ASTM F1990-23
(Guide)Standard Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Ignition Devices
Standard Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Ignition Devices
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes the requirements for igniting oil for the purpose of in-situ burning. It is intended to aid decision-makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training, and to aid manufacturers in developing effective ignition devices.
4.2 This guide describes criteria for the design and selection of ignition devices for in-situ burning applications.
4.3 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational manual for the ignition and burning of spilled oil.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide relates to the use of in-situ burning of spilled oil. The focus of the guide is in-situ burning of oil on water, but the ignition techniques and devices described in the guide are generally applicable to in-situ burning of oil spilled on land as well.
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable oil-spill responders to select the appropriate techniques and devices to successfully ignite oil spilled on water.
1.3 This guide is one of four related to in-situ burning of oil spills. Guide F1788 addresses environmental and operational considerations. Guide F2152 addresses fire-resistant booms, and Guide F2230 addresses burning in ice conditions.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. In particular, the storage, transport, and use of ignition devices may be subject to regulations that will vary according to the jurisdiction. While guidance of a general nature is provided herein, users of this guide should determine regulations that apply to their situation.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1990 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Ignition Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
F1788 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water:
1.1 This guide relates to the use of in-situ burning of spilled
Environmental and Operational Considerations
oil. The focus of the guide is in-situ burning of oil on water, but
F2152 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Fire-
the ignition techniques and devices described in the guide are
Resistant Boom
generally applicable to in-situ burning of oil spilled on land as
F2230 Guide for In-situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Ice
well.
Conditions
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that
will enable oil-spill responders to select the appropriate tech-
3. Terminology
niques and devices to successfully ignite oil spilled on water.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 This guide is one of four related to in-situ burning of oil
3.1.1 fire point, n—the lowest temperature at which a
spills. Guide F1788 addresses environmental and operational
specimen will sustain burning for 5 s. (Test Method D92)
considerations. Guide F2152 addresses fire-resistant booms,
3.1.2 flash point, n—the lowest temperature corrected to a
and Guide F2230 addresses burning in ice conditions.
barometric pressure of 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), at which
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
application of a test flame causes the vapor of a specimen to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ignite under specified conditions of test. (Test Method D92)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- 4. Significance and Use
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. In
4.1 This guide describes the requirements for igniting oil for
particular, the storage, transport, and use of ignition devices
the purpose of in-situ burning. It is intended to aid decision-
may be subject to regulations that will vary according to the
makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill
jurisdiction. While guidance of a general nature is provided
response, and training, and to aid manufacturers in developing
herein, users of this guide should determine regulations that
effective ignition devices.
apply to their situation.
4.2 This guide describes criteria for the design and selection
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
of ignition devices for in-situ burning applications.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.3 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
manual for the ignition and burning of spilled oil.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 5. Overview of the Requirements for Igniting Spilled Oil
on Water
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 The focus of this section is on the in-situ combustion of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
on-water oil spills.
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
5.2 Successful ignition of oil on water requires two compo-
Open Cup Tester
nents: heating the oil such that sufficient vapors are produced to
support continuous combustion, and then, providing an igni-
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
tion source to start burning. The temperature at which the oil
Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F20.15 on In-Situ Burning.
produces vapors at a sufficient rate to ignite is called the flash
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally
point. At a temperature above the flash point, known as the fire
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F1990 – 19. DOI:
point, the oil will produce vapors at a rate sufficient to support
10.1520/F1990-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or continuous combustion.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.3 For light refined products, such as gasoline and some
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. unweathered crude oils, the fire point may be
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1990 − 19 F1990 − 23
Standard Guide for
1
In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Ignition Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide relates to the use of in-situ burning of spilled oil. The focus of the guide is in-situ burning of oil on water, but the
ignition techniques and devices described in the guide are generally applicable to in-situ burning of oil spilled on land as well.
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable oil-spill responders to select the appropriate techniques
and devices to successfully ignite oil spilled on water.
1.3 This guide is one of four related to in-situ burning of oil spills. Guide F1788 addresses environmental and operational
considerations. Guide F2152 addresses fire-resistant booms, and Guide F2230 addresses burning in ice conditions.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. In particular, the storage, transport, and use of ignition devices may be subject to regulations
that will vary according to the jurisdiction. While guidance of a general nature is provided herein, users of this guide should
determine regulations that apply to their situation.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
F1788 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Environmental and Operational Considerations
F2152 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Fire-Resistant Boom
F2230 Guide for In-situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Ice Conditions
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 fire point—point, n—the lowest temperature at which a specimen will sustain burning for 5 s. (Test Method D92)
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.15
on In-Situ Burning.
Current edition approved March 1, 2019March 1, 2023. Published March 2019March 2023. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 20132019 as
F1990 – 07F1990 – 19.(2013). DOI: 10.1520/F1990-19.10.1520/F1990-23.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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F1990 − 23
3.1.2 flash point—point, n—the lowest temperature corrected to a barometric pressure of 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), at which
application of a test flame causes the vapor of a specimen to ignite under specified conditions of test. (Test Method D92)
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This guide describes the requirements for igniting oil for the purpose of in-situ burning. It is intended to aid decision-makers
and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training, and to aid manufacturers in developing effective ignition
devices.
4.2 This guide describes criteria for the design and selection of ignition devices for in-situ burning applications.
4.3 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational manual for the ignition and burning of spilled oil.
5. Overview of the Requirements for Igniting Spilled Oil on Water
5.1 The focus of this section is on the in-situ combustion of on-water oil spills.
5.2 Successful ignition of oil on water requires two components: heating the oil such that sufficient vapors are produced to support
continuous combustion, and then, providing an ignition sou
...
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