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ASTM D2273-97

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils

Standard Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace amounts (less than 0.05 volume%) of sediment in lubricating oils. Since oil-soluble material precipitated by the specified solvent is not intended as part of the measured sediment, the test method is not applicable in cases where precipitated oil-soluble components will appreciably contribute to the sediment readings.
1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.>

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-1997
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.06.0B - Physical Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D2273-97(2002)e1 - Standard Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D8506-23 - Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination and Biodeterioration in Turbine Oils and Turbine Oil Systems
Effective Date
10-Dec-1997
Referred By
ASTM D6224-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Lubricating Oil for Auxiliary Power Plant Equipment
Effective Date
10-Dec-1997
Referred By
ASTM D4378-22 - Standard Practice for In-Service Monitoring of Mineral Turbine Oils for Steam, Gas, and Combined Cycle Turbines
Effective Date
10-Dec-1997
Referred By
ASTM F2332-06(2022) - Standard Specification for Annular Ball Bearings for Instruments and Precision Rotating Components
Effective Date
10-Dec-1997

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ASTM D2273-97 - Standard Test Method for Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 2273 – 97 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Trace Sediment in Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2273; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. This test method has been adopted for use by
government agencies to replace Method 3004 of Federal Test Method Standard No. 791b.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace 4.1 This test measures the trace level amount of sediment
amounts (less than 0.05 volume %) of sediment in lubricating that is naphtha-insoluble and can be separated by centrifuging.
oils. Since oil-soluble material precipitated by the specified Excessive amounts of sediment in oil could lead to system
solvent is not intended as part of the measured sediment, the malfunction in critical applications.
test method is not applicable in cases where precipitated
5. Apparatus
oil-soluble components will appreciably contribute to the
sediment readings. 5.1 Centrifuge, meeting all the safety requirements for
normal use and capable of whirling two or more filled
1.2 The values stated in acceptable SI units are to be
regarded as the standard. centrifuge tubes at a speed which can be controlled to give a
relative centrifugal force (rcf) between 600 and 700 at the tip
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the of the tubes. The revolving head, trunnion rings, and trunnion
cups, including the rubber cushion, shall be soundly con-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- structed to withstand the maximum centrifugal force capable of
being delivered by the power source. The trunnion cups and
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
cushions shall firmly support the tubes when the centrifuge is
2. Referenced Documents
in motion. The centrifuge shall be enclosed by a metal shield or
2.1 ASTM Standards: case strong enough to eliminate danger if any breakage occurs.
D 86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products Calculate the speed of the rotating head as follows:
D 611 Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline
rpm 5 1337 rcf/d (1)
=
Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrcarbon Solvents
where:
D 1298 Practice for Density, Relative Density (Specific
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
rcf 5 relative centrifugal force, and
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
d 5 diameter of swing, in millimetres, measured between
Petroleum Products
tips of opposite tubes when in rotating position.
D 4177 Practice for Auomatic Sampling of Petroleum and
The relationship between the diameter swing, relative cen-
Petroleum Products
trifugal force, and revolutions per minute is given in Table 1.
5.2 Centrifuge Tube, cone-shaped, conforming to the di-
3. Terminology
mensions given in Fig. 1, and made of thoroughly annealed
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
glass. The graduations, numbered as shown in Fig. 1, shall be
3.1.1 trace sediment, n—the number of millilitres of sedi-
clear and distinct, and the mouth shall be constructed in a shape
ment precipitated from 100 mL of oil sample (volume percent)
suitable for closure with a cork. Scale-error tolerances and
when equal parts of the oil sample and the specified solvent are
smallest graduations between various calibration marks are
mixed and centrifuged under the prescribed conditions.
given in Table 2 and apply to calibrations made with redistilled
mercury up to the 0.30-mL mark and distilled water for all
remaining marks at 20°C.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants. 6. Reagent
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 1997. Published September 1998. Originally
e1 6.1 ASTM Precipitation Naphtha (Warning—see Note 1,
published as D 2273 – 64 T. Last previous edition D 2273 – 86 (1992) .
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 2273
TABLE 1 Rotation Speeds for Centrifuges of Various Diameters should either be filtered through a membrane filter or centrifuged several
A times and decanted just prior to its use.
Diameter of Swing, mm RPM at 600 rcf RPM at 700 rcf
483 1490 1610
7. Sampling
508 1450 1570
533 1420 1530
7.1 Refer to Practice D 4057 (manual) or D 4177 (auto-
559 1390 1500
matic) for recommended practices for obtaining samples.
A
Measured in mm between tips of opposite tubes when rotating-position.
7.2 The sample shall be thoroughly representative of the
material in question and the portion used for the test shall be
thoroughly representative of the sample itself. This requires
vigorous agitation of the sample immediately before transfer-
ring the sample to the tube. The difficulties in obtaining
representative samples for this determination are unusually
great; hence, the importance of sampling cannot be too
strongly emphasized.
8. Proc
...

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FIG. 2 Solid Forgings
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