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ASTM E2637-17

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Utilizing the Environmental Cost Element Structure Presented by Classification

Standard Guide for Utilizing the Environmental Cost Element Structure Presented by Classification <astmref design="E2150"/>

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In addition to its cost management and project management functions, the ECES can also be used to support a number of other program and project functions. These functions include:  
5.1.1 Bid solicitation, collection, and evaluation;  
5.1.2 Communicating project data between installations, complexes, agencies, and industry;  
5.1.3 Providing a project checklist;  
5.1.4 Cost and schedule estimating;  
5.1.5 Historical cost/schedule data collection;  
5.1.6 Historical project data collection (for example, technology deployments, project conditions);  
5.1.7 Validating and calibrating cost estimates and software tools; and  
5.1.8 Establishing and disseminating best practices and lessons learned.  
5.2 Several government agencies are already incorporating this structure into existing and future cost estimating models, databases, and other similar software tools and systems.
SCOPE
1.1 The Environmental Cost Element Structure (ECES) covered by Classification E2150 (and Adjunct E2150) provides a consistent and comprehensive structure across all phases of environmental remediation projects and is a tool to improve the cost management of those projects. This guide is intended to facilitate the application of the ECES to any environmental remediation project, without regard to project size.  
1.2 Classification E2150 establishes the broad, top-level framework for environmental remediation projects by providing a hierarchical list of project elements to two levels of detail. Its associated Adjunct E2150 supports the top-level structure by providing more detailed elements and definitions of the ECES to three additional levels of detail. Although it is assumed that the user is familiar with Classification E2150, much of the content of the classification is repeated in this guide to relieve the user of the burden of back-and-forth referencing during use. It is assumed, however, that all users of this guide will have at hand both Classification E2150 and the Adjunct E2150 during project planning.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
28-Feb-2017
ICS
13.020.10 - Environmental management
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.81 - Building Economics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM E631-14 - Standard Terminology of Building Constructions
Effective Date
01-Nov-2014
Refers
ASTM E631-15 - Standard Terminology of Building Constructions
Effective Date
01-Mar-2015
Refers
ASTM E917-15 - Standard Practice for Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of Buildings and Building Systems
Effective Date
01-Oct-2015
Refers
ASTM E917-17 - Standard Practice for Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of Buildings and Building Systems
Effective Date
01-Sep-2017
Referred By
ASTM E2137-22 - Standard Guide for Estimating Monetary Costs and Liabilities for Environmental Matters
Effective Date
01-Mar-2017
Referred By
ASTM E2150-17 - Standard Classification for Life-Cycle Environmental Work Elements&#x2014;Environmental Cost Element Structure
Effective Date
01-Mar-2017

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:E2637 −17
Standard Guide for
Utilizing the Environmental Cost Element Structure
1
Presented by Classification E2150
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2637; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 The Environmental Cost Element Structure (ECES)
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
coveredbyClassificationE2150(andAdjunctE2150)provides
E833 Terminology of Building Economics
a consistent and comprehensive structure across all phases of
E917 Practice for Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of Buildings
environmentalremediationprojectsandisatooltoimprovethe
and Building Systems
cost management of those projects. This guide is intended to
E2150 Classification for Life-Cycle Environmental Work
facilitate the application of the ECES to any environmental
Elements—Environmental Cost Element Structure
remediation project, without regard to project size.
3
2.2 ASTM Adjunct:
1.2 Classification E2150 establishes the broad, top-level
Adjunct E2150 Adjunct to Classification E2150: Environ-
framework for environmental remediation projects by provid-
mental Cost Element Structure at Levels 3, 4, and 5 and
ingahierarchicallistofprojectelementstotwolevelsofdetail.
Definitions
Its associated Adjunct E2150 supports the top-level structure
by providing more detailed elements and definitions of the
3. Terminology
ECES to three additional levels of detail. Although it is
assumed that the user is familiar with Classification E2150,
3.1 Definitions—Fordefinitionsofgeneraltermsusedinthis
much of the content of the classification is repeated in this
guide,refertoTerminologyE631,andforgeneraltermsrelated
guide to relieve the user of the burden of back-and-forth
to building economics, refer to Terminology E833.
referencing during use. It is assumed, however, that all users of
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
this guide will have at hand both Classification E2150 and the
3.2.1 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensa-
Adjunct E2150 during project planning.
tion and Liability Act (CERCLA)—A congressional mandate,
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as also known as Superfund, CERCLA prescribes actions and
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this regulatory requirements for reducing risks to human health and
standard. the environment resulting from releases or threatened releases
of hazardous substances into the environment.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.2.2 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)—A
congressional mandate that requires the management of regu-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- lated hazardous wastes and requires that permits be obtained
for facilities (both public and private) that treat, store, or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
dispose of hazardous wastes. RCRAalso establishes standards
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
for these facilities and requires corrective actions (for example,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
remediation) of past releases of hazardous waste from regu-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
lated waste management units.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.3 Acronyms:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.3.1 AST—Aboveground Storage Tank
1 2
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.81 on Building contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Economics. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved March 1, 2017. Published May 2017. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E2637-13. DOI: Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
10.1520/E2637-17. ADJE2150A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 -------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E2637 − 13 E2637 − 17
Standard Guide for
Utilizing the Environmental Cost Element Structure
1
Presented by Classification E2150E2150
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2637; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 The Environmental Cost Element Structure (ECES) covered by Classification E2150 (and Adjunct E2150) provides a
consistent and comprehensive structure across all phases of environmental remediation projects and is a tool to improve the cost
management of those projects. This guide is intended to facilitate the application of the ECES to any environmental remediation
project, without regard to project size.
1.2 Classification E2150 establishes the broad, top-level framework for environmental remediation projects by providing a
hierarchical list of project elements to two levels of detail. Its associated Adjunct E2150 supports the top-level structure by
providing more detailed elements and definitions of the ECES to three additional levels of detail. Although it is assumed that the
user is familiar with Classification E2150, much of the content of the classification is repeated in this guide to relieve the user of
the burden of back-and-forth referencing during use. It is assumed, however, that all users of this guide will have at hand both
Classification E2150 and the Adjunct Adjunct E2150E2150 during project planning.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
E833 Terminology of Building Economics
E917 Practice for Measuring Life-Cycle Costs of Buildings and Building Systems
E2150 Classification for Life-Cycle Environmental Work Elements—Environmental Cost Element Structure
3
2.2 ASTM Adjunct:
Adjunct E2150 Adjunct to Classification E2150: Environmental Cost Element Structure at Levels 3, 4, and 5 and Definitions
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of general terms used in this guide, refer to Terminology E631, and for general terms related
to building economics, refer to Terminology E833.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA)—A congressional mandate, also
known as Superfund, CERCLA prescribes actions and regulatory requirements for reducing risks to human health and the
environment resulting from releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances into the environment.
1
This practiceguide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.81 on Building
Economics.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2013March 1, 2017. Published September 2013May 2017. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20082013
as E2637 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/E2637-13.-13. DOI: 10.1520/E2637-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJE2150A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2637 − 17
3.2.2 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)—A congressional mandate that requires the management of regulated
hazardous wastes and requires that permits be obtained for facilities (both public and private) that treat, stor
...

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Standard Practice for Environmental Site Assessments: Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Process for Forestland or Rural Property

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Uses—This practice is intended for use on a voluntary basis by parties who wish to assess the environmental condition of forestland or rural property taking into account commonly known and reasonably ascertainable information. While use of this practice is intended to constitute all appropriate inquiries for purposes of the LLPs, it is not intended that its use be limited to that purpose. This practice is intended primarily as an approach to conducting an inquiry designed to identify recognized environmental conditions in connection with a property. No implication is intended that a person must use this practice in order to be deemed to have conducted inquiry in a commercially prudent or reasonable manner in any particular transaction. Nevertheless, this practice is intended to reflect a commercially prudent and reasonable inquiry. (See section 1.6.)  
4.2 Clarifications on Use:  
4.2.1 Use Not Limited to CERCLA—This practice is designed to assist the user in developing information about the environmental condition of a property and as such, has utility for a wide range of persons, including those who may have no actual or potential CERCLA liability and/or may not be seeking the LLPs.  
4.2.2 Residential Occupants/Lessees/Purchasers and Others—No implication is intended that it is currently customary practice for residential occupants/lessees of multifamily residential buildings, occupants/lessees of single-family homes or other residential real estate, or purchasers of dwellings for one's own residential use, to conduct an environmental site assessment in connection with these transactions. Thus, these transactions are not included in the term forestland or rural property transactions, and it is not intended to imply that such persons are obligated to conduct an environmental site assessment in connection with these transactions for purposes of all appropriate inquiries or for any other purpose. In addition, no implication is intended that it is currently c...
SCOPE
1.1 Purpose—The purpose of this practice is to provide an alternative method to ASTM E1527 for good commercial and customary practice in the United States of America for conducting a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment2 of forestland or rural property with respect to the range of contaminants within the scope of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and petroleum products. As such, this practice is intended to permit a user to satisfy one of the requirements to qualify for the innocent landowner, contiguous property  owner, or bona fide prospective purchaser limitations on CERCLA liability (hereinafter, the “landowner liability protections,” or “LLPs”): that is, the practice that constitutes “all appropriate inquiries” into the previous ownership and uses of the property consistent with good commercial or customary practice” as defined at 42 U.S.C. §9601(35)(B). (See Appendix X1 for an outline of CERCLA's liability and defense provisions.) Controlled substances are not included within the scope of this standard. Persons conducting an environmental site assessment as part of an EPA Brownfields Assessment and Characterization Grant awarded under CERCLA 42 U.S.C. §9604(k)(2)(B) must include controlled substances as defined in the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. §802) within the scope of the assessment investigations to the extent directed in the terms and conditions of the specific grant or cooperative agreement.  
1.1.1 Standard Practice Selection—The methodology included in this practice is an effective and practical process for achieving the objectives of a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment of forestland or rural property when some of the methodologies of ASTM E1527 are deemed to be impractical or unnecessary due to the size or nature of the property. This practice is intended to provide a more practical approach to assess rural and forestland properties that are g...

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ASTM
ASTM D7048-16(Guide)
Standard Guide for Applying Statistical Methods for Assessment and Corrective Action Environmental Monitoring Programs

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The principal use of this standard is in assessment, compliance and corrective action environmental monitoring programs (for example, for a facility that could potentially contaminate groundwater). The significance of the guidance is that it presents a statistical method that allows comparison of groundwater data to regulatory and/or health based limits.  
5.2 Of course, there is considerable support for statistical methods applied to detection, assessment and corrective action monitoring programs that can be applied to environmental sites.  
Note 1: For example, in the United States, the 90 % upper confidence limit (UCL) of the mean is used in USEPA’s SW846 (Chapter 9) for determining if a waste is hazardous. If the UCL is less than the criterion for a particular hazardous waste code, then the waste is not a hazardous waste even if certain individual measurements exceed the criterion. Similarly, in the USEPA Statistical Analysis of Groundwater Monitoring Data at RCRA Facilities Addendum to the Interim Final Guidance (1992) (2), confidence intervals for the mean and various upper percentiles of the distribution are advocated for assessment and corrective action. Interestingly, both the 1989 and 1992 USEPA guidance documents (2, 3) suggest use of the lower 95 % confidence limit (LCL) as a tool for determining whether a criterion has been exceeded in assessment monitoring.
The latest guidance in this area calls for use of the LCL in assessment monitoring and the UCL in corrective action. In this way, corrective action is only triggered if there is a high degree of confidence that the true concentration has exceeded the criterion or standard, whereas corrective action continues until there is a high degree of confidence that the true concentration is below the criterion or standard. This is the general approach adopted in this guide, as well.  
5.3 There are several reasons why statistical methods are needed in assessment and corrective action monitoring pr...
SCOPE
1.1 The scope and purpose of this guidance is to present a variety of statistical approaches for assessment, compliance and corrective action environmental monitoring programs. Although the methods provided here are appropriate and often optimal for many environmental monitoring problems, they do not preclude use of other statistical approaches that may be equally or even more useful for certain site-specific applications.  
1.2 In the following sections, the details of select statistical procedures used in assessment and corrective action programs for environmental monitoring (soil, groundwater, air, surface water, and waste streams) are presented.  
1.3 The statistical methodology described in the following sections should be used as guidance. Other methods may also be appropriate based on site-specific conditions or for monitoring situations or media that are not presented in this document.  
1.4 This practice offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education, experience and professional judgements. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word Standard in the title of this document only means that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

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ASTM
ASTM D5980-16(Guide)
Standard Guide for Selection and Documentation of Existing Wells for Use in Environmental Site Characterization and Monitoring

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide describes a general approach for the use of existing wells in environmental investigations with a primary focus on the subsurface and major factors affecting the surface and subsurface environment.  
4.2 Existing wells represent a valuable source of information for subsurface environmental investigations. Specific uses of existing wells include:  
4.2.1 Well driller logs provide information on subsurface lithology and major water-bearing units in an area. Existing wells can also offer access for downhole geophysical logging for stratigraphic and aquifer interpretations. Examples include natural gamma logs in cased wells and an entire suite of methods in uncased bedrock wells (see Guide D5753). This information can assist in developing the preliminary conceptual model of the site.  
4.2.2 Well tests using existing wells may provide information on the hydrologic characteristics of an aquifer.  
4.2.3 Monitoring of water levels in existing wells, provided that they are cased in the aquifer of interest, allow development of potentiometric maps and interpretations of groundwater flow directions and gradients.  
4.2.4 Existing wells are the primary means by which regional drinking water quality is evaluated and monitored.  
4.2.5 Existing wells may assist in the mapping of contaminant plumes, and in ongoing monitoring of groundwater quality changes at the site-specific level.  
4.3 Data from existing wells should only be used when characteristics of the well have been sufficiently documented to determine that they satisfy criteria for the purpose for which the data are to be used.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of existing wells for environmental site characterization and monitoring. It covers the following major topics: criteria for determining the suitability of existing wells for hydrogeologic characterization and groundwater quality monitoring, types of data needed to document the suitability of an existing well, and the relative advantages and disadvantages of existing large- and small-capacity wells.  
1.2 This guide should be used in conjunction with Guide D5730, that provides a general approach for environmental site investigations.  
1.3 This guide does not specifically address design and construction of new monitoring or supply wells. Refer to Practices D5092 and D5787.  
1.4 This guide does not specifically address groundwater sampling procedures. Refer to Guide D5903.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This guide cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This guide is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this guide be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.

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ASTM
ASTM A370-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The primary use of these test methods is testing to determine the specified mechanical properties of steel, stainless steel, and related alloy products for the evaluation of conformance of such products to a material specification under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 and its subcommittees as designated by a purchaser in a purchase order or contract.  
4.1.1 These test methods may be and are used by other ASTM Committees and other standards writing bodies for the purpose of conformance testing.  
4.1.2 The material condition at the time of testing, sampling frequency, specimen location and orientation, reporting requirements, and other test parameters are contained in the pertinent material specification or in a general requirement specification for the particular product form.  
4.1.3 Some material specifications require the use of additional test methods not described herein; in such cases, the required test method is described in that material specification or by reference to another appropriate test method standard.  
4.2 These test methods are also suitable to be used for testing of steel, stainless steel and related alloy materials for other purposes, such as incoming material acceptance testing by the purchaser or evaluation of components after service exposure.  
4.2.1 As with any mechanical testing, deviations from either specification limits or expected as-manufactured properties can occur for valid reasons besides deficiency of the original as-fabricated product. These reasons include, but are not limited to: subsequent service degradation from environmental exposure (for example, temperature, corrosion); static or cyclic service stress effects, mechanically-induced damage, material inhomogeneity, anisotropic structure, natural aging of select alloys, further processing not included in the specification, sampling limitations, and measuring equipment calibration uncertainty. There is statistical variation in all aspects of mechanical testin...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods2 cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.  
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:    
Sections  
Tension  
7 to 14  
Bend  
15  
Hardness  
16  
Brinell  
17  
Rockwell  
18  
Portable  
19  
Impact  
20 to 30  
Keywords  
32  
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products are appended to these test methods as follows:    
Annex  
Bar Products  
Annex A1  
Tubular Products  
Annex A2  
Fasteners  
Annex A3  
Round Wire Products  
Annex A4  
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing  
Annex A5  
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to
Equivalents for Flat Specimens  
Annex A6    
Testing Multi-Wire Strand  
Annex A7  
Rounding of Test Data  
Annex A8  
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars  
Annex A9  
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-cycle Simulation  
Annex A10  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 When these test methods are referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 in. or 8 in. may be report...

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ASTM
ASTM D3495-10(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hexane Extraction of Leather

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method measures the amount of hexane-soluble lubricant present in all types of leather. Adequate lubrication prevents abrasion of leather fibers during flexing. This lubrication is generally obtained from the fat liquor added at the tannery. Some lubrication is also obtained from natural grease produced during the life of the animal.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative extraction of all types of leather with hexane. This test method does not apply to wet blue.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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