ASTM C1731-13
(Specification)Standard Specification for Concrete Floor Tile
Standard Specification for Concrete Floor Tile
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the product criteria and minimum performance requirements for concrete floor tile (CFT) used as interior and exterior flooring. The units described by this specification are manufactured from cementitious materials, mineral aggregates (normal weight, lightweight, or both), water, and additives that are cast into various textures and shapes, often simulating natural stone, brick, terracotta, saltillo, and others. The standard addresses materials and their manufacture, physical properties, sampling, packaging and package marking, and certification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers concrete floor tile (CFT) for application as interior and exterior flooring. The units described by this specification are manufactured from cementitious materials, mineral aggregates (normal weight, lightweight, or both), water, and additives that are cast into various textures and shapes, often simulating natural stone, brick, terracotta, saltillo, and others.
1.2 This specification is limited to requirements for the physical attributes for the CFT units.
1.3 The use of results from testing installed CFT units that have been removed from use for determining conformance or nonconformance to the requirements of this specification is beyond the scope of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: C1731 −13
StandardSpecification for
Concrete Floor Tile
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1731; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this specification is to establish the product specifications and minimum
performance requirements of concrete floor tile.
1. Scope C140 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Concrete
Masonry Units and Related Units
1.1 This specification covers concrete floor tile (CFT) for
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
application as interior and exterior flooring. The units de-
C157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened
scribed by this specification are manufactured from cementi-
Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and Concrete
tious materials, mineral aggregates (normal weight,
C172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Con-
lightweight, or both), water, and additives that are cast into
crete
various textures and shapes, often simulating natural stone,
C260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-
brick, terracotta, saltillo, and others.
crete
1.2 This specification is limited to requirements for the
C331 Specification for LightweightAggregates for Concrete
physical attributes for the CFT units.
Masonry Units
1.3 The use of results from testing installed CFT units that
C482 Test Method for Bond Strength of Ceramic Tile to
have been removed from use for determining conformance or
Portland Cement Paste
nonconformance to the requirements of this specification is
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
beyond the scope of this specification.
Concrete
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
C595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
and are not considered standard.
C979 Specification for Pigments for Integrally Colored Con-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the crete
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the C989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Mortars
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
C1028 Test Method for Determining the Static Coefficient of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Friction of Ceramic Tile and Other Like Surfaces by the
Horizontal Dynamometer Pull-Meter Method
2. Referenced Documents
C1093 Practice for Accreditation of Testing Agencies for
2.1 ASTM Standards: Masonry
C1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
Specimens in the Field C1157/C1157M Performance Specification for Hydraulic
C33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates Cement
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
C1232 Terminology of Masonry
drical Concrete Specimens
C1353 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Dimension
Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Platform,
Double-Head Abraser
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 on
C1600/C1600M Specification for Rapid Hardening Hydrau-
Manufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
lic Cement
C15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.
C1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published January 2013. DOI: 10.1520/
C1731–13. Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1731 − 13
C1645 Test Method for Freeze-thaw and De-icing Salt 5.1.3.1 Standard Units—For standard units, no overall di-
Durability of Solid Concrete Interlocking Paving Units mension (width, height, and length) shall differ by more than
6 ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) from the specified dimensions.
NOTE 1—An installation guide for concrete floor tile (CFT) is being
5.1.3.2 Irregular Units—For irregular units that feature
developed concurrently in Subcommittee C15.05 Masonry Assemblies.
deliberate dimensional variations more than 6 ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm),
the CFT manufacturer shall be consulted as to specific dimen-
3. Terminology
sional tolerances.
3.1 Terminology defined in Terminology C1232 shall apply
NOTE 2—Dimensional tolerances for irregular units may vary due to the
for this section.
wide variety of CFT shapes and styles including tumbled, flagstone, and
other rustic appearances.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.2 Compressive Strength:
3.2.1 concrete floor tile (CFT), n—manufactured masonry
unit that is a blend of cementitious material, aggregates, 5.2.1 The average compressive strength shall equal or
pigments, chemical admixtures, and water that is designed to exceed 4000 psi (27.6 MPa) with no individual specimen less
be applied via masonry mortar to a horizontal substrate. than 3600 psi (24.8 MPa).
5.2.2 For wet-cast products sample concrete from regular
3.2.2 back pattern, n—grooves or other textures included on
production in accordance with Practice C172/C172M and
the back of the CFT unit.
prepare three cylinders in accordance with Practice C31/
C31M. Test compressive strength of the concrete mix in
4. Materials and Manufacture
accordance with Test Method C39/C39M.
4.1 Cementitious Materials shall conform to the following
5.2.3 For dry-cast products sample a minimum of three
applicable specifications:
specimens from regular production in accordance with Test
4.1.1 Portland Cement—Specification C150.
Method C140. Test compressive strength in accordance with
4.1.2 Blended Cement—Specification C595.
Annex A4.3 of Test Method C140.
4.1.3 Hydraulic Cement—Specification C1157/C1157M.
5.3 Shear Bond Strength:
4.1.4 Rapid Hardening Hydraulic Cements—Specification
5.3.1 Five CFT units shall be tested in accordance with Test
C1600/C1600M.
Method C482 and shall have minimum shear bond strength of
4.1.5 Pozzolans and Fly Ash—Specification C618.
50 psi (0.34 MPa).
4.1.6 Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag—
5.3.2 CFT units shall be cut to 4 by 4 in. (101.6 by 101.6
Specification C989.
mm). If the CFT nominal unit length or width is smaller than
4.2 Aggregates shall conform to the following applicable
4 in. (101.6 mm), the CFT unit mix shall be cast into a larger
specifications, except that grading requirements shall not
mold that allows the 4- by 4-in. (101.6- by 101.6-mm) sample
necessarily apply:
unit to be cut.
4.2.1 Normal Weight—Specification C33.
5.3.3 Shear bond testing shall be conducted using the actual
4.2.2 Lightweight—Specification C331.
bonding surface of the CFT unit as manufactured. If the CFT
unit used for testing has a directional back pattern, this back
4.3 Chemical Admixtures shall conform to the following
pattern shall be oriented parallel to the direction of loading.
applicable specifications:
4.3.1 Air-Entraining Admixtures—Specification C260.
5.4 Resistance to Freezing and Thawing:
4.3.2 Water-Reducing, Retarding, and Accelerating
5.4.1 If units are exposed to freezing and deicing materials
Admixtures—Specification C494/C494M.
during service, the manufacturer shall satisfy the purchaser
4.3.3 Pigments for Integrally Colored Concrete—
either by proven field performance or a labor
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