Application includes compensating tanks in which the
vicing
equipment must locate the interface.
3. Terminology
1.2 Eachliquidlevelindicatingequipmenttypicallyconsists
of the following components:
3.1 Definitions:
(a) One or more sensing devices;
3.1.1 hysteresis, n—maximum difference in output, at any
(b) Flexible interconnections, if needed;
measurand value within the specified range, when the value is
(c) Primary indicator panel assembly;
approached first with increasing and then with decreasing
(d) Auxiliary indicator panel assembly, when required; and
measurand.
(e) Portable indicator panel assembly, when required.
3.1.2 insulation resistance, n—the resistance measured be-
1.3 Special requirements for naval shipboard applications
tween insulated portions of a liquid level indicating equipment
areincludedintheSupplementaryRequirementssectiontothis
and between insulated portions of a liquid level indicating
specification.
equipment and ground when a specified dc voltage is applied
under specified conditions.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only
3.1.3 output, n—electrical or numerical quantity, produced
and are not considered standard. Where information is to be
by a liquid level indicating sensor or measurement system, that
specified, it shall be stated in SI units.
is a function of the applied measurand.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 pressure cycling, n—the specified minimum number
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ofspecifiedperiodicpressurechangesoverwhichaliquidlevel
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
indicating sensor will operate and meet the specified perfor-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mance.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.5 process medium, n—the measured fluid (measurand)
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
that comes in contact with the sensing element.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.6 repeatability, n—ability of a liquid level indicating
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
equipment to reproduce output readings when the same mea-
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
surand value is applied to it consecutively, under the same
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
conditions, and in the same direction.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.10 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Electrical. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved March 1, 2019. Published April 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F2044 – 09 (2013). Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
DOI: 10.1520/F2044-09R19E01. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F2044 − 09 (2019)
3.1.7 response, n—the measured output of a liquid level 4.2.1.5 Capacitive—The capacitive-sensing technique uses
indicating sensor to a specified change in measurand. the change in capacitance of the sensing device to produce an
electrical signal proportional to the level of the measured fluid
3.1.8 signal conditioner, n—an electronic device that makes
in the tank.
the output signal from a sensor element compatible with a
4.2.1.6 Resistance Tape—The resistance-tape-type sensing
readout system.
technique uses the change in circuit resistance in the sensing
3.1.9 wetted parts, n—liquid level indicating equipment device to produce an electrical signal proportional to the level
components with at least one surface in direct contact with the of the measured fluid in the tank.
4.2.1.7 Static Pressure—The static head technique measures
process medium.
the static (head) pressure caused by the measured liquid
relative to the ambient pressure to change the circuit status of
4. Designation
thesensingdeviceandproduceanelectricalsignalproportional
4.1 Designation—Most liquid level indicating equipment
to the level of the measured fluid in the tank.
manufacturers use designations or systematic numbering or
4.2.1.8 Radar—The radar technique uses a high frequency
identifying codes.
electromagnetic wave transmitted through the air, including
guided inside a hollow tube, to determine the level of the
4.2 Design—Liquid level indicating equipment typically
measured liquid(s) by detecting changes in and/or timing the
consist of a sensing device that may or may not be in contact
reflected energy.
with the process medium, a transduction element that modifies
4.2.1.9 Ultrasonic—The ultrasonic technique uses high fre-
the signal from the sensing device to produce an electrical
quency sonic waves transmitted either through the air or in the
output,andanindicatorpanelassemblytoshowthelevelofthe
liquid to be measured, to determine the measured liquid(s)
mediumbeingmeasured.Somepartsofthesensingdevicemay
level by detecting changes in and/or timing the reflected
behermeticallysealedifthosepartsaresensitivetoandmaybe
energy.
exposed to moisture. The output cable must be securely
4.3 Process Medium—The following are the most common
fastened to the body of the sensing device.Avariety of sensing
types of process media. The first column identifies fluids that
devices is used in liquid level indicating equipment. In the
are measured in the tank. The second column identifies the
most common types of devices, sensing techniques such as
liquid or gas that interfaces with the measured fluid.
admittance/impedance, magnetic float, static pressure, differ-
ential pressure, time domain reflectometry, radar, capacitive, Fluid Liquid or Gas
resistance tape-type and ultrasonic are used. The function of
Contaminated fuel air
the sensing device is to produce a measurable response to the
Contaminated oil compressed air
Fuel (diesel fuel, cargo fuel, gasoline) compressed gas
admittance, impedance, differential pressure, reflected energy,
Freshwater, potable water, feed water Water
capacitance, or resistance of the fluid being measured. The
Hydraulic oil steam
following is a brief introduction to the major level sensing
JP-5, JP fuels seawater
Lubricating oil wastewater
technology design categories.
Refrigerants
4.2.1 Sensing Techniques—The sensing device typically
Synthetic oil
Seawater
doesnotuseanypartofthetankstructureaspartofthesensing
Turbine oil
device.
Waste oil
4.2.1.1 Admittance and Impedance—The admittance and Wastewater, sanitary waste
impedance sensing technique uses the apparent resistance to
4.4 Pressure Range—The liquid level indicating equipment
the current flow of an alternating current in the sensing device
must be able to withstand the expected fluid pressures in the
circuitoritsreciprocalwithrespecttothelevelofthemeasured
tank. Pressure range specification must take into account
fluid in the tank.
expectedpressurestobeencounteredindifferingtanksizesand
fluid types for a particular sensor type.
4.2.1.2 Magnetic Float—The magnetic float sensing tech-
nique uses a float with embedded magnets to change the circuit
4.5 Display—The display for liquid level indication is
status of the sensing device and produce an electrical signal
typically specified as analog, digital, or both.
proportional to the float’s position with respect to the level of
5. Ordering Information
the measured fluid in the tank.
4.2.1.3 Differential Pressure—The differential pressure- 5.1 The purchaser shall provide the manufacturer with all of
the pertinent application data shown in accordance with 5.2.If
sensing technique uses the pressure difference regardless of the
ambient pressure to change the circuit status of the sensing special application operating conditions exist that are not
shown in the acquisition requirements, they shall also be
deviceandproduceanelectricalsignalproportionaltothelevel
described.
of the measured fluid in the tank.
4.2.1.4 Time Domain Reflectometry—The time domain re-
5.2 Acquisition Requirements—Acquisition documents
flectometry sensing technique uses a high frequency electro-
must specify the following:
magnetic wave transmitted along a transmission line, wire, (a) Title, number, and date of this specification;
cable,orrodtodeterminethelevelofthemeasuredliquid(s)by
(b) Manufacturer’s part number;
detecting changes in and timing the reflected energy. (c) Sensing technique;
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F2044 − 09 (2019)
(d) Application; 8.2 Liquid Level Indicating Equipment Performance—
(e) Pressure range; Performance tolerances are usually specified in percent of
(f) Display requirements (see 4.5) and indication range; indicator full scale. Critical performance requirements shall be
(g) Indicator panel assembly mounting method; specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2). The follow-
(h) Indicator panel assembly requirements;
ing performance characteristics and environmental exposures
(i) System operating characteristics; may or may not be important to each user’s intended applica-
(j) Materials;
tion.
(k) Environmental requirements; (a) Accuracy
(l) Quantity of liquid level indicating equipment required;
(b) Response time
(m) Size and weight restrictions (see 7.5);
(c) Repeatability
(n) Critical service life requirements (see 8.1);
(d) Hysteresis
(o) Performance requirements (see 8.2);
(e) Insulation resistance
(p) Special surface finish requirements (see 9.1);
(f) Specific gravity
(q) When certification is required (see Section 13);
(g) Fluid conductivity
(r) Special marking requirements (see Section 14);
(h) Tank wall proximity
(s) Special packaging or package marking requirements
(i) Inclination
(see Section 15);
(j) Spike voltage
(t) When ISO 9001 quality assurance system is not re-
(k) Salt spray
quired (see 16.1); and
(l) Pressure
(u) Special warranty requirements (see 16.2).
(m) Vibration
(n) Shock
6. Materials and Manufacture
(o) Enclosure
(p) dc magnetic field
6.1 Sensing Devices—The materials for the sensing devices
(q) Electromagnetic interference (EMI)
and wetted pans shall be selected for long-term compatibility
(r) Immersion
(see 8.1) with the process medium (see 4.3).
(s) Supply line voltage and frequency variation
6.2 Material Inspection—The manufacturer shall be respon-
sible for ensuring that materials used are manufactured,
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
examined, and tested in accordance with the specifications and
9.1 Finish and Appearance—Any special surface finish and
standards as applicable.
appearance requirements shall be specified in the acquisition
requirements (see 5.2).
7. Physical Properties
7.1 Enclosure—Unique or special enclosure requirements
10. Inspection
shall be specified in the acquisition requirements (see 5.2).
10.1 Classification of Inspections—The inspection require-
7.2 Liquid Level Indicating Equipment Mounting—Liquid
ments specified herein are classified as follows:
level indicating equipment is commonly mounted using brack-
(a) First article tests (see 10.2), and
ets or similar hardware.
(b) Conformance tests (see 10.3).
7.3 External Configuration—The outline drawing shall
show the configuration with dimensions in SI units (inch- 10.2 First Article Tests—First article test requirements shall
pound units). The outline drawing shall include limiting bespecified,whereapplicable.Firstarticletestmethodsshould
dimensions for electrical connections if required. The outline be identified for each design and performance characteristic
specified. Test report documentation requirements should also
drawing shall indicate the mounting method with hole size,
center location, and other pertinent dimensions. Where be specified.
threadedholesareused,threadspecificationsshallbeprovided.
10.3 Conformance Tests—Conformance testing is accom-
7.4 Electrical Connection—Electrical flexible interconnec-
plished when first article tests were satisfied by a previous
tions shall be provided with each liquid level indicating sensor
acquisition or the product has demonstrated reliability in
as specified in the contract (see 5.1).
similar applications. Conformance tests are usually less inten-
sive than first article tests, often verifying that samples of a
7.5 Size and Weight—The user may have intended applica-
production lot meet a few critical performance requirements.
tions in which size and weight are limited. Size and weight
restrictions shall be specified in the acquisition requirements
11. Number of Tests and Retests
(see 5.2).
11.1 Test Specimen—The number of test specimens to be
8. Performance Requirements
subjected to first article tests shall be specified and should
8.1 Service Life—The user may have a minimum specified depend on the liquid level indicating equipment design.
service life requirement that may be critical. Critical service Generally, one liquid level indicating equipment of each type
life requirements shall be specified in the acquisition require- (that is, sensing technique, application, pressure range
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