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ASTM F3094-14

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining Protection Provided by X-ray Shielding Garments Used in Medical X-ray Fluoroscopy from Sources of Scattered X-Rays

Standard Test Method for Determining Protection Provided by X-ray Shielding Garments Used in Medical X-ray Fluoroscopy from Sources of Scattered X-Rays

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to provide a standardized procedure to ensure comparable results between manufacturers, testing laboratories, and users.  
5.2 This test method attempts to realistically quantify the radiation protection provided by radiation protective garments under real world conditions for workers primarily exposed to scattered radiation in medical fluoroscopy work.  
5.3 This test method is designed to simulate exposure conditions to radiation scattered from the body of the patient undergoing fluoroscopy through an angle of 90° from the primary X-ray beam.  
5.4 The test method is designed to include contributions of radiation dose to the wearer from secondary radiation emitted from the shielding material.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method establishes a procedure for measuring the relative reduction in the intensity of X-radiation provided by shielding garments to the human user under conditions simulating actual use.  
1.2 This test method provides a condition simulating X-rays generated between 60 and 130 kV that are scattered through an angle of 90° by a water equivalent material.  
1.3 This test method applies to both leaded and no-leaded radiation protective materials.  
1.4 This test method provides a method for inclusion of secondary radiations generated within the protective material into a more realistic evaluation of radiation protection.  
1.5 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 7.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2014
ICS
13.280 - Radiation protection
Technical Committee
F23 - Personal Protective Clothing and Equipment
Drafting Committee
F23.70 - Radiological Hazards
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM F3094-14 - Standard Test Method for Determining Protection Provided by X-ray Shielding Garments Used in Medical X-ray Fluoroscopy from Sources of Scattered X-RaysASTM F3094-14 - Standard Test Method for Determining Protection Provided by X-ray Shielding Garments Used in Medical X-ray Fluoroscopy from Sources of Scattered X-Rays
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ASTM F3094-14 - Standard Test Method for Determining Protection Provided by X-ray Shielding Garments Used in Medical X-ray Fluoroscopy from Sources of Scattered X-Rays
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F3094 − 14
Standard Test Method for
Determining Protection Provided by X-ray Shielding
Garments Used in Medical X-ray Fluoroscopy from Sources
1
of Scattered X-Rays
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3094; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 IEC Standard:
IEC 61331-1 Ed. 2.0Protective DevicesAgainst Diagnostic
1.1 This test method establishes a procedure for measuring
Medical X-radiation: Part 1 – Determination of Attenua-
the relative reduction in the intensity of X-radiation provided
tion Properties of Materials
by shielding garments to the human user under conditions
simulating actual use.
3. Terminology
1.2 ThistestmethodprovidesaconditionsimulatingX-rays
3.1 Definitions:
generatedbetween60and130kVthatarescatteredthroughan
3.1.1 attenuation, n—for radiological protective material,
angle of 90° by a water equivalent material.
the fractional reduction in the intensity of the X-ray beam
1.3 This test method applies to both leaded and no-leaded
resultingfromtheinteractionsbetweentheX-raybeamandthe
radiation protective materials.
protective material when the X-ray beam passes through the
1.4 This test method provides a method for inclusion of protective material.
secondary radiations generated within the protective material
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Itisimportanttonotethatthemeasure-
into a more realistic evaluation of radiation protection. ment of attenuation (as specified by Test Method F2547)
specifically excludes the contribution of secondary radiation
1.5 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as
from the measurement. The present standard provides a
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
method for incorporating those contributions of radiation dose
standard.
to the wearer of protective garments. (See 3.1.10.)
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 coeffıcient of variation—the ratio of the standard
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
deviation of a sample to the sample mean.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.3 exposure, n—for radiological purposes the amount of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific
ionization charge of one sign produced in a defined volume of
hazards statements are given in Section 7. dry air at standard temperature and pressure, caused by
interaction with X-rays. Exposure is expressed in units of
2. Referenced Documents
coulombs/kg of air in SI units. An older unit called the
-4
2
Roentgen (R) is also used, where1R= 2.58 × 10 C/kg.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1494Terminology Relating to Protective Clothing
3.1.4 fluorescent radiation, n—a form of secondary radia-
F2547Test Method for Determining the Attenuation Prop-
tion following photoelectric collisions between X-rays and
erties in a Primary X-ray Beam of Materials Used to
orbital electrons of heavier elements such as those used in
Protect Against Radiation Generated During the Use of
protectivematerials,whereuponelectronrearrangementsatthe
X-ray Equipment
atomic level result in the emission of one or more fluorescent
photons.
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Measurements to include fluorescent
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF23onPersonal
radiation are important because they may contribute to the
ProtectiveClothingandEquipmentandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
radiation exposure to the wearer of radiation protective gar-
F23.70 on Radiological Hazards.
ments.
Current edition approved July 1, 2014. Published July 2014. DOI: 10.1520/
F3094–14.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3, rue de
the ASTM website. Varembé, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://www.iec.ch.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3094 − 14
3.1.5 half-value layer (HV), n—thethicknessof99.9%pure radiation scattered from a water equivalent medium measured
4
aluminum in millimetres (commonly designated mm Al) that at 90° to the beam incidence on that medium.
reduces the intensity of an X-ray beam by one half of its initial 3.1.11.1 Discussion—Measuring the actual degree of pro-
value. tection from scattered X-ra
...

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5.2 This test method attempts to realistically quantify the radiation protection provided by radiation protective garments under real-world conditions for workers primarily exposed to scattered radiation in medical fluoroscopy work.  
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