ASTM D6351-99(2005)

Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance of Hydraulic Fluids

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to withstand prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With vegetable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do extended cold storage testing. Quick cool, short-term tests, such as Test Methods D 97 and D 2500, do not adequately predict the tendency to solidify over longer time spans at cold temperatures.
This test method is not intended to indicate cold temperature pumpability performance. A separate assessment of viscometric performance should be made in order to assess cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid system damage in cold temperature applications. Suitable guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various viscosity grades can be found in Practice D 6080.
No specific temperature of measurement is given in this test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have different cold temperature performance expectations. For guidance on temperature selection relative to an intended low temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice D 6080. As an example of using Practice D 6080, a L22 viscosity grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature for that grade, namely -22.9°C. Alternatively, a fluid can be evaluated at the lowest temperature expected for field service.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 6.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2005
• ICS: 75.120 - Hydraulic fluids
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.N0 - Hydraulic Fluids

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6351-99 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance of Hydraulic Fluids
• Effective Date: 01-May-2005
• Replaced By: ASTM D6351-10 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance of Hydraulic Fluids
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D6351–99 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Low Temperature Fluidity and Appearance
1
of Hydraulic Fluids
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6351; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope extended cold storage testing. Quick cool, short-term tests,
such as Test Methods D97 and D2500, do not adequately
1.1 This test method covers the fluidity and appearance of
predict the tendency to solidify over longer time spans at cold
hydraulic fluids after storage at low temperature.
temperatures.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 This test method is not intended to indicate cold
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
temperature pumpability performance. A separate assessment
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of viscometric performance should be made in order to assess
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
cold flow properties, which are important in order to avoid
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
system damage in cold temperature applications. Suitable
statements, see Section 6.
guidelines for such testing and test temperatures for various
2. Referenced Documents
viscosity grades can be found in Practice D6080.
2
4.3 No specific temperature of measurement is given in this
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test method because fluids with different viscosity grades have
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
different cold temperature performance expectations. For guid-
D2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products
ance on temperature selection relative to an intended low
D6080 PracticeforDefiningtheViscosityCharacteristicsof
temperature viscosity grade or ISO VG, consult Practice
Hydraulic Fluids
D6080.As an example of using Practice D 6080D6080, a L22
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
viscosity grade would be evaluated at the lowest temperature
3. Summary of Test Method
for that grade, namely -22.9°C. Alternatively, a fluid can be
evaluated at the lowest temperature expected for field service.
3.1 After preliminary drying to remove trace amounts of
water, the sample is cooled to a specified temperature. After
5. Apparatus
seven consecutive days, the sample is examined for its ability
5.1 Test Jar, cylindrical, of clear glass, flat bottom, 115 to
to flow and observed for homogeneity.
125 mm in height. The inside diameter of the jar can range
4. Significance and Use
from 30.0 to 32.4 mm, with a wall thickness of 1.6 mm
maximum. The jar shall have a line to indicate a sample height
4.1 The temperature at which a lubricant remains fluid and
54 6 3 mm above the inside bottom.
homogeneous after seven days is an index of its ability to
5.2 Thermometers, having ranges shown below and con-
withstand prolonged exposure to cold temperature. With veg-
forming to the requirements prescribed in Specification E1.
etable oils and some synthetic esters, it is necessary to do
Thermometer Temperature Thermometer Number
Range
1
ASTM IP
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
High cloud and pour -38 to +50°C 5C 1C
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
Low cloud and pour -80 to +20°C 6C 2C
D02.N0 on Hydraulic Fluids.
Melting Point +32 to 127°C 61C 63C
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published June 2005. Originally
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D6351–99. DOI:
5.2.1 Since separation of liquid column thermometers occa-
10.1520/D6351-99R05.
2 sionally occurs, thermometers should be checked visually
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM immediately prior to the test.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
5.3 Cork, to fit the test jar.
the ASTM website.
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1

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D6351–99 (2005)
5.4 Bath, either an air or liquid bath maintained at the 7.7 Record the temperature of the thermometer in the
prescribed temperature with a firm support to hold the sample reference jar prepared in accordance with 7.4 just before
jarsvertical.Therequiredbathtemperatureshallbemaintained examining the samples per 7.8.
by refrigeration to within 61°C of the prescribed temperature. 7.8 After168h,immediatelyexaminethesamples.Holdthe
...