iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM D501-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents

Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents. These detergents include caustic soda, soda ash, modified soda (sequicarbonate type), sodium bicarbonate, sodium metasilicate, trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, borax, and sodium triphosphate. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following properties of the detergents: total alkalinity, matter insoluble in water content, apparent density, ignition loss, pH level, turbidity, temperature rise, and particle size. Chemical analysis of the samples shall be performed by using either reverse-flow ion-exchange chromatography or paper chromatography.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:SectionsCaustic Soda:Sampling Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)Carbon Dioxide (CO2) by the Evolution Method Soda Ash:Sampling Matter Volatile at 150 to 155C Total Alkalinity as Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) by Potentiometric TitrationMatter Insoluble in WaterApparent Density Modified Soda (Sequicarbonate Type):Sampling Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and Sodium Carbonate (Na 2CO3)Matter Insoluble in Water Sodium Bicarbonate:Sampling Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate, and Free MoistureMatter Insoluble in WaterSodium Metasilicate, Sodium Sesquisilicate and Sodium Orthosil- icate:Sampling Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O) Total Silica as SiO2Sodium Metasilicate (Na2SiO35H 2O)Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na2O2SiO211H 2O) Matter Insoluble in WaterLoss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na2O2SiO 2 11H2O)Sodium Orthosilicate (Na4SiO4)Trisodium Phosphate:Sampling Trisodium Phosphate (Na3PO4) Content and Phosphorus Pentoxide (P2O5)Trisodium Phosphate Calculated as Na3PO412H 2O, Na3PO4 H2O, Na3PO4, and as P2O5Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O) Matter Insoluble in Water Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate:Sampling Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate(Na4P 2O7)Matter Insoluble in WaterLoss on Ignition Borax:Sampling Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity Matter Insoluble in Water Sodium Triphosphate:Sampling Tritratable Na2O Total P2O5:Preferred Method Alternative Method pH Titration Quantitative Separation and Measurement of Various Phosphates:Reverse-Flow Ion-Exchange Chromatography (Preferred Method)Paper Chromatographic MethodpH of 1 percent Solution Turbidity Temperature Rise Sulfate Ignition Loss Matter Insoluble in Water Particle SizeOrthophosphate
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to useMaterial Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2003
ICS
71.100.40 - Surface active agents
Technical Committee
D12 - Soaps and Other Detergents
Drafting Committee
D12.12 - Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their Components
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D501-89(1998) - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents (Withdrawn 2001)
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Replaced By
ASTM D501-03(2009) - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM D1172-15 - Standard Guide for pH of Aqueous Solutions of Soaps and Detergents
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM D3585-08(2020) - Standard Specification for ASTM Reference Fluid for Coolant Tests
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM D928-03(2017) - Standard Specification for Sodium Bicarbonate
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM D502-89(2023) - Standard Test Method for Particle Size of Soaps and Other Detergents
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM D3598-89(2016) - Standard Test Method for Citrate in Synthetic Detergents
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003

Buy Standard

ASTM D501-03 - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline DetergentsASTM D501-03 - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM D501-03 - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents
English language
26 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D501 – 03
Standard Test Methods of
1
Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
Sections
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate:
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling
Sampling 74
and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents.
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate
(Na P O ) 75-79
4 2 7
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
Matter Insoluble in Water 80 and 81
Sections
Loss on Ignition 82 and 83
Caustic Soda:
Borax:
Sampling 5
Sampling 84
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 6-8
2
Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity 85-87
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) 9-11
Matter Insoluble in Water 88 and 89
Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 12
2 3 Sodium Triphosphate:
Carbon Dioxide (CO ) by the Evolution Method 13-16
2
Sampling 90
Soda Ash:
Tritratable Na O 91-94
2
Sampling 17
Total P O :
2 5
Matter Volatile at 150 to 155°C 18 and 19
Preferred Method 95-97
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 20-22
2 3
Alternative Method 98-101
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) 23-25
3
pH Titration 102-107
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) by Potentiometric Titration 26-28
3 Quantitative Separation and Measurement of Various Phosphates:
Matter Insoluble in Water 29 and 30
Reverse-Flow Ion-Exchange Chromatography (Preferred
Apparent Density 31 and 32
Method) 108-119
Modified Soda (Sequicarbonate Type):
Paper Chromatographic Method 120-127
Sampling 33
pH of 1 percent Solution 128
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 34-36
2
Turbidity 129
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO ) and Sodium Carbonate (Na CO ) 37-39
3 2 3
Temperature Rise 130-134
Matter Insoluble in Water 40
Sulfate 135-137
Sodium Bicarbonate:
Ignition Loss 140 and
Sampling 41
141
Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate, and Free Moisture 42-45
Matter Insoluble in Water 142-144
Matter Insoluble in Water 46
Particle Size 145
Sodium Metasilicate, Sodium Sesquisilicate and Sodium Orthosil-
Orthophosphate 146-151
icate:
Sampling 47
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 48-50
2
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Total Silica as SiO 51-53
2
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Sodium Metasilicate (Na SiO ·5H O) 54
2 3 2
Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na O·2SiO ·11H O) 55
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
2 2 2
Matter Insoluble in Water 56 and 57
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety
Loss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na O·2SiO ·11H O) 58 and 59
2 2 2
Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review
Sodium Orthosilicate (Na SiO ) 60
4 4
Trisodium Phosphate:
them for hazards prior to usage.
Sampling 61
Trisodium Phosphate (Na PO ) Content and Phosphorus
3 4
2. Referenced Documents
Pentoxide (P O ) 62-64
2 5
2
Trisodium Phosphate Calculated as Na PO ·12H O, Na PO ·
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3 4 2 3 4
H O, Na PO , and as P O 65-68
2 3 4 2 5
D459 Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other Detergents
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na O) 69-71
2
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Matter Insoluble in Water 72 and 73
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
1
Glass Electrode
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on
Soaps and Other Detergents and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D12.12 on Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their
Components.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. Originally
contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
approved in 1938. Discontinued August 2001 and reinstated as D501–03. Last
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
previous edition approved in 1989 as D501–89 (1998). DOI: 10.1520/D0501-03.
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D501 – 03
3. Terminology tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
3
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
3.1 Definitions:
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
3.1.1 inorganic alkaline detergent—a water soluble inor-
suffici
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM D4009-92(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Foam Stability of Hand Dishwashing Detergents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The guide, as now constituted, is not suitable for ranking of hand dishwashing products, since no basis is available at this time for correlation of the foam stability of these products using any particular food soil or combination of soils with consumers' ranking of performance.  
3.2 The relative foam stability ranking of hand dishwashing detergent products will vary greatly depending on the type of food soils used in the test. Therefore, selection of the standard food soil to be used in a test shall be made by agreement between the interested parties on the basis of experience.  
3.3 This laboratory screening guide includes flexibility in several areas so as to allow its use by the maximum number of laboratories, without purchase of significant additional equipment. It should be recognized, therefore, that differences in specific equipment may result in a reduced level of interlaboratory and inter-operator precision, and such results must be evaluated with caution.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidelines for several techniques of measuring the foam stability of light-duty hand dishwashing detergent products in the presence of artificially applied test-food soils. It is intended as a laboratory screening test to aid in the formulation of products, for quality control and as a basis between the formulator and supplier in standardizing foam stability of the detergents.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D500-95(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods of Chemical Analysis of Sulfonated and Sulfated Oils

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover the chemical analysis of sulfonated and sulfated oils. Water by distillation with volatile solvent and moisture and volatile matter by hot-plate shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. Titration test, extraction-titration test, and ash-gravimetric test shall be performed to meet the requirements specified. Total desulfated fatty matter, total active ingredients, unsaponifiable non-volatile matter, inorganic salts, total alkalinity, and total ammonia shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. In the absence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps test method, brine test method, and in the presence of ammonium or triethanolamine soaps test method shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. Water-immiscible organic solvents volatile with steam shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of sulfonated and sulfated oils. The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Section  
Moisture:  
Test Method A. Water by Distillation with Volatile Solvent  
4 – 9  
Test Method B. Moisture and Volatile Matter by Hot-Plate Method  
10 – 14  
Organically Combined Sulfuric Anhydride:  
Test Method A. Titration Test  
15 – 19  
Test Method B. Extraction-Titration Test  
20 – 24  
Test Method C. Ash-Gravimetric Test (in the Presence of True
Sulfonates)  
25 – 28  
Total Desulfated Fatty Matter  
29 – 32  
Total Active Ingredients  
33 – 36  
Unsaponifiable Nonvolatile Matter  
37 – 41  
Inorganic Salts  
42 – 46  
Total Alkalinity  
47 – 49  
Total Ammonia  
50 – 52  
Acidity as Free Fatty Acids or Acid Number:  
Test Method A. In the Absence of Ammonium or Triethanolamine Soaps  
53 – 56  
Test Method B. In the Presence of Dark Colored Oils but in the
Absence of Ammonium or Triethanolamine Soaps (Brine Test)  
57 – 60  
Test Method C. In the Presence of Ammonium or Triethanolamine Soaps  
61 – 63  
Water-Immiscible Organic Solvents Volatile with Steam  
64 – 70  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D502-89(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Particle Size of Soaps and Other Detergents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method assures that the particle size of soaps and detergents conforms to specifications having to do with density and packaging, among others. It also offers a means of controlling the amount of potentially hazardous very low particle size material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particle size of soaps and other detergents by hand sieving and machine sieving methods.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D501-03(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Alkaline Detergents

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents. These detergents include caustic soda, soda ash, modified soda (sequicarbonate type), sodium bicarbonate, sodium metasilicate, trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate, borax, and sodium triphosphate. Different tests shall be conducted in order to determine the following properties of the detergents: total alkalinity, matter insoluble in water content, apparent density, ignition loss, pH level, turbidity, temperature rise, and particle size. Chemical analysis of the samples shall be performed by using either reverse-flow ion-exchange chromatography or paper chromatography.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and chemical analysis of inorganic alkaline detergents.  
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Caustic Soda:  
Sampling  
5  
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
6 – 8  
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)  
9 – 11  
Carbonate as Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)  
12  
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) by the Evolution Method  
13 – 16  
Soda Ash:  
Sampling  
17  
Matter Volatile at 150 °C to 155 °C  
18 and 19  
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3 )  
20 – 22  
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3)  
23 – 25  
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) by Potentiometric Titration  
26 – 28  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
29 and 30  
Apparent Density  
31 and 32  
Modified Soda (Sequicarbonate Type):  
Sampling  
33  
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
34 – 36  
Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)  
37 – 39  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
40  
Sodium Bicarbonate:  
Sampling  
41  
Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate, and Free Moisture  
42 – 45  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
46  
Sodium Metasilicate, Sodium Sesquisilicate and Sodium Orthosil- icate:  
Sampling  
47  
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
48 – 50  
Total Silica as SiO2  
51 – 53  
Sodium Metasilicate (Na2SiO3·5H2O)  
54  
Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na2O·2SiO2·11H2O)  
55  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
56 and 57  
Loss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na2O·2SiO2 ·11H2O)  
58 and 59  
Sodium Orthosilicate (Na4SiO4)  
60  
Trisodium Phosphate:  
Sampling  
61  
Trisodium Phosphate (Na3PO4) Content and Phosphorus Pentoxide (P2O5)  
62 – 64  
Trisodium Phosphate Calculated as Na3PO4·12H2O, Na3PO4· H2O, Na3PO4, and as P2O5  
65 – 68  
Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
69 – 71  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
72 and 73  
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate:  
Sampling  
74  
Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate
(Na4P2O7)  
75 – 79  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
80 and 81  
Loss on Ignition  
82 and 83  
Borax:  
Sampling  
84  
Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity  
85 – 87  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
88 and 89  
Sodium Triphosphate:  
Sampling  
90  
Tritratable Na2O  
91 – 94  
Total P2O5:  
Preferred Method  
95 – 97  
Alternative Method  
98 – 101  
pH Titration  
102 – 107  
Quantitative Separation and Measurement of Various Phosphates:  
Reverse-Flow Ion-Exchange Chromatography (Preferred Method)  
108 – 119  
Paper Chromatographic Method  
120 – 127  
pH of 1 percent Solution  
128  
Turbidity  
129  
Temperature Rise  
130 – 134  
Sulfate  
135 – 137  
Ignition Loss  
140 and 141  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
142 – 144  
Particle Size  
145  
Orthophosphate  
146 – 151  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of th...

  • Standard
    27 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D1570-95(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Fatty Alkyl Sulfates

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of paste, powder, or liquid detergent fatty alkyl sulfates. The different procedure for sampling and chemical analysis of past, powder, or liquid detergent are presented and discussed in details. Distillation test, titration test, and gravimetric test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. The calculations methods for chlorides as sodium chloride are presented in details.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of paste, powder, or liquid detergent fatty alkyl sulfates.  
1.2 The procedures for sampling and analysis appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Sampling:  
Powders and Flakes Packed in Cans or Cartons  
4  
Powders and Flakes in Bulk  
5  
Liquids  
6  
Pastes  
7  
Preparation of Sample  
8  
Moisture by the Distillation Test Method  
11 – 14  
pH  
15  
Alkalinity  
16 – 19  
Alcohol-Soluble Matter  
20 – 22  
Alcohol-Insoluble Matter  
23 and 24  
Unsulfated Material  
25 – 28  
Combined Alcohols  
29 – 32  
Ester SO3:  
Method A. Titration Test Method  
36 and 37    
Sections  
Ester SO3:  
Method B. Gravimetric Test Method  
38 and 39  
Sodium Sulfate  
40 – 43  
Chlorides Calculated as Sodium Chloride (NaCl)  
44 – 47  
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2024-09(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The cloud point temperature is a reproducible characteristic of certain  pure  nonionic surfactants. It is also characteristic of certain nonionic surfactant formulated systems. This test method is appropriate for both systems.
Note 1: If the transition from a distinctly cloudy to a clear solution is not sharp, that is, if it does not take place within a range of 1 °C, this test method is not appropriate.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure to determine the “cloud point” of nonionic surfactants or detergent systems. Cloud Point is the temperature at which dissolved components (solids or liquids) are no longer completely soluble, precipating as a second phase giving the fluid a cloudy appearance. It is limited to those surfactants and detergent systems for which the visible solubility change occurs over a range of 1 °C or less at concentrations of 0.5 % to 1.0 % in DI water between 30 °C and 95 °C.  
1.2 Chemical Limitations—Nonionic surfactants that exhibit a characteristic cloud point in general terms consist of a water-in-soluble moiety condensed with 50 % to 75 % by weight of ethylene oxide. If the level of ethoxylation is too low the surfactant may not be water soluble at temperatures less than 30 °C, and if it is too high no cloud point may exist.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    2 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D820-93(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic Detergents

ABSTRACT
These test methods detail the standard procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents. The analytical procedures include the determination of the following chemical properties and substances: moisture and other matter volatile at a specified temperature; free alkali or free acid; anhydrous, salt-free soda soap; alcohol-soluble matter; matter insoluble in water; total alkalinity of matter insoluble in alcohol (alkaline salts); sodium silicate; phosphates; phosphates by colorimetric method using molybdenum blue); unsaponified and unsaponifiable matter; free fatty matter; chlorides in alcohol-soluble matter; rosin by McNicoll method; synthetic detergent by difference; and neutral inorganic salts.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents.  
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Moisture and Other Matter Volatile at 105°C (Oven Method)  
5 and 6  
Free Alkali or Free Acid  
7 and 8  
Anhydrous, Salt-Free, Soda Soap  
9 – 12  
Alcohol-Soluble Matter  
13 and 14  
Matter Insoluble in Water  
15 and 15  
Total Alkalinity of Matter Insoluble in Alcohol (Alkaline Salts)  
16 and 17  
Sodium Silicate  
18 – 20  
Phosphates  
21 – 28  
Phosphate (Colorimetric Method Using Molybdenum Blue)  
29 – 34  
Unsaponified and Unsaponifiable Matter  
35 – 39  
Free Fatty Matter  
40  
Chlorides in Alcohol-Soluble Matter  
41 – 43  
Rosin (McNicoll Method)  
44 – 47  
Synthetic Detergent (by Difference)  
48  
Neutral, Inorganic Salts  
49  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    10 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D1173-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Foaming Properties of Surface-Active Agents

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of foaming properties of surface-active agents. Glass tubing apparatus for this test method shall include pipet and a receiver. Apparatus requirements like dimensions, shape, calibration marks, rubber stoppers, etc., shall conform to the specifications as indicated in this standard method. Test solution preparation shall include water preheating, adding the surface-active agent while stirring, and solution aging. Test procedure for foaming properties determination shall be done while surface-active solution is aging as indicated in this standard test method. Report shall include test solution concentration, temperature, water hardness, and foam height.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the foaming properties of surface-active agents as defined in Terminology D459. This test method is applicable under limited and controlled conditions, but does not necessarily yield information correlating with specific end uses. This method is subjected to the operator of the method as the foam heights are not always level and an average height is determined by the user so it is more of a qualitative measurement in these instances. However, for foam measurements results taken on more flat uniform samples this method has more of a quantitative quality.  
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D4265-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Evaluating Stain Removal Performance in Home Laundering

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This guide suggests a number of staining agents that are representative of stains commonly encountered in household laundry. The assessment need not be limited to this suggested list of stains, especially if special product types or end uses are being evaluated. This guide can be used to compare stain removal performance of products; however, there is no confirmed basis for correlation of this controlled laboratory technique with consumers’ ranking of stain removal performance.  
5.2 The evaluations generated by this guide should be regarded as diagnostic screening tests that are useful in formulation studies, quality control, and ingredient raw material qualification. This guide provides considerable flexibility in choosing specific stains, washing conditions, and laboratory equipment appropriate to the objective of the evaluation. This procedural latitude may result in a reduced level of interlaboratory precision and such comparison of results must be evaluated with caution.  
5.3 The procedure is applicable to all types of home laundry products including detergents, presoak and prespotter products, bleaches, and detergent boosters and is expected to be applicable to horizontal and vertical axis machines.  
5.4 It is not intended for the evaluation of products or conditions normally associated with commercial laundering or dry cleaning establishments.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a guide for evaluating stain removal performance of home laundry products or home laundering conditions. It provides guidance for the selection, preparation, application, and examination of various types of stains on test fabrics that are subjected to controlled but practical stain removal treatment conditions.  
1.2 There is no single combination of stain and fabric that will predict the overall performance of a product or treatment method. A single test, even with a variety of stains/fabrics, can only predict how products or treatment methods compare under the particular conditions chosen for evaluations. A series of assessments is necessary to evaluate the many aspects of stain removal performance and to simulate consumer experience more closely.  
1.3 In this guide, the use of both traditional top-loader washing machines as well as front and top-loading high-efficiency washers is addressed.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D4008-19(Guide)
Standard Guide for Measuring Anti-Soil Deposition Properties of Laundry Detergents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The guide can be used to compare anti-redeposition performance of products; however, there is no confirmed basis for correlation of this controlled laboratory technique with consumers’ ranking of anti-redeposition performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides direction for measuring the ability of detergents to prevent the deposition of soils from detergent solutions onto fabrics. It is intended as a laboratory screening test to aid in the formulation of detergent products, for quality control, and as a basis between the purchaser and seller in standardizing specific products' performance.  
1.2 The anti-soil deposition performance of detergent products will vary greatly depending on the type of soils and fabrics used in the test. Therefore, selection of the soils, fabrics, reference detergents, and test conditions shall be made by agreement between the interested parties on the basis of experience.  
1.3 There is no single or combination of oily soils or particulate soils, or both, that will precisely predict overall the performance of a product or treatment with respect to anti-redeposition as perceived by a consumer. This guide is intended to assess or compare detergent performance with respect to the anti-redeposition performance for the specific soil chosen.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material safety data sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off