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ASTM D4475-02(2016)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By the Short-Beam Method

Standard Test Method for Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced Plastic Rods By the Short-Beam Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Apparent shear strength determined by this test method is useful for quality control and specification purposes. It is also applicable to research and development programs concerned with interlaminar-shear strength. The apparent shear strength obtained by this test method cannot be used for design purposes, but can be utilized for comparative testing of composite materials, if all failures are in horizontal shear.  
4.2 It is recommended that control samples be fabricated with each research test series and that care be used to compare each set of controls with corresponding test series run at different times.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the apparent horizontal shear strength of fiber reinforced plastic rods. The specimen is a short beam in the form of lengths of pultruded rods. This test method is applicable to all types of parallel-fiber-reinforced plastic rod samples.  
1.2 This test method is primarily used for quality control and specification purposes (see 4.1).  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2016
ICS
83.120 - Reinforced plastics
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.18 - Reinforced Thermosetting Plastics
Current Stage
Ref Project

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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4475 −02 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced
1
Plastic Rods By the Short-Beam Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4475; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the appar- 4.1 Apparent shear strength determined by this test method
ent horizontal shear strength of fiber reinforced plastic rods. is useful for quality control and specification purposes. It is
The specimen is a short beam in the form of lengths of also applicable to research and development programs con-
pultruded rods. This test method is applicable to all types of cerned with interlaminar-shear strength. The apparent shear
parallel-fiber-reinforced plastic rod samples. strength obtained by this test method cannot be used for design
purposes, but can be utilized for comparative testing of
1.2 This test method is primarily used for quality control
composite materials, if all failures are in horizontal shear.
and specification purposes (see 4.1).
4.2 It is recommended that control samples be fabricated
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
with each research test series and that care be used to compare
standard.
each set of controls with corresponding test series run at
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
different times.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5. Apparatus
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 TestingMachine—Aproperly calibrated testing machine
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
that can be operated at a constant rate of crosshead motion, and
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
in which the error in the load measuring system shall not
exceed 61 % of the maximum load expected to be measured.
2. Referenced Documents
The load-indicating mechanism shall be essentially free of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
inertia lag at the crosshead rate used. The accuracy of the
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
testing machine shall be verified in accordance with Practices
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E4.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.2 Loading Nose and Supports—Shown in Fig. 2 and Fig.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. The loading nose shall be a suitable steel rod with a groove
3. Summary of Test Method in the diameter of the pultruded rod machined in its lower end.
The groove diameter shall always have a plus tolerance and
3.1 The horizontal-shear test specimen is center-loaded as
zero negative tolerance.The bottom support shall be adjustable
shown in Fig. 1. The ends of the specimens rest on two
to allow for testing at various span/diameter ratios.The surface
supports that allow the specimen to bend, the load being
of the groove shall be free of indentation and burrs, with all
applied by means of a loading nose at midpoint along the
sharp edges relieved.
support span, as shown in Fig. 2.
5.3 Micrometers—Suitable micrometers for measuring the
3.2 The specimen is deflected until a shear failure occurs at
diameter of the test specimen to an incremental discrimination
the midplane of the horizontally supported rod.
of at least 0.025 mm (0.001 in.) shall be used.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
6. Test Specimen
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermoset-
ting Plastics.
6.1 The specimen shall be cut from the pultruded rod to a
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally
length of one diameter greater than the test span and to a
approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D4475 - 02(2008).
tolerance of plus or minus 0.1 times the diameter.
DOI: 10.1520/D4475-02R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6.2 Number of Specimens—The number of test specimens is
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
optional. However, a minimum of five specimens is required to
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. obtain a satisfactory average and standard deviation.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

--------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4475 − 02 (Reapproved 2008) D4475 − 02 (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Test Method for
Apparent Horizontal Shear Strength of Pultruded Reinforced
1
Plastic Rods By the Short-Beam Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4475; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the apparent horizontal shear strength of fiber reinforced plastic rods. The
specimen is a short beam in the form of lengths of pultruded rods. This test method is applicable to all types of
parallel-fiber-reinforced plastic rod samples.
1.2 This test method is primarily used for quality control and specification purposes (see 4.1).
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no similar or equivalent ISO known ISO equivalent to this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The horizontal-shear test specimen is center-loaded as shown in Fig. 1. The ends of the specimens rest on two supports that
allow the specimen to bend, the load being applied by means of a loading nose at midpoint along the support span, as shown in
Fig. 2.
3.2 The specimen is deflected until a shear failure occurs at the midplane of the horizontally supported rod.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Apparent shear strength determined by this test method is useful for quality control and specification purposes. It is also
applicable to research and development programs concerned with interlaminar-shear strength. The apparent shear strength obtained
by this test method cannot be used for design purposes, but can be utilized for comparative testing of composite materials, if all
failures are in horizontal shear.
4.2 It is recommended that control samples be fabricated with each research test series and that care be used to compare each
set of controls with corresponding test series run at different times.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Testing Machine—A properly calibrated testing machine that can be operated at a constant rate of crosshead motion, and
in which the error in the load measuring system shall not exceed 61 % of the maximum load expected to be measured. The
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.18 on Reinforced Thermosetting
Plastics.
Current edition approved March 1, 2008April 1, 2016. Published March 2008April 2016. Originally approved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 20022008 as
D4475 - 02.D4475 - 02(2008). DOI: 10.1520/D4475-02R08.10.1520/D4475-02R16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4475 − 02 (2016)
FIG. 1 Test Assembly
FIG. 2 Span Configuration for 3D Span. Span. May Also Be 4D, 5D, or 6D, as Required to Achieve Shear Mode of Failure
load-indicating mechanism shall be essentially free of inertia lag at the crosshead rate used. The accuracy of the testing machine
shall be verified in accordance with Practices E4.
5.2 Loading Nose and Supports—Shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. The loading nose shall be a suitable steel rod with a groove in
the diameter of the pultruded rod machined in its lower end. The groove diameter shall always have a plus tolerance and zero
negative tolerance. The bottom support shall be adjustable to allow for testing at various span/diameter ratios. The surface of the
groove shall be free
...

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Standard Specification for Contact Molded “Fiberglass” (Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Ducts

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the material and design requirements, and fabrication of ducts and hoods made of "fiberglass" (glass fiber reinforced thermosetting resin) consisting of a polyester, vinyl ester, or other qualified resin-matrix systems with fiber reinforcement manufactured by contact molding, intended for use in handling corrosive fumes and process gases. Special attention is given to equipment that operates at specified temperatures with regard to strength and corrosion resistance. This specification does not address the selection of resins and reinforcements for specific chemical environments.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers ducts fabricated by contact molding intended for use in handling corrosive fumes and process gases. Special attention is given to equipment that operates at temperatures over 180°F (82.2°C) with regard to strength and corrosion resistance.  
1.2 The material of construction shall be “fiberglass” consisting of a polyester, vinyl ester, or other qualified resin-matrix systems with fiber reinforcement in accordance with Specification C582.  
1.3 This specification is not intended to cover selection of resins and reinforcements for specific chemical environments.  
1.4 This specification covers ducts up to a design pressure of ±5 psig (34.5 Pa).  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Technical specification
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ASTM
ASTM C581-20(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining Chemical Resistance of Thermosetting Resins Used in Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Structures Intended for Liquid Service

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The results obtained by this practice shall serve as a guide in, but not as the sole basis for, selection of a thermosetting resin used in an RTP structure. No attempt has been made to incorporate into the practice all the various factors that will potentially affect the serviceability of an RTP structure when subjected to chemical environments. These factors will potentially include stress, different resin-to-glass ratios, and multiple veils.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice is designed to evaluate, in an unstressed state, the chemical resistance of thermosetting resins used in the fabrication of reinforced thermosetting plastic (RTP) laminates. This practice provides for the determination of changes in the properties, described as follows, of the test specimens and test reagent after exposure of the specimens to the reagent: hardness of specimens, weight change thickness, appearance of specimens, appearance of immersion media, and flexural strength and modulus.  
1.1.1 This practice is also useful to evaluate other factors, such as surfacing veils and the effect of resin additives, on the chemical resistance of the resin.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off