ASTM F1788-08
(Guide)Standard Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Environmental and Operational Considerations
Standard Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Environmental and Operational Considerations
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is primarily intended to aid decision-makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training.
This guide is not specific to either site or type of oil.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of in-situ burning to assist in the control of oil spills on water. This guide is not applicable to in-situ burning of oil on land.
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable spill responders to decide if burning will be used as part of the oil spill cleanup response.
1.3 This is a general guide only. It is assumed that conditions at the spill site have been assessed and that these conditions are suitable for the burning of oil. It is also assumed that permission to burn the oil has been obtained from appropriate regulatory authorities. Variations in the behavior of different oil types are not dealt with and may change some of the parameters noted in this guide.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are included for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F1788 − 08
StandardGuide for
In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Environmental and
1
Operational Considerations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1788; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1.1 This guide covers the use of in-situ burning to assist in
3.1.1 burn effıciency—burn efficiency is the percentage of
the control of oil spills on water.This guide is not applicable to
the oil removed from the water by the burning.
in-situ burning of oil on land.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Burn efficiency is the amount (volume)
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that
of oil before burning; less the volume remaining as a residue,
will enable spill responders to decide if burning will be used as
divided by the initial volume of the oil.
part of the oil spill cleanup response.
3.1.2 burn rate—the rate at which oil is burned in a given
1.3 This is a general guide only. It is assumed that condi-
area.
tions at the spill site have been assessed and that these
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Typically, the area is a pool and burn
conditions are suitable for the burning of oil. It is also assumed
rate is the regression rate of the burning liquid, or may be
that permission to burn the oil has been obtained from
described as a volumetric rate.
appropriateregulatoryauthorities.Variationsinthebehaviorof
3.1.3 contact probability—the probability that oil will be
different oil types are not dealt with and may change some of
contacted by the flame during burning.
the parameters noted in this guide.
3.1.4 controlled burning—burning when the combustion
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
can be started and stopped by human intervention.
standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1.5 fire-resistant booms—devices that float on water to
conversions to inch-pound units that are included for informa-
restrict the spreading and movement of oil slicks and con-
tion only and are not considered standard.
structed to withstand the high temperatures and heat fluxes of
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
in-situ burning.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.6 in-situ burning—use of burning directly on the water
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
surface.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.6.1 Discussion—In-situ burning does not include incin-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
eration techniques, whereby oil or oiled debris are placed into
an incinerator.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.7 residue—the material, excluding airborne emissions,
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
remaining after the oil stops burning.
F1990 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Ignition
Devices
4. Significance and Use
F2152 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Fire-
4.1 This guide is primarily intended to aid decision-makers
Resistant Boom
and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response,
and training.
4.2 This guide is not specific to either site or type of oil.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F20.15 on In-Situ Burning.
5. Background
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally
5.1 Overview of Oil Burning:
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F1788 – 97 (2003).
DOI: 10.1520/F1788-08.
5.1.1 In-situ burning is one of several oil-spill countermea-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
suresavailable.Othercountermeasurescouldincludemechani-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
cal recovery, use of oil-spill dispersants, and leaving the oil to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. natural processes.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F1788 − 08
5.1.2 In-situ burning is combustion at the spill site without 7. Operational Considerations for In-situ Burning
removing the oil from the water. Containment techniques may
7.1 Safety Considerations—The safety of the proposed op-
be used, however, to increase the thickness of the oil (Guide
eration shall be the primary consideration. Secondly, the
F2152). The thickness of the oil slick is an important factor in
burning operation shall not res
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F1788–97 (Reapproved 2003) Designation:F1788–08
Standard Guide for
In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Environmental and
1
Operational Considerations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1788; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thisguidecoverstheuseofin-situburningtoassistinthecontrolofoilspillsonwater.Thisguideisnotapplicabletoin-situ
burning of oil on land.
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable spill responders to decide if burning will be used as part
of the oil spill cleanup response.
1.3This is a general guide only. It is assumed that conditions at the spill site have been assessed and that these conditions are
suitable for the burning of oil. It is also assumed that permission to burn the oil has been obtained. Variations in the behavior of
different oil types are not dealt with and may change some of the parameters noted in this guide.
1.4
1.3 This is a general guide only. It is assumed that conditions at the spill site have been assessed and that these conditions are
suitable for the burning of oil. It is also assumed that permission to burn the oil has been obtained from appropriate regulatory
authorities.Variations in the behavior of different oil types are not dealt with and may change some of the parameters noted in this
guide.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions
to inch-pound units that are included for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F 1990 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Ignition Devices
F 2152 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Fire-Resistant Boom
3. Terminology
2.1
3.1 Definitions:
2.1.1
3.1.1 burn effıciency—burn efficiency is the percentage of the oil removed from the water by the burning.
2.1.1.1
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Burn efficiency is the amount (volume) of oil before burning; less the volume remaining as a residue,
divided by the initial volume of the oil.
2.1.2
3.1.2 burn rate—the rate at which oil is burned in a given area.
2.1.2.1
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Typically, the area is a pool and burn rate is the regression rate of the burning liquid, or may be described
as a volumetric rate.
2.1.3
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.15
on In-Situ Burning.
Current edition approved May 10, 1997. Published July 1997.
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2008. Published September 2008. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 1788 – 97 (2003).
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this guide.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1788–08
3.1.3 contact probability—the probability that oil will be contacted by the flame during burning.
2.1.4
3.1.4 controlled burning—burning when the combustion can be started and stopped by human intervention.
2.1.5
3.1.5 fire-resistant booms—devices that float on water to restrict the spreading and movement of oil slicks and constructed to
withstand the high temperatures and heat fluxes of in-situ burning.
2.1.6
3.1.6 in-situ burning—use of burning directly on the water surface.
2.1.6.1
3.1.6.1 Discussion—In-situ burning does not include incineration techniques, whereby oil or oiled debris are placed into an
incinerator.
2.1.7
3.1.7 residue—the material, excluding airborne emissions, remaining after the oil stops burning.
3.Significance and Use
3.1This guide is primarily intended to a
...
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