ASTM D2360-08

Standard Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The determination of hydrocarbon impurities contained in toluene and mixed xylenes used as chemical intermediates and solvents is typically required. This test is suitable for setting specifications and for use as an internal quality control tool where aromatic monocyclic hydrocarbons are produced or are used. This test method is applicable for determining the impurities from the aromatic hydrocarbon production process. Typical impurities are alkanes containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene (EB), xylenes, and aromatic hydrocarbons containing nine carbon atoms.
Refer to Test Methods D 3797, D 3798, and D 4492 for determining the purity of o-Xylene,  p-Xylene, and benzene, respectively.
Refer to Test Method D 6563 for determining the C8 aromatic hydrocarbon distribution in mixed xylenes.
Purity is commonly reported by subtracting the determined expected impurities from 100.00. However, a gas chromatographic analysis cannot determine absolute purity if unknown or undetected components are contained within the material being examined.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total nonaromatic hydrocarbons, and trace monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the purity of toluene and mixed xylenes by gas chromatography.
1.2 Nonaromatic aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 through 10 carbon atoms (methane through decanes) can be detected by this test method at concentrations ranging from 0.001 % to 2.500 weight %.
1.2.1 A small amount of benzene in mixed xylenes may not be distinguished from the nonaromatics and the concentrations are determined as a composite.
1.3 Monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon impurities containing 6 through 9 carbon atoms (benzene through C9 aromatics) can be detected by this test method at individual concentrations ranging from 0.001 % to 1.000 weight %.
1.4 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E 29.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2007
• ICS: 71.080.15 - Aromatic hydrocarbons
• Technical Committee: D16 - Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals
• Drafting Committee: D16.01 - Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D2360-07 - Standard Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D7504-23 - Standard Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography and Effective Carbon Number
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D5917-15(2019) - Standard Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography and External Calibration
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D268-22 - Standard Guide for Sampling and Testing Volatile Solvents and Chemical Intermediates for Use in Paint and Related Coatings and Material
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2360 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by
1
Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total 2.1 ASTM Standards:
nonaromatic hydrocarbons, and trace monocyclic aromatic D841 Specification for Nitration Grade Toluene
hydrocarbonsinthepurityoftolueneandmixedxylenesbygas D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic
chromatography. Products
1.2 Nonaromatic aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 D3797 Test Method for Analysis of o-Xylene by Gas
through 10 carbon atoms (methane through decanes) can be Chromatography
detected by this test method at concentrations ranging from D3798 Test Method for Analysis of p-Xylene by Gas
3
0.001% to 2.500 weight %. Chromatography
1.2.1 Asmall amount of benzene in mixed xylenes may not D4492 Test Method forAnalysis of Benzene by Gas Chro-
be distinguished from the nonaromatics and the concentrations matography
are determined as a composite. D4790 TerminologyofAromaticHydrocarbonsandRelated
1.3 Monocyclicaromatichydrocarbonimpuritiescontaining Chemicals
6 through 9 carbon atoms (benzene through C aromatics) can D5211 Specification for Xylenes for p-Xylene Feedstock
9
be detected by this test method at individual concentrations D6563 Test Method for Benzene, Toluene, Xylene (BTX)
ranging from 0.001% to 1.000 weight %. Concentrates Analysis by Gas Chromatography
1.4 In determining the conformance of the test results using D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance
this method to applicable specifications, results shall be Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Ma-
rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of terials
Practice E29. E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as Determine Conformance with Specifications
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
standard. E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Rela-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the tionships
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- Determine the Precision of a Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
statement, see Section 9.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on
2
Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Subcommittee D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Derivatives. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008. Published January 2008. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D2360–07. DOI: Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
10.1520/D2360-08. on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D2360 – 08
TABLE 1 Instrumental Parameters
2.2 Other Document:
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and Detector Flame ionization
4 Column:
1910.1200
Tubing fused silica
A
Stationary phase crosslinked polyethylene glycol
3. Terminology
Film thickness, µ 0.25
Length, m 60
3.1 Definitions:
Diameter, mm 0.32 ID
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this test method see
Temperatures:
Injector, °C 270
Terminology D4790.
Detector, °C 300
Oven:
4. Summary of Test Method
Initial, °C 60
Time 1, min 10
4.1 Aknown amount of an internal standard is added to the
Final, °C 150
specimen that is then introduced into a gas chromatograph
Rate, °C/min 5
(GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID). The Time 2, min 10
Carrier gas helium
peak area of each impurity and the internal stand
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2360–07 Designation: D 2360 – 08
Standard Test Method for
Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by
1
Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2360; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the total nonaromatic hydrocarbons, and trace monocyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons in the purity of toluene and mixed xylenes by gas chromatography.
1.2 Nonaromatic aliphatic hydrocarbons containing 1 through 10 carbon atoms (methane through decanes) can be detected by
this test method at concentrations ranging from 0.001% to 2.500 weight %.
1.2.1 Asmall amount of benzene in mixed xylenes may not be distinguished from the nonaromatics and the concentrations are
determined as a composite.
1.3 Monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon impurities containing 6 through 9 carbon atoms (benzene through C aromatics) can be
9
detected by this test method at individual concentrations ranging from 0.001% to 1.000 weight %.
1.4 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded
off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statement, see Section 9.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D841 Specification for Nitration Grade Toluene
D2306Test Method for C Aromatic Hydrocarbon Analysis by Gas Chromatography
8
D3437 Practice for Sampling and Handling Liquid Cyclic Products
D3797 Test Method for Analysis of o-Xylene by Gas Chromatography
D3798 Test Method for Analysis of p-Xylene by Gas Chromatography
D4492 Test Method for Analysis of Benzene by Gas Chromatography
D4790 Terminology of Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals
D5211 Specification for Xylenes for p-Xylene Feedstock
D6563 Test Method for Benzene, Toluene, Xylene (BTX) Concentrates Analysis by Gas Chromatography
D6809 Guide for Quality Control and Quality Assurance Procedures for Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Materials
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D16 onAromatic Hydrocarbons and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D16.01 on Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, Cyclohexane and Their Derivatives.
Current edition approved JuneJan. 1, 2007.2008. Published June 2007.January 2008. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20042007 as
D2360–04a.D2360–07.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,[e-mail] Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2360–08
2.2 Other Document:
3
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR paragraphs 1910.1000 and 1910.1200
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definition of terms used in this test method see Terminology D4790.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A known amount of an internal standard is added to the specimen that is then introduced into a gas chromatograph (GC)
equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID). The peak area of each impurity and the internal standard is measured and the
amount of each impurity is calculated fr
...