ASTM D3240-22a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
Standard Test Method for Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Undissolved (free) water in aviation fuel can encourage the growth of microorganisms and subsequent corrosion in the tanks of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling equipment by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of undissolved water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample container. The usual range of test readings covers from 1 ppm to 60 ppm of free water. This test method does not detect water dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel streams can vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water solubility in the fuel.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3240 − 22a
Standard Test Method for
1
Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3240; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3.2.2 FreeWaterIndependentofPadReader(FWIPR),n—a
calculated result which provides free water independent of test
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementofundissolved
pad reader used for measurement. FWIPR equations were
water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without
3
developed from the 2011 ILS data.
exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample
container. The usual range of test readings covers from 1 ppm
4. Summary of Test Method
to 60 ppm of free water.This test method does not detect water
4.1 Ameasured sample of fuel is passed through as uranine
dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel
dye-treated filter pad. Undissolved (free) water in the fuel will
streams can vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water
react with the uranine dye. When the pad is subsequently
solubility in the fuel.
illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) light, the dye previously
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
contacted by free water will fluoresce a bright yellow with the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
brightness increasing for increasing amounts of free water in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the fuel. The light-illuminated pad is compared to a known
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
standardusingaphotocellcomparator,andthefreewaterinthe
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
fuel sample is read out in parts per million by volume. By
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
varying the fuel sample size, the range of the test method can
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
be increased.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5. Significance and Use
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.1 Undissolved (free) water in aviation fuel can encourage
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
the growth of microorganisms and subsequent corrosion in the
tanks of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel
2. Referenced Documents
system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
equipment by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
Fuels, and Lubricants
6. Apparatus
4,5,6,7
6.1 Test Pad Rater (UV Source Device)—A device for
3. Terminology
comparingthefluorescenceofthetestpadtoaknownstandard,
3.1 Definitions:
while both are illuminated by the same source of UV light,
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
shall be used. The amount of UV light striking the standard
to Terminology D4175.
shall be modulated until the total fluorescence of the test pad
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 free water, n—water not dissolved in the fuel.
3
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may
beobtainedbyrequestingResearchReportRR:D02-1804.ContactASTMCustomer
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Service at service@astm.org.
4
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of The Aqua-Glo Series II instrument manufactured by Gammon Technical
Subcommittee D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness. Products, Inc., P.O. Box 400, Manasquan, NJ 08736-0400 was used in the original
Current edition approved July 1, 2022. Published September 2022. Originally precision test program (RR:D02-1195). The unit is currently available in a Series V
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as D3240 – 22. DOI: configuration, which is changed only in the power supply. All water content
10.1520/D3240-22A. measuring components remain of the same configuration as the Series II instrument.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Manufacturers who wish to offer similar products are referred to Committee D02
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Equipment Replacement Guidelines.
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Standards volume inf
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3240 − 22 D3240 − 22a
Standard Test Method for
1
Undissolved Water In Aviation Turbine Fuels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3240; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of undissolved water in aviation turbine fuels in flowing fuel streams without
exposing the fuel sample to the atmosphere or to a sample container. The usual range of test readings covers from 1 ppm to 60 ppm
of free water. This test method does not detect water dissolved in the fuel, and thus test results for comparable fuel streams can
vary with fuel temperature and the degree of water solubility in the fuel.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D4175.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 free water, n—water not dissolved in the fuel.
3.2.2 Free Water Independent of Pad Reader (FWIPR), n—a calculated result which provides free water independent of test pad
3
reader used for measurement. FWIPR equations were developed from the 2011 ILS data.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.05 on Fuel Cleanliness.
Current edition approved April 1, 2022July 1, 2022. Published May 2022September 2022. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20152022 as
D3240 – 15.D3240 – 22. DOI: 10.1520/D3240-22.10.1520/D3240-22A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1804. Contact ASTM Customer
Service at service@astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D3240 − 22a
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A measured sample of fuel is passed through as uranine dye-treated filter pad. Undissolved (free) water in the fuel will react
with the uranine dye. When the pad is subsequently illuminated by ultraviolet (UV) light, the dye previously contacted by free
water will fluoresce a bright yellow with the brightness increasing for increasing amounts of free water in the fuel. The
light-illuminated pad is compared to a known standard using a photocell comparator, and the free water in the fuel sample is read
out in parts per million by volume. By varying the fuel sample size, the range of the test method can be increased.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Undissolved (free) water in aviation fuel can encourage the growth of microorganisms and subsequent corrosion in the tanks
of aircraft and can also lead to icing of filters in the fuel system. Control of free water is exercised in ground fueling equipment
by use of filter-coalescers and water separators.
6. Apparatus
4,5,6,7
6.1 Test Pad Rater (UV Source Device)—A device for comparing the fluorescence of the test pad to a known standard, while
both are illuminated by the same source of UV light, shall be used. The amount of UV light striking the standard shall be modulat
...
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