ASTM D4822-88(2008)

Standard Guide for Selection of Methods of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial Sediments (Manual Methods)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This guide is general and useful in helping the user to determine an appropriate manual test method for determining the particle size distribution of fluvial sediments. The suggested test methods are not described in this guide, but references are given so that the user may obtain more information about each test method.
It should be noted that different test methods may and often times do produce different particle size distributions for the same sample. This is due in part to the different test methods requiring native or distilled water, differences in dispersion methods used, and differences in what the test method is measuring, that is, physical or sedimentation diameter.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the selection of methods for determining the size distribution of fluvial sediments particles in the range greater than 0.45 μm using manual methods. Manual methods are defined as those methods that require the operator to do some actual measurements and calculations. An automated method would be one which, after the sample is prepared and inserted into an instrument, the instrument (machine) does the measuring and calculations, not the operator. Not all manual methods are presented in this guide. However, where available, at least two methods for each particle size range are given.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2008
• ICS: 13.060.60 - Examination of physical properties of water
• Technical Committee: D19 - Water
• Drafting Committee: D19.07 - Sediments, Geomorphology, and Open-Channel Flow

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4822-88(2003) - Standard Guide for Selection of Methods of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial Sediments (Manual Methods)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Replaced By: ASTM D4822-88(2014) - Standard Guide for Selection of Methods of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial Sediments (Manual Methods)
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2014
• Referred By: ASTM E1391-03(2023) - Standard Guide for Collection, Storage, Characterization, and Manipulation of Sediments for Toxicological Testing and for Selection of Samplers Used to Collect Benthic Invertebrates
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D5387-93(2019) - Standard Guide for Elements of a Complete Data Set for Non-Cohesive Sediments
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D4822 − 88(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Guide for
Selection of Methods of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial
Sediments (Manual Methods)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.2 particle count—a method of particle size analysis in
which the number of particles in the various size ranges are
1.1 This guide covers the selection of methods for deter-
counted manually.
mining the size distribution of fluvial sediments particles in the
3.2.3 particle size—the diameter, usually the intermediate
range greater than 0.45 µm using manual methods. Manual
diameter, of a particle measured by settling, sieving,
methods are defined as those methods that require the operator
micrometric, or direct measurement methods (see 5.2).
to do some actual measurements and calculations. An auto-
mated method would be one which, after the sample is
3.2.4 particle size distribution—the relative amount of a
prepared and inserted into an instrument, the instrument
sediment sample in a range of specific sizes in terms of
(machine) does the measuring and calculations, not the opera-
percentages by mass, volume, or number, finer than a given
tor. Not all manual methods are presented in this guide.
particle size.
However, where available, at least two methods for each
particle size range are given. 4. Summary of Guide
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.1 This guide consists of suggested manual test methods
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for analyzing fluvial sediment samples for particle size distri-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- bution.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Significance and Use
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 This guide is general and useful in helping the user to
2. Referenced Documents
determine an appropriate manual test method for determining
the particle size distribution of fluvial sediments. The sug-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
gested test methods are not described in this guide, but
D422 Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
references are given so that the user may obtain more infor-
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
mation about each test method.
D4410 Terminology for Fluvial Sediment
D4411 Guide for Sampling Fluvial Sediment in Motion
5.2 It should be noted that different test methods may and
often times do produce different particle size distributions for
3. Terminology
the same sample. This is due in part to the different test
methods requiring native or distilled water, differences in
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this guide,
dispersion methods used, and differences in what the test
refer to Terminologies D1129 and D4410.
method is measuring, that is, physical or sedimentation diam-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
eter.
3.2.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to
Terminology D4410.
6. Sampling
6.1 Collect the samples in accordance with Guide D4411 or
“Field Methods for Measurement of Fluvial Sediments” (1).
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.07 on Sediments, Geomorphology,
7. Procedure
and Open-Channel Flow.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally
7.1 Visually inspect the sample or streambed to estimate
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D4822 – 88 (2003).
particle size ranges contained in the sample.
DOI: 10.1520/D4822-88R08.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of
the ASTM website. this guide.
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D4822 − 88 (2008)
TABLE 1 Guide for Selection of Particle Size Analysis of Fluvial Sediments Using Manual Methods
NOTE 1—Not all test methods will give complete distribution for the size range indicated, some will only give percent finer for one or two sizes in
the indicated range. See references for more detail on each test method.
M = Results in percent by mass PC = Particle count
N = Results in percent by number of particles OPC= Optical particle count, non-microscopic
...