ASTM F3195-21
(Guide)Standard Guide for Estimating the Volume of Oil Consumed in an In-Situ Burn
Standard Guide for Estimating the Volume of Oil Consumed in an In-Situ Burn
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes a methodology for estimating the effectiveness of an in-situ burn. It is intended to aid decision-makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training.
4.2 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational manual for the ignition and burning of oil slicks. The guide does not cover the feasibility of an in-situ burn, or the evaluation of airborne emissions from a burn.
4.3 It is generally accepted that a precise determination of the burn effectiveness will not be possible. However, the methodology presented in this guide can be used to provide a consistent and reasonable estimate.
4.4 Burn effectiveness can be reported as total volume burned or burn efficiency (that is, volume burned of that available), or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide relates to the use of in-situ burning of oil spills. The focus of the guide is in-situ burning of spills on water, but the techniques described in the guide are generally applicable to in-situ burning of land spills as well.
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable spill responders to estimate the volume of oil consumed in an in-situ burn.
1.3 This guide is one of several related to in-situ burning. Other standards cover specifications for fire-containment booms and the environmental and operational considerations for burning.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4.1 Exception—Table 1, Table 2 and Fig. 2 provide inch-pound units for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3195 − 21
Standard Guide for
1
Estimating the Volume of Oil Consumed in an In-Situ Burn
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3195; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F1788Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water:
Environmental and Operational Considerations
1.1 This guide relates to the use of in-situ burning of oil
spills. The focus of the guide is in-situ burning of spills on
3. Terminology
water, but the techniques described in the guide are generally
3.1 burn effıciency—the percentage of the oil removed from
applicable to in-situ burning of land spills as well.
the water by burning. F1788
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that
3.2 gap ratio—sweep width divided by boom length. F818
will enable spill responders to estimate the volume of oil
3.3 residue—the material, excluding airborne emissions,
consumed in an in-situ burn.
remaining after the oil stops burning. F1788
1.3 This guide is one of several related to in-situ burning.
3.4 sweep width —widthinterceptedbyaboomincollection
Other standards cover specifications for fire-containment
mode, the projected distance between the ends of a boom
booms and the environmental and operational considerations
deployed in a “U,” “V,” or “J” configuration. (Also known as
for burning.
swath.) F818
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
asstandard.Nootherunitsofmeasurementareincludedinthis
4. Significance and Use
standard.
4.1 This guide describes a methodology for estimating the
1.4.1 Exception—Table 1, Table 2 and Fig. 2 provide
effectiveness of an in-situ burn. It is intended to aid decision-
inch-pound units for information only.
makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
response, and training.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.2 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
manual for the ignition and burning of oil slicks. The guide
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
does not cover the feasibility of an in-situ burn, or the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
evaluation of airborne emissions from a burn.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
4.3 It is generally accepted that a precise determination of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the burn effectiveness will not be possible. However, the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
methodology presented in this guide can be used to provide a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
consistent and reasonable estimate.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.4 Burn effectiveness can be reported as total volume
burned or burn efficiency (that is, volume burned of that
2. Referenced Documents
available), or both.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Evaluation Approach
F818Terminology Relating to Spill Response Booms and
Barriers
5.1 For most oils and under most conditions, oil slicks burn
at a rate of between 2 and 4 mm/min. By accurately observing
the total area of an in-situ burn and the total duration of the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
burn it is possible to estimate the volume of oil consumed in
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F20.15 on In-Situ Burning.
the burn.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2021. Published January 2022. Originally
5.2 If it is necessary to estimate the burn effectiveness,
approved 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F3195–16. DOI:
10.1520/F3195–21
defined as the percentage of oil burned of that available for
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
burning, one must also estimate either: the volume of oil
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
spilled or available for burning; or, the volume of residue
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. remaining after the burn.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3195 − 21
5.3
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3195 − 16 F3195 − 21
Standard Guide for
1
Estimating the Volume of Oil Consumed in an In-Situ Burn
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3195; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide relates to the use of in-situ burning of oil spills. The focus of the guide is in-situ burning of spills on water, but
the techniques described in the guide are generally applicable to in-situ burning of land spills as well.
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable spill responders to estimate the volume of oil consumed
in an in-situ burn.
1.3 This guide is one of several related to in-situ burning. Other standards cover specifications for fire-containment booms and
the environmental and operational considerations for burning.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
1.4.1 Exception—Table 1, Table 2 and Fig. 2 provide inch-pound units for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F818 Terminology Relating to Spill Response Booms and Barriers
F1788 Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Environmental and Operational Considerations
3. Terminology
3.1 burn effıciency—the percentage of the oil removed from the water by burning. F1788
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F20.15 on In-Situ Burning.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016Nov. 1, 2021. Published July 2016January 2022. Originally approved 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as F3195–16.
DOI: 10.1520/F3195–1610.1520/F3195–21
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F3195 − 21
3.2 gap ratio—sweep width divided by boom length. F818
3.3 residue—the material, excluding airborne emissions, remaining after the oil stops burning. F1788
3.4 sweep width —width intercepted by a boom in collection mode, the projected distance between the ends of a boom deployed
in a “U,” “V,” or “J” configuration. (Also known as swath.) F818
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This guide describes a methodology for estimating the effectiveness of an in-situ burn. It is intended to aid decision-makers
and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training.
4.2 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational manual for the ignition and burning of oil slicks. The guide does not cover
the feasibility of an in-situ burn, or the evaluation of airborne emissions from a burn.
4.3 It is generally accepted that a precise determination of the burn effectiveness will not be possible. However, the methodology
presented in this guide can be used to provide a consistent and reasonable estimate.
4.4 Burn effectiveness can be reported as total volume burned or burn efficiency, or both efficiency (that is, volume burned of that
available.)available), or both.
5. Evaluation Approach
5.1 For most oils and under most conditions, oil slicks burn at a rate of between 2 and 4 mm/min. By accurately observing the
total area of an in-situ burn and the total duration of the burn it is possible to estimate the volume of oil consumed in the burn.
5.2 If it is necessary to estimate the burn
...
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