ASTM F417-78(1996)
(Test Method)Test Method for Flexural Strength (Modulus of Rupture) of Electronic-Grade Ceramics (Withdrawn 2001)
Test Method for Flexural Strength (Modulus of Rupture) of Electronic-Grade Ceramics (Withdrawn 2001)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the flexural strength (modulus of rupture) of electronic-grade ceramics, including procedures for specimen preparation.
1.2 This test method is applicable to specimens prepared from ceramic blanks at least 0.080 by 0.080 by 1 1/8 in. (2.0 by 2.0 by 28.6 mm).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 417 – 78 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Test Method for
Flexural Strength (Modulus of Rupture)
of Electronic-Grade Ceramics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.1 modulus of rupture, MOR [psi(MPa)]—for purposes
of this method, synonymous with flexural strength.
1.1 This test method covers procedures for determining the
3.3 Definitions relating to surface imperfections may be
flexural strength (modulus of rupture) of electronic-grade
found in Definitions F 109F 109.
ceramics, including procedures for specimen preparation.
1.2 This test method is applicable to specimens prepared
4. Summary of Test Method
from ceramic blanks at least 0.080 by 0.080 by 1 ⁄8 in. (2.0 by
4.1 The test specimen, a small bar of square cross section,
2.0 by 28.6 mm).
rests on two cylindrical supports in a compression test ma-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
chine. It is bent by the application of force, at mid-span, to the
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
opposite face of the bar from that resting on the two supports.
information only.
The bending force is applied by a third cylinder (identical to
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the other two) at a prescribed constant rate until the specimen
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
breaks.Thebreakingload,thedimensionsofthespecimen,and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the test span are used to compute flexural strength.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents 5.1 Ceramic materials are considered to be brittle or per-
fectly elastic. Fracture normally occurs at the surface under a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tensile stress caused by flexure. The stress is termed the
C 623 Test Method for Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus,
modulus of rupture. The modulus of rupture is influenced by
and Poisson’s Ratio for Glass and Glass-Ceramics by
2 variables associated with the procedure used for its measure-
Resonance
ment, including the rate of application of stress, test environ-
D116 Methods of Testing Vitrified Ceramic Materials for
3 ment, and area of the specimen subject to stress, all of which
Electrical Applications
4 are specified in this method.
E4 Practices for Load Verification of Testing Machines
5.2 The modulus of rupture affords a convenient basis for
F 109 Terminology Relating to Surface Imperfections on
2 comparing the mechanical properties of ceramic materials. It
Ceramics
indicates quality and consistency of quality.
3. Terminology 5.3 This test method is intended for use by manufacturers
and users of brittle ceramics for electronic applications. It
3.1 Definitions:
provides for the testing of small specimens (commonly desig-
3.1.1 flexural strength, S [psi(MPa)]—the maximum stress
nated “microbars”) which may be cut from actual ceramic
in a mode of flexure that a specimen develops at rupture;
parts. The test may be used for the purpose of specification
normally, the calculated maximum longitudinal tensile stress at
acceptance by agreement between manufacturer and user, or
mid-point of the specimen test span surface.
for manufacturing control, research, and development.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.4 The techniques described have been routinely used for
similar purposes on larger specimens throughout the ceramics
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-21 on
industry for many years.
Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee C21.03 on Fundamental Properties.
6. Apparatus
Current edition approved June 29, 1978. Published August 1978. Originally
published as F 417 – 75 T. Last previous edition F 417 – 75 T. 6.1 Testing Machine capable of providing a uniform stress
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.02.
rate of 200 6 30 ksi/min (19.5 to 26.4 MPa/s, or 120 to 162
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.
4 kgf/mm ·min) as verified in accordance with Practices E 4E4.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
F 417 – 78 (1996)
The machine shall contain a load- or force-measuring cell with (0.13-mm) crossfeed per pass. Do all grinding in a direction
a resolution of 0.2 % of full scale or better on a scale parallel with the length of the bar. Remove approximately
appropriate to the material under test; normally, full scale need equal stock from opposite faces.
not exceed 25 lbf (110 N, or 11 kgf) for typical ceramic 9.3 Finished dimensions of the specimen shall be 0.0706
materials. The given stress rate corresponds to a load rate of 0.003 by 0.070 6 0.003 by 1.125 in. (1.78 6 0.078 by 1.78 6
about 50 6 8 lbf/min (3.7 6 0.6 N/s) or to a bending strain rate 0.078 by 28.58 mm) minimum. The angle between adjacent
(crosshead speed on some machines) of (7 6 1) 3 10 /E faces shall be 90 6 1°.
in.·min ((1.98 6 0.30) 3 10 /E mm·s), where E is Young’s 9.4 Test the specimens for porosity in accordance with
modulus, or modulus of elasticity, of the specimen material MethodDofMethodsD 116D116.Rejectaspecimenifoneor
expressed in psi (MPa) (Note 1). more cracks, porous areas, or closed chips are observed or if
6.1.1 The specimen shall be supported in a horizontal plane thereareanyopenchipsgreaterthan0.005in.(0.13mm)inthe
on two identical steel (preferably hardened) or ceramic cylin- portion of the specimen that will lie between the supporting
drical supports, each having a radius of 0.125 in. (3.18 mm), cylinders.
whose cylindrical axes are nominally parallel and located in a 9.5 Clean the specimens in detergent and hot water, fol-
horizontal plane. These axes shall be 1.000 6 0.003 in. (25.40 lowed by a hot-water rinse. During cleaning, the specimens
6 0.08 mm) apart; one support shall be mounted to permit may be ultrasonically agitated for up to 5 min. Dry the
rotation of its axis in a vertical plane (90 6 1° to the long specimens in an oven at 300 to 400°F (or 150 to 200°C) for
...
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