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ASTM D7798-15

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)

Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum distillate fractions provides an insight into the composition of feed stocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. A major advantage of the fast analysis time obtained by this test method is increasing product through put and reduced lab testing time by a minimum factor of 3. This gas chromatographic determination of boiling range may be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations and for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products and biodiesel formulations, B5, B10, and B20. It is applicable to petroleum distillates having a final boiling point not greater than 538 °C or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. The difference between the initial boiling point and the final boiling point shall be greater than 55 °C.  
1.2 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum distillates containing low molecular weight components (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, full range crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous mixtures (for example, alcohols, ethers, acids or esters, except biodiesels) or residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test Methods D3710, D7096, D6352, or D7169.  
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. This test method uses gas chromatographic components that allow the entire analysis from sample to sample to occur in 5 min or less. In these instruments the column is heated directly at rates 10 to 15 times that of a conventional gas chromatograph and thus the analysis time is reduced from sample to sample.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4.1 Exception—Appendix X1 includes temperatures in Fahrenheit for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2015
ICS
75.080 - Petroleum products in general
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.04.0H - Chromatographic Distribution Methods
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D7798-15 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)ASTM D7798-15 - Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas Chromatography (UF GC)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7798 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with
Final Boiling Points up to 538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas
1
Chromatography (UF GC)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftheboiling
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
range distribution of petroleum products and biodiesel
Atmospheric Pressure
formulations, B5, B10, and B20. It is applicable to petroleum
D1160TestMethodforDistillationofPetroleumProductsat
distillates having a final boiling point not greater than 538°C
Reduced Pressure
or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test
D2887Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
method.Thedifferencebetweentheinitialboilingpointandthe
troleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
final boiling point shall be greater than 55°C.
D2892Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
1.2 The test method is not applicable for analysis of
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
petroleum distillates containing low molecular weight compo-
D3710TestMethodforBoilingRangeDistributionofGaso-
nents (for example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, full range
line and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography
crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous mixtures (for
3
(Withdrawn 2014)
example, alcohols, ethers, acids or esters, except biodiesels) or
D4626Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test
Response Factors
Methods D3710, D7096, D6352,or D7169.
D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distil-
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
lation methodology. This test method uses gas chromato- Lubricants
graphic components that allow the entire analysis from sample
D6352Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
to sample to occur in 5min or less. In these instruments the troleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174°C to
column is heated directly at rates 10 to 15 times that of a 700°C by Gas Chromatography
conventional gas chromatograph and thus the analysis time is D6708Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
reduced from sample to sample. of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D7096Test Method for Determination of the Boiling Range
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Distribution of Gasoline by Wide-Bore Capillary Gas
standard.
Chromatography
1.4.1 Exception—Appendix X1 includes temperatures in
D7169 Test Method for Boiling Point Distribution of
Fahrenheit for information only.
Samples with Residues Such as Crude Oils and Atmo-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
spheric and Vacuum Residues by High Temperature Gas
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Chromatography
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsandRelation-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ships
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
E594Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.04.0H on Chromatographic Distribution Methods. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7798–13. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D7798-15. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7798 − 15
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography shortened. Thus, cycle times of 5min or less (heating and
E1510Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular cooling) is achieved. A non-polar capillary gas chromato-
Capillary Columns in G
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7798 − 13 D7798 − 15
Standard Test Method for
Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates with
Final Boiling Points up to 538°C538 °C by Ultra Fast Gas
1
Chromatography (UF GC)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7798; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products and biodiesel
formulations, B5, B10, and B20. It is applicable to petroleum distillates having a final boiling point not greater than 538°C538 °C
or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. The difference between the initial boiling point and the final
boiling point shall be greater than 55°C.55 °C.
1.2 The test method is not applicable for analysis of petroleum distillates containing low molecular weight components (for
example naphthas, reformates, gasolines, full range crude oils). Materials containing heterogeneous mixtures (for example,
alcohols, ethers, acids or esters, except biodiesels) or residue are not to be analyzed by this test method. See Test Methods D3710,
D7096, D6352, or D7169.
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology. This test method uses gas chromatographic
components that allow the entire analysis from sample to sample to occur in 5 min 5 min or less. In these instruments the column
is heated directly at rates 10–15 10 to 15 times that of a conventional gas chromatograph and thus the analysis time is reduced
from sample to sample.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4.1 Exception—Appendix X1 includes temperatures in Fahrenheit for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure
D1160 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)
D3710 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Gasoline and Gasoline Fractions by Gas Chromatography (Withdrawn
3
2014)
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6352 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Distillates in Boiling Range from 174 °C to 700 °C by Gas
Chromatography
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.04.0H on Chromatographic Distribution Methods.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2015. Published April 2013November 2015. Originally approved in 2013. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as
D7798 – 13. DOI: 10.1520/D7798-13.10.1520/D7798-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7798 − 15
D7096 Test Method for Determination of the Boiling Range Distribution of Gasoline by Wide-Bore Capillary Gas
Chromatography
D7169 Test Method for Boiling Point Distribution of Samples with Residues Such as Crude Oils and Atmospheric and Vacuum
Re
...

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SCOPE
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5.4 Although this practice was developed using kinematic viscosity and volume fraction of each component, the dynamic viscosity or mass fraction, or both, may be used instead with minimal error if the densities of the components do not differ greatly. For fuel blends, it was found that viscosity blending using mass fractions gave more accurate results. For base stock blends, there was no significant difference between mass fraction and volume fraction calculations.  
5.5 The calculations described in this practice have been computerized as a spreadsheet and are available as an adjunct.3
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the procedures for calculating the estimated kinematic viscosity of a blend of two or more petroleum products, such as lubricating oil base stocks, fuel components, residual fuel oil with kerosene, crude oils, and related products, from their kinematic viscosities and blend fractions.  
1.2 This practice allows for the estimation of the fraction of each of two petroleum products needed to prepare a blend meeting a specific viscosity.  
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to other types of products, or to materials which exhibit strong non-Newtonian properties, such as viscosity index improvers, additive packages, and products containing particulates.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Logarithms may be either common logarithms or natural logarithms, as long as the same are used consistently. This practice uses common logarithms. If natural logarithms are used, the inverse function, exp(×), must be used in place of the base 10 exponential function, 10×, used herein.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4952-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Qualitative Analysis for Active Sulfur Species in Fuels and Solvents (Doctor Test)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Sulfur present as mercaptans or as hydrogen sulfide in distillate fuels and solvents can attack many metallic and non-metallic materials in fuel and other distribution systems. A negative result in the doctor test ensures that the concentration of these compounds is insufficient to cause such problems in normal use.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is intended primarily for the detection of mercaptans in motor fuel, kerosine, and similar petroleum products. This method may also provide information on hydrogen sulfide and elemental sulfur that may be present in these sample types.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  For specific warning statements, see 7.3.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2887-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The boiling range distribution of petroleum fractions provides an insight into the composition of feedstocks and products related to petroleum refining processes. The gas chromatographic simulation of this determination can be used to replace conventional distillation methods for control of refining operations. This test method can be used for product specification testing with the mutual agreement of interested parties.  
5.2 Boiling range distributions obtained by this test method are essentially equivalent to those obtained by true boiling point (TBP) distillation (see Test Method D2892). They are not equivalent to results from low efficiency distillations such as those obtained with Test Method D86 or D1160.  
5.3 Procedure B was tested with biodiesel mixtures and reports the Boiling Point Distribution of FAME esters of vegetable and animal origin mixed with ultra low sulfur diesel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the boiling range distribution of petroleum products. The test method is applicable to petroleum products and fractions having a final boiling point of 538 °C (1000 °F) or lower at atmospheric pressure as measured by this test method. This test method is limited to samples having a boiling range greater than 55.5 °C (100 °F), and having a vapor pressure sufficiently low to permit sampling at ambient temperature.
Note 1: Since a boiling range is the difference between two temperatures, only the constant of 1.8 °F/°C is used in the conversion of the temperature range from one system of units to another.  
1.1.1 Procedure A (Sections 6 – 14)—Allows a larger selection of columns and analysis conditions such as packed and capillary columns as well as a Thermal Conductivity Detector in addition to the Flame Ionization Detector. Analysis times range from 14 min to 60 min.  
1.1.2 Procedure B (Sections 15 – 23)—Is restricted to only 3 capillary columns and requires no sample dilution. In addition, Procedure B is used not only for the sample types described in Procedure A but also for the analysis of samples containing biodiesel mixtures B5, B10, and B20. The analysis time, when using Procedure B (Accelerated D2887), is reduced to about 8 min.  
1.2 This test method is not to be used for the analysis of gasoline samples or gasoline components. These types of samples must be analyzed by Test Method D7096.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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